Search results for "Demand"
showing 10 items of 759 documents
Système de transport urbain : caractérisation de l'offre et estimation de la demande
2010
Comment rendre la ville plus accessible, l'ouvrir au plus grand nombre afin de favoriser les interactions fonctionnelles ? Les besoins de mobilité évoluent en permanence et confèrent toute son importance à cet enjeu de société. Au traditionnel "droit au transport" des années 1970, s'est progressivement substitué un "droit aux mobilités", y compris individuelles, qui est devenu l'une des clés de voûte de la gestion des espaces urbains. Dans ce contexte mouvant, l'analyse des systèmes de transport urbain doit progresser aussi bien du côté de la caractérisation de l'offre que du point de vue de l'estimation de la demande. L'information géographique et, de manière plus générale, les méthodes et…
Impacts des réseaux viaires sur les mobilités urbaines : quelques illustrations
2008
This research aims to find the impact of the network shape and structure on the urban mobilities, in order to fight against the automobile dependency and to include the externalities in the network design. Three examples illustrate this objective. The first one shows the influence of the network shape on the pedestrian urban flows. The second one emphasizes how sensitive to the network structure is the efficiency of a very flexible Demand Responsive Transport. The third example demonstrates that the network metric is favourable to the automobile and how it can be possible to apply an alternative metric, called the “slow metric” to reduce the urban sprawling and the automobile dependency.
Full employment and neoclassical theories
1997
L’analyse néoclassique s’attache surtout à étudier le chômage volontaire, qui signifie le refus des travailleurs d’accepter un travail pour un taux de salaire compatible avec l’équilibre du système. Pour mesurer la portée de cette affirmation, il est essentiel de voir comment, dans cette analyse, on détermine le taux de rémunération du travail. Les auteurs de l’école de pensée Néoclassique fondent l’étude de l’emploi sur l'offre et la demande car, dans ce système, le travail est assimilé aux biens. Par conséquent, la réalisation du plein-emploi ne leur pose pas de problème. Aussi l’équilibre du système implique-t-il le plein-emploi Nous pouvons résumer essentiellement en trois points les li…
Tunnetyön kuormittavuus terveydenhuoltoalalla : palvelumotivaatio ja transformationaalinen johtajuus puskuroivina voimavaroina
2015
Tämän pro gradu -tutkielman tavoitteena oli kartoittaa tunnetyön kuormittavuutta suomalaisella terveydenhuoltoalalla. Työn vaatimusten ja voimavarojen mallia (JD-R) hyödyntäen tutkimme, kuinka tunnetyön kuormittavuus työn vaatimustekijänä ja transformationaalinen johtajuus sekä palvelumotivaatio työn voimavaratekijöinä ovat yhteydessä työuupumukseen. Tutkimusaineistoon valikoitui 1450 hoitotyöntekijää, joiden tunnetyön kuormittavuutta (mitattuna emotionaalisella dissonanssilla), palvelumotivaatioita, koettua transformationaalista johtajuutta ja työuupumusta (mitattuna uupumusasteisena väsymyksenä) kartoitettiin kyselylomakkeen avulla. Tutkimushypoteeseina oli, että tunnetyön kuormittavuus o…
Staying connected and feeling less exhausted : The autonomy benefits of after‐hour connectivity
2023
This study investigates the longitudinal relationship between after-hour connectivity, autonomy and exhaustion. In doing so, we seek to illuminate the role of individuals' connectivity to work in relation to their autonomy and well-being. We juxtapose different effective directions of the relationship between connectivity and autonomy to shed light on whether and how connectivity and autonomy are related to employees' well-being. This is important because research has both often problematized after-hour connectivity and suggested that connectivity is an inherent feature of contemporary workplaces that may benefit employees. In this study, we hypothesize that after-hour connectivity increase…
Do Older Employees Suffer More from Work Intensification and Other Intensified Job Demands? Evidence from Upper White-Collar Workers
2019
Background: Working life today is characterized by acceleration and intensification due to social, and particularly technological, acceleration affecting the whole of society. These phenomena also affect working life by intensifying job demands, possibly imposing new job stressors on the workforce. At the same time workforce is aging, raising a question how older employees manage to cope with these work life changes. Methods: This study examined intensified job demands and their effects on occupational well-being from the age perspective utilizing Finnish survey data from upper white-collar workers (N = 2,200). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and hierarchical reg…
Football match attendance in Finland
2022
Football fans prefer to see their favourite team win in close matches. Compared to other forms of entertainment, the outcome of sport game is unknown beforehand. Opera audience knows the plot in advance, but in football the winner is revealed only after 90 minutes. The scientific literature of modern sport economics demand theory implies that successful leagues must be based on relatively even competition. This degree of parity within a league is labelled as competitive balance. Sport leagues usually claim that outcome uncertainty is necessary to maintain interest among fans. In this paper, uncertainty of outcome hypothesis is tested applying football data from the highest tier in Finnish m…
A New Academic Quality at Work Tool (AQ@workT) to Assess the Quality of Life at Work in the Italian Academic Context
2022
Refereed/Peer-reviewed The present study provides evidence for a valid and reliable tool, the Academic Quality at Work Tool (AQ@workT), to investigate the quality of life at work in academics within the Italian university sector. The AQ@workT was developed by the QoL@Work research team, namely a group of expert academics in the field of work and organizational psychology affiliated with the Italian Association of Psychologists. The tool is grounded in the job demands-resources model and its psychometric properties were assessed in three studies comprising a wide sample of lecturers, researchers, and professors: a pilot study (N = 120), a calibration study (N = 1084), and a validation study …