Search results for "Decision Making"
showing 10 items of 492 documents
La rationalité simonienne : interprétations et enjeux épistémologiques
1999
Since economics focuses on individual behaviour and implicitly adopt a methodological individualism, an individual rationality hypothesis must be laid down. Beyond the usual substantive rationality hypothesis, others forms of individual rationality can be found in economics theory. They are often related to the Simon's bounded rationality hypothesis. In the economics literature the meanings of the bounded rationality hypothesis are obviously diverse and sometimes based on a partial or superficial readings of Simon's writings. Moreover, each one of these meanings is implicitly closely linked with a particular methodological and epistemological position. Based on careful readings of Simon's w…
SUP&R DST: SUstainable pavement & railways decision support tool
2018
6th International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, IALCCE 2018; Ghent; Belgium; 28 October 2018 through 31 October 2018, GHENT, BELGIQUE, 28-/10/2018 - 31/10/2018; In order to help the decisions makers to efficiently address eco-design for transport infrastructure technologies, a decision support toll (DST) was developed in the scope of the training-through-research programme Sustainable Pavements & Railways Initial Training Network (www.superitn.eu). It consists of a computational platform that implements a conceptual framework developed to quantify sustainability. It comes with a set of sustainability indicators tailored to both road and railway systems as well as several ob…
A novel framework for MR image segmentation and quantification by using MedGA
2019
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Image segmentation represents one of the most challenging issues in medical image analysis to distinguish among different adjacent tissues in a body part. In this context, appropriate image pre-processing tools can improve the result accuracy achieved by computer-assisted segmentation methods. Taking into consideration images with a bimodal intensity distribution, image binarization can be used to classify the input pictorial data into two classes, given a threshold intensity value. Unfortunately, adaptive thresholding techniques for two-class segmentation work properly only for images characterized by bimodal histograms. We aim at overcoming these limitations and…
An Architecture for Observational Learning
2014
In this thesis I present an architecture that learns new skills through observation and adapts to the environment through situated experience in the world. Such an architectural growth is bootstrapped from a minimal initial knowledge and the architecture itself is built around the biologically-inspired notion of internal models. The key idea, supported by findings in cognitive neuroscience, is that the same internal models used in overt goal-directed action execution can be covertly re-enacted in simulation to observe and understand the actions of others. The system applies these concepts to learning higher order cognitive functions like learning problem solving skills and social interactio…
Immigration, decision making and teenagers. An exploratory research in Palermo.
2017
For immigrant teenagers, especially newcomers, inclusion in school represents an additional challenge to the already complex transition from childhood to adolescence. The article proposes an exploratory research piloted in Palermo in 2016/2017 on a sample of 200 immigrant teenagers from non-European countries who are already included in the Italian school system. The aim of the research is to describe and to identify four areas: linguistic, communicative and relational difficulties, the role of training in immigrant country, reflections on their school path, decision making.
Collaboration and Decision Making in Crisis Situations
2016
[EN] Emergencies are critical situations that demand immediate action to avoid adverse consequences to life and property. Recent events around the world highlight the importance of the theme. A key challenge in Emergency Management is decision-making under time pressure, with an overload of unconfirmed, uncertain and conflicting information, including the management of many people, with distinct and possibly fluid roles, in different places. Collaboration in these settings is an interesting element, since emergency response generally involves multiple agencies and the public, which, having different views, protocols and priorities, must act in concert to handle the situation. In addition, a…
Speak their Language : Designing Effective Messages to Improve Employees’ Information Security Decision Making
2018
Employee disinterest in information security remains one of the greatest impediments to effective information security management programs. How can organizations enhance the persuasiveness of the information security messages used to warn employees of threats and encourage employees to take specific actions to improve their security? We use fear appeal theory and the elaboration likelihood model to argue that security messages presented using more personally relevant language are more likely to induce employees to engage in the recommended protective security behaviors. Our strategy uses organization identification theory to segment employees into two groups and then develops security messa…
Evidence-Based Knowledge Management: an approach to effectively promote good health-care decision-making in the Information Era.
2009
The sharing of information and the growth of knowledge together represent a foundation for the promotion of quality improvement of health care systems. This paper concerns knowledge, not only from an epistemological point of view, but also from a pragmatic one. In our paper, knowledge is discussed as the hub to promote better decision making and continuous professional development. Effective thinking is particularly needed. The critical point is to think about how health care systems can develop both an effective knowledge management network and how health-care organizations can actually be based on it. In this way, knowledge and knowledge hierarchy are defined according to Russel Achkoff's…
Il processo decisionale online: rassegna di studi empirici e confronto tra Siti Internet per l'Aiuto alle Decisioni negli Stati Uniti e in Europa
2005
With the advent of the Internet, decision making researchers have extended their research scope from traditional "offline" contexts to the increasingly more common "online" decision environment. At the same time, on the Web an increasing number of "decision-facilitating websites" have appeared - spaces finalized to help users make "online" decisions. In the present work we a) present and discuss the most important decision facilitating websites; b) review the main results obtained by the fledgling field of Web-based decision research.
'What can I do? Any tips?' Online communities and agoraphobia, an open channel for shared participation in management of medical treatment
2021
espanolEn este articulo se analizan las entradas producidas en tres grupos de la red social Facebook creados y utilizados por personas diagnosticadas de agorafobia mediante un analisis del discurso. Se identifica que las comunidades virtuales constituyen espacios que favorecen la emergencia de un posicionamiento activo de sus participantes en la co-gestion de su medicacion a partir de tres ejes: a) espacio extra-medico de iguales que favorece el intercambio de informacion, la formacion y la consulta; b) espacio que posibilita el nacimiento y puesta en comun de narrativas alternativas a la farmacologica, y; c) espacio de conflicto entre narrativas sobre la medicacion que, en algunos casos, f…