Search results for "Designing"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
Respiratory Tularemia: Francisella Tularensis and Microarray Probe Designing
2016
Background:Francisella tularensis(F. tularensis) is the etiological microorganism for tularemia. There are different forms of tularemia such as respiratory tularemia. Respiratory tularemia is the most severe form of tularemia with a high rate of mortality; if not treated. Therefore, traditional microbiological tools and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are not useful for a rapid, reliable, accurate, sensitive and specific diagnosis. But, DNA microarray technology does. DNA microarray technology needs to appropriate microarray probe designing.Objective:The main goal of this original article was to design suitable long oligo microarray probes for detection and identification ofF. tularensis.Me…
Ethics in designing intelligent systems
2019
The idea of Hume’s guillotine contains the argument that one cannot derive values from facts. As intelligent systems operate with facts, Hume’s famous dilemma seems to contradict the very idea of being able to create ethical intelligent systems. In a closer look, ethics is a system of rules guiding actions. Actions always have factual or cognitive aspects, as well as evaluative or emotional aspects. Therefore, Hume’s juxtaposition of facts and norms is not well-founded. Instead of separating the facts and norms it should rather ask what kinds of facts are associated to what kinds of norms. Consequently, Hume’s guillotine sets no limits in processing ethical information, as one can combine f…
Cognitive Mimetics for Designing Intelligent Technologies
2018
Design mimetics is an important method of creation in technology design. Here, we review design mimetics as a plausible approach to address the problem of how to design generally intelligent technology. We argue that design mimetics can be conceptually divided into three levels based on the source of imitation. Biomimetics focuses on the structural similarities between systems in nature and technical solutions for solving design problems. In robotics, the sensory-motor systems of humans and animals are a source of design solutions. At the highest level, we introduce the concept of cognitive mimetics, in which the source for imitation is human information processing. We review and discuss so…
Progettare in Sicilia al tempo del «Miracolo Economico»: il sogno di una moderna socialità nelle documentazioni degli archivi di architettura
2021
A sette anni dalla sua fondazione la Regione Autonoma Siciliana a Statuto Speciale, istituita nel 1946, si andava affermando, nel bene e nel male, come un vero “laboratorio politico e amministrativo”. In ambito architettonico il decennio del «Miracolo Economico» in Sicilia si apre con realizzazioni significative dell’avvenuta maturazione di una cultura del progetto che, dopo le pur apprezzabili permanenze novecentiste e gli entusiasti richiami a modi razionalisti oramai datati, ma assai opportuni in quella fase di ristrettezze dell’immediato dopoguerra, aveva saputo maturare sia una peculiare linea neo funzionalista sia contestualizzate declinazioni delle tendenze “altre” rispetto all’irres…
Inverse photonic-crystal-fiber design through geometrical and material scalings
2020
Geometrical and material - i.e., external and internal - scaling symmetries are exploited to obtain approximated analytical expressions for the mode effective index, group index, and chromatic dispersion of a scaled fiber. Our results include material refractive index scaling that changes the numerical aperture. First, the analytical expressions are successfully tested with a conventional step index fiber in a broadband range of wavelengths, from 1 to 2 mu m. Then, we establish a procedure to adapt the analytical expressions to photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) and illustrate its application in a triangular PCF with circular holes. These adapted analytical expressions show good agreement with …
Strategies for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion in Urban Areas: The Erice 50 Charter
2017
The Erice 50 Charter titled "Strategies for Diseases Prevention and Health Promotion in Urban Areas" was unanimously approved at the conclusion of the 50th Residential Course "Urban Health. Instruments for promoting health and for assessing hygienic and sanitary conditions in urban areas", held from 29th March to 2nd April 2017 in Erice, at the "Ettore Majorana" Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture and promoted by the International School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine "G. D'Alessandro" and the Study Group "Building Hygiene" of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (SItI). At the conclusion of the intense learning experience during the Course…
Utopia e distopia nel progetto digitale
2020
Sono passati più di venti anni dalla pubblicazione di Being Digital, il celebre libro di Nicholas Negroponte, all’interno del quale il fondatore del MIT Media Lab affermava che “il passaggio dagli atomi ai bit è irreversibile e inarrestabile”. Tale preannunciata rivoluzione, sembra oggi giunta a una fase più matura coinvolgendo sia la sfera pubblica che quella privata, le professioni, la politica e l’economia. Il digitale, facilitando e razionalizzando di giorno in giorno processi precedentemente analogici, è diventato ubiquo. Se da un lato gli aspetti positivi di queste trasformazioni sono evidenti, altrettanto palesi appaiono le aporie: dalla dipendenza tecnologica al rapporto con i socia…
Retour d’expériences sur le semis-direct sous couvert sans glyphosate
2019
Cet article présente les travaux menés dans le cadre du projet ENGAGED. Ce projet a été initié en 2016 à la demande d'agriculteurs normands qui pratiquent le Semis Direct sous Couvert Permanent de légumineuses pérenne (luzerne, trèfle) dans des rotations avec colza, blé, orge. Il vise à construire des systèmes de cultures basés sur la couverture permanente avec des Indicateurs de Fréquence de Traitements (IFT) herbicide inférieur à 1 sans avoir recours à l’utilisation du glyphosate. La faisabilité technique et les performances économiques des systèmes de cultures seront évaluées. La première phase de ce projet consiste à identifier les leviers existants pour gérer les adventices sous un cou…
Human Research in Technology Design
2021
Modern technology design processes in intelligent societies are different from the classic electromechanical technology design processes. Future technology design must be based as much on human research as on natural scientific thinking. Today one can find technologies such as social media applications which are created with minimal technical effort. Thus, understanding the human dimension of technologies is becoming much more important today than in the time of electromechanical technologies. The change in focus motivates to pay attention to the foundational differences between natural science and human research in technology design. The differences between the two traditions have been dis…
Inclusive Decision-making and Campaign: The Participation of Second Generation Migrants for Preventing Radicalization
2019
This paper deals with the analysis of the first results of Oltre project (ISF - DG Migration and Home Affairs, EU) funding for preventing the radicalization of the second-generation of migrants. The non-standard field research was intertwined with online social network profiles investigation. We present the off-line research results. Starting from the different dimensions of the risk of radicalization proposed by the kaleidoscopic overview of risk factors (Sieckelinck and Gielen 2018: 5; Ranstorp 2016), we created a topic guide for the indepth qualitative interviews collecting 42 interviews of 2G youths (18-30 years) in 7 Italian towns, interviewing also several privileged testimonies. Then…