Search results for "Decision Tree"
showing 10 items of 170 documents
Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning
2021
Recent evidence suggests that, in some foci, elimination of onchocerciasis from Africa may be feasible with mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin. To achieve continental elimination of transmission, mapping surveys will need to be conducted across all implementation units (IUs) for which endemicity status is currently unknown. Using boosted regression tree models with optimised hyperparameter selection, we estimated environmental suitability for onchocerciasis at the 5 × 5-km resolution across Africa. In order to classify IUs that include locations that are environmentally suitable, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to identify an optimal threshold for suitabil…
Does an optimal therapeutic sequence exist in advanced non-small cell lung cancer?
2008
A growing percentage of patients affected by advanced non-small cell lung cancer who progressed after first-line chemotherapy still have a good performance status and require second-line treatment.An overview of the state of the art of second-line therapeutic options is presented.The scope of the review is to give an update on the therapeutic options currently available for the second-line treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Among chemotherapeutic drugs docetaxel and pemetrexed have been approved for second-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Although the drugs are equiactive in terms of response rate and survival parameters the latter has a cle…
Comparing Boosting and Bagging for Decision Trees of Rankings
2021
AbstractDecision tree learning is among the most popular and most traditional families of machine learning algorithms. While these techniques excel in being quite intuitive and interpretable, they also suffer from instability: small perturbations in the training data may result in big changes in the predictions. The so-called ensemble methods combine the output of multiple trees, which makes the decision more reliable and stable. They have been primarily applied to numeric prediction problems and to classification tasks. In the last years, some attempts to extend the ensemble methods to ordinal data can be found in the literature, but no concrete methodology has been provided for preference…
Bridging data mining and semantic web
2016
Nowadays Semantic Web is widely adopted standard of knowledge representation. Hence, knowledge engineers are applying sophisticated methods to capture, discover and represent knowledge in Semantic Web form. Studies show that, to represent knowledge in Semantic Web standard, data mining techniques such as Decision Trees, Association Rules, etc., play an important role. These techniques are implemented in publicly available Data Mining tools. These tools represent knowledge discovered in human readable format and some tools use Predictive Model Markup language (PMML). PMML is an XML based model for data mining model representation that fails to address the representation of the semantics of t…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Stress Ulcer Bleeding Prophylaxis with Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2 Receptor Antagonists
2012
Abstract Objectives Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) present varying pharmacological efficacy in preventing stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) in intensive care units. The literature also reports disparate rates of ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP) as side effects of these treatments. We compared the cost-effectiveness of these two prophylactic pharmacological options. Methods We constructed a decision tree with a 60-day time horizon for patients at high risk for developing SUB, receiving either PPIs or H2RAs. For each treatment strategy, patients could be in one of three states of health: SUB, VAP, or no complication. Contemporary, clinically relevant probabilit…
GRANADA consensus on analytical approaches to assess associations with accelerometer-determined physical behaviours (physical activity, sedentary beh…
2021
This study was conducted under the umbrella of the ActiveBrains and the SmarterMove projects supported by the MINECO/FEDER (DEP2013-47540, DEP2016-79512-R, RYC-2011-09011) and the CoCA project supported by the European Union's 2020 research and innovation programme (667302). JHM is supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU15/02645). AR is supported by the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, and the Collaboration for leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) East Midlands. SS is supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR-19-CE36-0004-01). RW is supported by a Medical Research Council Industrial Strategy Studentship (MR…
A Decision Analysis Approach to Multiple-Choice Examinations
1998
We present a decision analysis approach to the problems faced by people subject to multiple-choice examinations, as often encountered in their education, in looking for a job, or in getting a driving permit.
A Matlab based interface for infrared thermographic diagnosis of pediatric musculoskeletal injuries
2016
Abstract Background and objective One of the main causes of emergency medical consultations done by children are musculoskeletal injures. In such cases, radiological tests are a common practice to diagnose the gravity of the trauma and determine the likely existence of a fracture. In order to avoid, or at least to reduce, the use of ionizing radiations with children, the infrared thermographic technique was studied as an alternative solution, since it is a non-harmful, non-invasive and non-contact technique, without excessive technical complications and moderate cost when compared to other types of imaging tools. Methodology When an infrared thermographic diagnostic test is performed, and o…
[Clinical guidelines for the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors]
2006
Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) has been revolutioned by the recently discovered molecular mechanism responsible for the oncogenesis of this disease. In addition, due to the rapid progress at molecular and clinical level observed in the last few years, there is a need to review the current state of the art in order to delineate appropriate guidelines for the optimal management of these tumors. A panel of experts from several specialities, including medical oncology, surgery, pathology, molecular biology and imaging, were invited to participate in a meeting to present and discuss a number of pre-selected questions, and to achieve a consensus according to the categories of…
QSAR models for tyrosinase inhibitory activity description applying modern statistical classification techniques: A comparative study
2010
Abstract Cluster analysis (CA), Linear and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (L(Q)DA), Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) and Classification Tree (CT) are applied on two datasets for description of tyrosinase inhibitory activity from molecular structures. The first set included 701 tyrosinase inhibitors (TI) that are used for performance of inhibitory and non-inhibitory activity and the second one is for potency estimation of active compounds. 2D TOMOCOMD-CARDD atom-based quadratic indices are computed as molecular descriptors. CA is used to “rational” design of training (TS) and prediction set (PS) but it shows of not being adequate as classification technique. On the first data, the overall a…