Search results for "Derivation"

showing 10 items of 60 documents

Word derivational knowledge and writing proficiency: How do they link?

2016

Abstract Although word derivational (WD) knowledge, i.e., how new words are formed from existing words with help of derivational affixes, is considered important for learners of second or foreign languages (L2), there is still no clear answer as to what aspects comprise the construct of L2 English word derivational knowledge and how it develops. The present study adds to our knowledge on how the ability to derive English words develops among L2 English learners. More specifically, it sheds light on how word derivational knowledge relates to communicatively defined Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) language proficiency levels regarding learners' writing skills. In the study, 117 …

060201 languages & linguisticsLinguistics and LanguageComputer scienceForeign languageCEFRta612106 humanities and the artsLanguage and LinguisticsLinguisticsEducationWriting skillsL2 writingL2 proficiency0602 languages and literatureLanguage proficiencyConstruct (philosophy)Link (knot theory)Word (computer architecture)word derivationSystem
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Polyoxypregnanes as safe, potent, and specific ABCB1-inhibitory pro-drugs to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo

2021

Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) is significantly hindering effective cancer chemotherapy. However, currently, no ABCB1-inhibitory drugs have been approved to treat MDR cancer clinically, mainly due to the inhibitor specificity, toxicity, and drug interactions. Here, we reported that three polyoxypregnanes (POPs) as the most abundant constituents of Marsdenia tenacissima (M. tenacissima) were novel ABCB1-modulatory pro-drugs, which underwent intestinal microbiota-mediated biotransformation in vivo to generate active metabolites. The metabolites at non-toxic concentrations restored chemosensitivity in ABCB1-overexpressing cancer cells v…

ABCC1 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1IC50 half maximal inhibitory concentrationMultidrug resistancePharmacologyNADPH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateF bioavailabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundPCR polymerase chain reaction0302 clinical medicineMDR multidrug resistanceECL electrochemiluminescencet1/2 elimination half-lifeLC–MS liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometryN.D. not detectedGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsBBB blood–brain barriermedia_commonATF3 activating transcription factor 30303 health sciencesChemistryABC ATP-binding cassetteNMPA National Medical Products AdministrationPXR pregnane X receptorSDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisHBSS Hankʹs balanced salt solutionABCB1Combination chemotherapyProdrugMarsdenia tenacissimaCmax peak concentrationPaclitaxelGAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBHI brain heart infusionOriginal ArticleAUC0–∞ area under plasma concentration vs. time curveMRT mean residence timeDrugmedia_common.quotation_subjectRM1-950Vd volume of distributionABCB1 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1UIC-2 mouse monoclonal ABCB1 antibodyABCG2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2Combination chemotherapyCYP cytochrome P450 isozymePI propidium iodideTEER transepithelial electrical resistance03 medical and health sciencesPBS phosphate buffer salineFBS fetal bovine serumDox doxorubicinIn vivoPOP polyoxypregnanemedicine030304 developmental biologyEVOM epithelial tissue voltohmmeterTmax time for peak concentrationCancerLBE lowest binding energyPE phycoerythrinmedicine.diseaseMultiple drug resistancePolyoxypregnanePapp apparent permeabilityN.A. not applicableCancer cellH&E hematoxylin and eosinMDR1a multidrug resistance protein 1aTherapeutics. PharmacologyqPCR quantitative PCRM. tenacissima Marsdenia tenacissimaCL clearanceSD standard derivationActa Pharmaceutica Sinica B
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Pyelotransverse pyelocolostomy: an alternative method for high urinary diversion in patients with extended bilateral ureter damage.

