Search results for "Delta"
showing 10 items of 471 documents
An analysis of the brain's transfer properties in schizophrenia: Amplitude frequency characteristics and evoked potentials during sleep
1998
Background: Classical analysis of spontaneous sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) in schizophrenia commonly reveals alterations of sleep continuity, number of awakenings, slow-wave sleep (SWS), and REM sleep compared to healthy controls; however, conventional analysis cannot help understand dynamic differences of the sleep EEG during different sleep stages. Methods: We measured late components of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) during different sleep stages of 11 schizophrenic inpatients and in a sex- and age-matched control group from scalp positions FZ, CZ, and PZ. According to linear system theory, we then computed the amplitude-frequency characteristic…
Transmission of hepatitis B and hepatitis delta viruses in the households of chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers: A regression analysis of i…
1991
Abstract To evaluate whether clinical and laboratory features of a hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier can predict risks of infection, its chronicity, and the development of liver disease among close contacts, the authors studied a cohort of 994 first degree relatives or cohabitants (household contacts) of 226 non-drug-addicted chronic HBsAg carriers (index cases), of whom 77% had liver disease and 26% were superinfected by hepatitis D virus (HDV). A logistic form of regression analysis was used to assess the role of each feature in the index case as predictor of hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and HDV-related outcomes among household contacts. Six models of risk, expressed as odds ratios,…
Analysis of sleep EEG microstructure in subchronic paroxetine treatment of healthy subjects
1997
Paroxetine is a selective and potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor and its efficacy for the treatment of depression has been proven. Under acute and subchronical treatment regimens, disturbances of the regular sleep pattern are a reported side effect of the drug. The present study was therefore performed to investigate the impact of subchronic treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine on the microstructure of the sleep EEG. The study especially addressed the question of subchronic effects of paroxetine medication (30 mg/day) in eight healthy male volunteers in a double blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Conventional sleep EEG parameters and a spectral powe…
Limbic activity in slow wave sleep in a healthy subject with alpha–delta sleep
2001
All-night electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was recorded in a healthy subject with known alpha-delta sleep. Recordings were made from all 19 of the 10/20 system electrode sites, and low resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) was used to estimate intracerebral current densities. Sleep stages were compared within classical frequency bands by statistical parametric mapping (SPM). With the onset of sleep, occipital alpha abated. With increasing depth of sleep, alpha power increased in a region comprising the left frontal lobe, the anterior and parietal cingulum, and the anterior and medial right front lobe. In slow wave sleep (SWS), frontal alpha power was much greater than in wake…
Patterned functional network disruption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
2019
Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting motor function, with additional evidence of extensive nonmotor involvement. Despite increasing recognition of the disease as a multisystem network disorder characterised by impaired connectivity, the precise neuroelectric characteristics of impaired cortical communication remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we characterise changes in functional connectivity using beamformer source analysis on resting‐state electroencephalography recordings from 74 ALS patients and 47 age‐matched healthy controls. Spatiospectral characteristics of network changes in the ALS patient group were quantifi…
Differentiation, phenotype, and function of interleukin-17-producing human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.
2011
Abstract In healthy adults, the major peripheral blood γδ T-cell subset expresses the Vγ9Vδ2 TCR and displays pleiotropic features. Here we report that coculture of naive Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with phosphoantigens and a cocktail of cytokines (IL-1-β, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-23), leads to selective expression of the transcription factor RORγt and polarization toward IL-17 production. IL-17+ Vγ9Vδ2 T cells express the chemokine receptor CCR6 and produce IL-17 but neither IL-22 nor IFN-γ; they have a predominant terminally differentiated (CD27−CD45RA+) phenotype and express granzyme B, TRAIL, FasL, and CD161. On antigen activation, IL-17+ Vγ9Vδ2 T cells rapidly induce CXCL8-mediated migration and phagocy…
Influence of age on the interrelation between EEG frequency bands during NREM and REM sleep.
2004
The age-dependence of temporal interrelations between distinct frequency bands of sleep EEG was investigated in a group of 59 healthy young and middle-aged males via cross correlation analysis. Based on global evaluation throughout the entire night, a highly significant decline of the delta/theta correlation with increasing age was found. A separate analysis for non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep revealed different changes with aging. During NREM sleep, the correlation between the delta and theta frequency bands decreased with increasing age. In contrast, during REM sleep, a stronger correlation became obvious between the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands …
High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces EEG-hypofrontality in patients with schizophrenia.
2015
The reduced metabolic activity in the prefrontal brain lobes, so-called hypofrontality, is associated with increased electrophysiological delta-band activity. Schizophrenia inpatients (N=35) received sham-controlled 10Hz rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in a randomised design. After treatment, the resting electroencephalography revealed a significant decrease in the delta-band activity, which originated in the right prefrontal cortex and correlated with improvements in facial affect recognition.
HLA-B27-derived peptides as autoantigens for T lymphocytes in ankylosing spondylitis
1997
Objective.To study whether peptides derived from the HLA-B27 molecule sequence can stimulate peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBL) from patients with HLA-B27-associated spondylarthropathies. Methods.PBL from 55 HLA-B27+ patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 28 HLA-B27+ patients with other spondylarthropathies, 7 rheumatoid arthritis patients, and 30 HLA-B27+ and 22 HLA-B27- healthy controls were tested in lymphocyte proliferation assays with 4 synthetic peptides derived from the HLA-B*2705 molecule. Results. A 13-mer peptide (B27PA) induced significant proliferative responses in 17 of the 55 AS patients (stimulation index [SI] 2.5–17.5), as well as in 3 of the HLA-B27+ healthy controls …
The Transcription Factor T-bet Is Induced by IL-15 and Thymic Agonist Selection and Controls CD8αα+ Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Development
2014
Summary CD8αα + intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are instrumental in maintaining the epithelial barrier in the intestine. Similar to natural killer cells and other innate lymphoid cells, CD8αα + IELs constitutively express the T-box transcription factor T-bet. However, the precise role of T-bet for the differentiation or function of IELs is unknown. Here we show that mice genetically deficient for T-bet lacked both TCRαβ + and TCRγδ + CD8αα + IELs and thus are more susceptible to chemically induced colitis. Although T-bet was induced in thymic IEL precursors (IELPs) as a result of agonist selection and interleukin-15 (IL-15) receptor signaling, it was dispensable for the generation of IEL…