Search results for "Data Science"
showing 10 items of 495 documents
3D Image Based Modelling Using Google Earth Imagery for 3D Landscape Modelling
2019
In recent years SfM technique experiments have been innumerable and increasingly refined under metric profiles. The techniques rely on photographic datasets of the objects or landscapes which can require in most cases time consuming and expensive surveys. Recently however there have been increases in the available 3D data of sites worldwide on the Google Earth (GE) platform. This paper presents a unique experimentation that considers integrating readily available datasets from GE and images taken during surveys on ground level for 3D replication without the use of expensive aerial surveys. This will enable practitioners the ability to more easily create 3D models of cultural heritage signif…
What do we mean by diversity? : the path towards quantification
2018
The concept of biological diversity has evolved from a simple count of species to more sophisticated measures that are sensitive to relative abundances and even to evolutionary divergence times between species. In the course of this evolution, diversity measures have often been borrowed from other disciplines. Biological reasoning about diversity often implicitly assumed that measures of diversity had certain mathematical properties, but most of biologys traditional diversity measures did not actually possess these properties, a situation which often led to mathematically and biologically invalid inferences. Biologists now usually transform the traditional measures to the «effective number …
Benchmarking the sustainable manufacturing paradigm via automatic analysis and clustering of scientific literature: A perspective from Italian techno…
2019
Abstract The number of scientific papers in the field of Sustainable Manufacturing (SM) shows a strong growth of interest in this topic in the last 20 years. Despite this huge number of publications, a clear statement of the profound meaning of Sustainable Manufacturing, or at least a strong theoretical support, is still missing. The 6R framework seems to be a first attempt to rationalize this issue, as it is an axiomatic identification of its true nature. Recognizing the pursuing of one or more of the Reduce-Recycle-Reuse-Recover-Redesign-Remanufacture principles allows users to identify if any manufacturing action is in the right direction of sustainability. In the paper, the authors spec…
INVESTIGATING OLDER ADULTS’ INTENTION TO USE SMARTPHONES WITH A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING APPROACH
2018
Although the uptake of smartphones amongst older adults has recently taken off, the proportion of feature phone users in this population group is still prevailing. Thus, drawing on the senior technology acceptance model (STAM) and the diffusion of innovation theory (DIT) this study aimed to investigate what personal and contextual factors affect the adoption of smartphones among older adults. A telephone survey on a nation-wide representative sample of older adults aged 55+ (n = 1581) was conducted, measuring eight STAM and DIT factors (e.g., perceived usefulness, resistance to change, mobile phone anxiety) of behavioral intention to use smartphones. Using confirmatory factor analysis and s…
WHY CENTENARIANS ARE SO OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE FUTURE?
2018
People living longer lives report that they are “making the most of it” reflecting a realistic and optimistic approach to life. This adaptive attitude among the oldest-old challenges the model of inevitable health and functional limitations expected at the end of life. However, researchers find that centenarians report good health, gratitude, enjoyment of life and feel optimistic about the future. Using data from a sample of 68 urban nonagenarians and centenarians in the city of Valencia in Spain (Age range 90–105, Mean= 96; SD= 3.93), we report on the associations between the participants’ cognitive dispositions and their level of life satisfaction while controlling by predisposing factors…
PREDICTIVE ACCURACY OF FRAILTY MEASURES: OVERVIEW OF REVIEWS
2017
Frailty is an age-related state of high vulnerability to adverse health outcomes after a stressor event, predisposing individuals to progressive decline in different functional domains. A scoping search identified a large number of relevant systematic reviews (SRs) on predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults. Aiming to summarise this set of evidence an overview of reviews, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, was conducted. This project “664367/FOCUS” was funded under the European Union’s Health Programme (2014–2020). The studies considered as eligible for inclusion were quantitative SRs including older adults aged 60 years or more, recruited from any type o…
The 2020 magnetism roadmap
2020
Following the success and relevance of the 2014 and 2017 Magnetism Roadmap articles, this 2020 Magnetism Roadmap edition takes yet another timely look at newly relevant and highly active areas in magnetism research. The overall layout of this article is unchanged, given that it has proved the most appropriate way to convey the most relevant aspects of today's magnetism research in a wide variety of sub-fields to a broad readership. A different group of experts has again been selected for this article, representing both the breadth of new research areas, and the desire to incorporate different voices and viewpoints. The latter is especially relevant for thistype of article, in which one's fi…
Knowledge Discovery from Network Logs
2015
Modern communications networks are complex systems, which facilitates malicious behavior. Dynamic web services are vulnerable to unknown intrusions, but traditional cyber security measures are based on fingerprinting. Anomaly detection differs from fingerprinting in that it finds events that differ from the baseline traffic. The anomaly detection methodology can be modelled with the knowledge discovery process. Knowledge discovery is a high-level term for the whole process of deriving actionable knowledge from databases. This article presents the theory behind this approach, and showcases research that has produced network log analysis tools and methods. peerReviewed
Active Learning for Monitoring Network Optimization
2012
Kernel-based active learning strategies were studied for the optimization of environmental monitoring networks. This chapter introduces the basic machine learning algorithms originated in the statistical learning theory of Vapnik (1998). Active learning is closer to an optimization done using sequential Gaussian simulations. The chapter presents the general ideas of statistical learning from data. It derives the basics of kernel-based support vector algorithms. The active learning framework is presented and machine learning extensions for active learning are described in the chapter. Kernel-based active learning strategies are tested on real case studies. The chapter explores the use of a c…
Macro MOOC learning analytics
2020
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have opened new educational possibilities for learners around the world. Numerous providers have emerged, which usually have different targets (geographical, topics or language), but most of the research and spotlight has been concentrated on the global providers and studies with limited generalizability. In this work we apply a multi-platform approach generating a joint and comparable analysis with data from millions of learners and more than ten MOOC providers that have partnered to conduct this study. This allows us to generate learning analytics trends at a macro level across various MOOC providers towards understanding which MOOC trends are globally …