1991

After previous radiation due to pelvic malignoma or after multiple operations, the ileal conduit as well as sigmoid conduit are associated with an increased rate of complications. In these patients, the middle and distal ureter often cannot be considered for reimplantation due to fibrosis. High anastomosis to a bowel segment which is undamaged proves favorable. The transverse colon, conveniently situated in the cranial abdomen, is close enough to the kidneys for such a high anastomosis and is mostly spared from irradiation. In cases where severely damaged ureters forbid connection to a normal transverse conduit, we performed a pyelotransverse pyelocolostomy with high anastomosis of the bowe…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyColonGenital Neoplasms FemaleUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentUrinary systemAnastomosisUrinary DiversionSepsisUreterPostoperative ComplicationsColostomymedicineHumansKidney PelvisDerivationUrinary Bladder NeurogenicRadiation Injuriesbusiness.industryUrinary diversionTransverse colonMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryRadiographyStenosismedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleUreterbusinessFollow-Up StudiesEuropean urology
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The Mainz Pouch II

1994

The Mainz pouch II procedure has proved to be a substantial modification of the classical technique of ureterosigmoidostomy at many institutions. To date we have used this procedure in 72 patients, including 15 children. Detubularization causes a low pressure and eliminates high-pressure contractions. Without the risk of compromising the blood supply the pouch is fixed at the promontory which reduces the risk of ureteral kinking and upper urinary tract dilatation as it is sometimes observed after ureterosigmoidostomy. The technique is not only indicated in cases of failed ureterosigmoidostomy but also for primary urinary diversion. Of the 72 patients operated, all are evaluable with a follo…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentCystectomyUreterosigmoidostomyPostoperative ComplicationsColon SigmoidmedicineHumansDerivationChildAgedUpper urinary tractbusiness.industryUrinary Reservoirs ContinentUrinary diversionUrographyMiddle AgedSurgeryUrodynamicsFemaleUreterPouchComplicationbusinessPyelogramEuropean Urology
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Long-Term Results of Ileocecal Continent Urinary Diversion in Patients Treated With and Without Previous Pelvic Irradiation

2002

Patients who receive pelvic irradiation may require urinary diversion to manage complications resulting from progressive malignancy or radiotherapy. The choice of urinary diversion is an important issue and remains controversial. We characterized the long-term outcome of urinary diversion with a continent ileocecal reservoir in patients who received pelvic irradiation versus those who underwent urinary diversion without previous irradiation.Continent urinary diversion with an ileocecal reservoir (Mainz pouch 1) was performed in 36 irradiated patients in a 9-year period. Morbidity, mortality, the reoperative rate and parameters associated with the surgical procedure were determined at a medi…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyUrinary systemmedicine.medical_treatmentUrologyPelvisCystectomyPostoperative ComplicationsRisk FactorsmedicineHumansDerivationRadiation InjuriesAgedUrinary bladderbusiness.industryUrinary diversionUrinary Reservoirs Continentrespiratory systemMiddle AgedCombined Modality TherapySurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsFemaleRadiotherapy AdjuvantPouchbusinessComplicationhuman activitiesContinent Urinary DiversionFollow-Up StudiesThe Journal of Urology
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Upper Bound for the Approximation Error for the Kirchhoff-Love Arch Problem

2013

In this paper, a guaranteed and computable upper bound of approximation errors for the Kirchhoff-Love arch problem is derived. In general, it belongs to the class of functional a posteriori error estimates. The derivation method uses purely functional arguments and, therefore, the estimates are valid for any conforming approximation within the energy space. The computational implementation of the upper bound is discussed and demonstrated by a numerical example.

Class (set theory)Approximation errorA priori and a posterioriApplied mathematicsDerivation methodArchSpace (mathematics)Upper and lower boundsEnergy (signal processing)Mathematics
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Prefix Stripping Re-Re-Revisited: MEG Investigations of Morphological Decomposition and Recomposition

2019

We revisit a long-standing question in the psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic literature on comprehending morphologically complex words: are prefixes and suffixes processed using the same cognitive mechanisms? Recent work using Magnetoencephalography (MEG) to uncover the dynamic temporal and spatial responses evoked by visually presented complex suffixed single words provide us with a comprehensive picture of morphological processing in the brain, from early, form-based decomposition, through lexical access, grammatically constrained recomposition, and semantic interpretation. In the present study, we find that MEG responses to prefixed words reveal interesting early differences in the la…

