Search results for "Demography"
showing 10 items of 2125 documents
Female Attraction Behaviour of Radio Tagged Polyterritorial Pied Flycatcher Males
1993
AbstractPolygynous mating is costly for pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) females. Thus, females have a good reason to attempt to avoid mating with already mated polyterritorial males. One cue to disclose a male's mating status is his behaviour. The behaviour of polyterritorial and unmated males was studied by radio tagging that allows accurate recording of male movements. While attracting a secondary female polyterritorial males spent significantly less time on the secondary territory than did unmated males on their single territory. Polyterritorial males also tended to have lower song rates. When a female appeared on the secondary territory of polyterritorial males, they increased the …
Parental investment asymmetries of a globally endangered scavenger: unravelling the role of gender, weather conditions and stage of the nesting cycle
2019
Capsule: In Egyptian Vultures Neophron percnopterus, both sexes invested similar parental effort throughout the breeding period. However, there was variation in the degree of intensity of parental ...
Linking Economic Stress to Marital Quality Among Finnish Marital Couples
1998
Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediators of economic circumstances on marital quality using a sample of married or cohabiting 36-year-old Finnish men ( n = 133) and women ( n = 117). The model tested was an adapted version of the model presented by Conger, Ge, and Lorenz. For the men, the results were consistent with the proposed model: Poor employment status caused economic strain and affected the lives of the men to the extent that current economic strain increased expected financial strain, leading to greater depression and greater hostility in the marriage, both of which, in turn, predicted poor marital quality. For the women, poor economic circumstances and, in part…
Female choice in the kestrel under different availability of mating options
1992
Abstract Mate choice in relation to its fitness consequences on females was studied in kestrels, Falco tinnunculus , in western Finland. The breeding season is short with rapidly declining prospects of successful breeding, suggesting that females should make their mating decision quickly. On average, males arrived a few days before females, but late males arrived much later than early females. Pairs were usually formed within 2 days of male arrival, and only early males were available to early females. Options for female choice differed considerably in years of different kestrel density. In a good vole year, 1988, females had many males to choose from, but in poor vole years, 1989 and 1990,…
Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life and Cosleeping: The Role of Nocturnal Breastfeeding
2021
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the association between cosleeping and the number of breastfeeding sessions in infants, OHRQoL of the child and the family, and the DMFT Child’s index. The sample comprised 273 children (2–4 years old). In addition to the clinical examination of the child to assess the DMFT Index, the mother was requested to complete a questionnaire to collect data about the breastfeeding practice, diet, dental hygiene, dental check-ups, quality of the child’s oral life, and family impact (ECOHIS Scale). The children’s OHRQoL is positively correlated with number of night-time breastfeeding sessions at 12 months (r2 = 0.40 **), DMFT index (r2 = 0.60 **), impact family …
The effects of fiscal policies on the economic growth in Romania
2017
This paper intends to examine the results of fiscal policy implementation in Romania, their impact on economic growth and how fiscal policies have influenced the growth of budgetary deficits. Our objective is to highlight and explore efficient fiscal consolidation strategies that can ensure a stable economic growth through sustainable public finances. The methodology consists in analysing the information provided by national and international financial institutions, comparing it to past, proposed and assumed values, and examining the efforts and results. The conclusion we reached was that, in order to restore the sustainability of public finances, the need arises for considerable fiscal con…
C9ORF72 in a Large Series of Italian and Sardinian Familial and Sporadic ALS Patients (IN9-1.003)
2012
Objective: To assess the frequency and the phenotype of a large series of Italian sALS and fALS with C9ORF72 repeat expansions. Background Recently we found that large expansions of hexanucleotide repeats (GGGGCC) in the first intron of the C9ORF72 gene, located in the chromosome 9p21, are related to familial and sporadic ALS cases(Renton et al, 2011). Design/Methods: We assessed 126 index fALS (106 Italians, 20 of Sardinians) and 601 sALS (485 Italians, 116 Sardinians), negative for other ALS-related genes mutations. Patients were collected through the ITALSGEN consortium. Repeat primer PCR to screen the presence of the hexanucleotide expansion in the first intron of C9ORF72 have been perf…
Saving Lives at Birth: The Impact of Home Births on Infant Outcomes
2012
Many developed countries have recently experienced sharp increases in home birth rates. This paper investigates the impact of home births on the health of low-risk newborns using data from the Netherlands, the only developed country where home births are widespread. To account for endogeneity in location of birth, we exploit the exogenous variation in distance from a mother’s residence to the closest hospital. We find that giving birth in a hospital leads to substantial reductions in newborn mortality. We provide suggestive evidence that proximity to medical technologies may be an important channel contributing to these health gains.
Health-related correlates of psychological well-being among girls and boys 6-8 years of age: The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study
2018
AIM Due to limited knowledge on the differences in the correlates of psychological well-being (PSWB) between girls and boys, we compared the correlates of PSWB between primary school girls and boys. METHODS A population sample of 412 children participated in the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study. Parents completed a questionnaire that included 19 questions on the components of PSWB, and a PSWB score was computed. We assessed correlates of PSWB, including physical activity, sedentary behaviour, cardiorespiratory fitness, diet quality, body fat content, sleep duration, sleep disordered breathing, prevalent diseases and parental characteristics. We used logistic regression to a…
Hospitalization for self-harm during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in France: A nationwide retrospective observational cohort study
2021
ABSTRACT Background Little is known to date about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm. Methods The number of hospitalizations for self-harm (ICD-10 codes X60-X84) in France from 1st January to 31st August 2020 (including a two-month confinement) was compared to the same periods in 2017–2019. Statistical methods comprised Poisson regression, Cox regression and Student's t-test, plus Spearman's correlation test relating to spatial analysis of hospitalizations. Outcomes There were 53,583 self-harm hospitalizations in France during January to August 2020. Compared to the same period in 2019, this represents an overall 8·5% decrease (Relative Risk [95% Confidence Interval] = 0·91 [0·90–…