Cognitive sciencemagnetoencephalographymedicine.diagnostic_testlexical accessSemantic interpretationlcsh:BF1-990derivational morphologymorphological recompositionOf the formCognitionMagnetoencephalographyprefixationPsycholinguisticsLateralization of brain functionmorphological decompositionPrefixlcsh:Psychologygrammatical licensingStripping (linguistics)medicinePsychologyPsychologyGeneral PsychologyOriginal Researchmorphological processingFrontiers in Psychology
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A class of nilpotent Lie algebras admitting a compact subgroup of automorphisms

2017

Abstract The realification of the ( 2 n + 1 ) -dimensional complex Heisenberg Lie algebra is a ( 4 n + 2 ) -dimensional real nilpotent Lie algebra with a 2-dimensional commutator ideal coinciding with the centre, and admitting the compact algebra sp ( n ) of derivations. We investigate, in general, whether a real nilpotent Lie algebra with 2-dimensional commutator ideal coinciding with the centre admits a compact Lie algebra of derivations. This also gives us the occasion to revisit a series of classic results, with the expressed aim of attracting the interest of a broader audience.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsOscillator algebra010102 general mathematicsUniversal enveloping algebra010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesAffine Lie algebraLie conformal algebraGraded Lie algebraNilpotent Lie algebraComputational Theory and MathematicsLie algebraCompact Lie algebraSettore MAT/03 - GeometriaGeometry and Topology0101 mathematicsCompact derivationGeneralized Kac–Moody algebraAnalysisMathematicsDifferential Geometry and its Applications
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Modified seromuscular tube: serosa lined bowel wall imbrication as a continent outlet for continent cutaneous urinary diversion.

1999

Purpose: We created a simplified modification of the seromuscular tube technique for continent cutaneous urinary diversion. Materials and Methods: We applied a simplified modification of our seromuscular tube technique in 1 woman and 2 men with a mean age of 53 years in whom outlet failure developed after continent cutaneous urinary diversion, and in whom adiposity and postoperative adhesions rendered revision difficult. We constructed a continent outlet conduit by imbricating the whole bowel wall and suturing it into a tube. Results: At a followup of 4 to 13 months (mean 7) all 3 patients are completely continent without leakage. Catheterization is performed at 3 to 5-hour intervals (mean …

Flap valveAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentUrologyUrinary diversionUrinary Reservoirs ContinentUrinary incontinenceMean ageImbricationMiddle AgedUrinary DiversionSurgerySerous MembraneContinence mechanismmedicineHumansFemaleDerivationmedicine.symptombusinessBowel wallFollow-Up StudiesThe Journal of urology
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Assessment of coronary artery bypass grafts: value of different breath-hold MR imaging techniques.

1999

Our aim was to evaluate the patency of coronary artery bypass grafts and to detect graft stenosis using different breath-hold MR imaging techniques.Twenty-two patients with 59 grafts (14 internal mammary artery grafts and 45 saphenous vein grafts) and 76 distal anastomoses (singular and sequential grafts) were studied using a 1.5-T scanner. A two-dimensional T2-weighted breath-hold half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) sequence and a three-dimensional breath-hold contrast-enhanced MR angiography sequence (fast imaging with steady-state free precession) were performed. For MR angiography, a bolus of 20 ml of gadopentetate dimeglumine was used. Time delay for contrast i…

Gadolinium DTPAMalemedicine.medical_specialtyContrast MediaBypass graftsAnastomosisCoronary AngiographySensitivity and SpecificityBolus (medicine)Graft stenosisHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDerivationCoronary Artery BypassAgedbusiness.industryGraft Occlusion VascularGeneral MedicineMr imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureMammary arteryFemaleRadiologybusinessMagnetic Resonance AngiographyArteryAmerican Journal of Roentgenology
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