Search results for "Detectors"

showing 10 items of 2229 documents

Limits on the diffuse flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos using the Pierre Auger Observatory

2012

Abstract The surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to ultra-high energy neutrinos in the cosmic radiation. These particles can interact close to ground, both through charged and neutral currents in the atmosphere (down-going) and, for tau neutrinos, through the Earth-skimming mechanism (up-going) where a tau lepton is produced in the Earth's crust that can emerge and decay in the atmosphere. Both types of neutrino-induced events produce an inclined shower that can be identified by the presence of a broad time structure of signals in the water-Cherenkov detectors. Using data collected from the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we present th…

Pierre Auger ObservatoryPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh energy010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFísicaCosmic rayAstrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAtmosphere13. Climate action0103 physical sciencesDiffuse fluxHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationLepton
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A low-level spectrometer with a planar low-energy HPGe: shielding arrangement tests and system performance for 210Pb determination in air filter samp…

2001

A system for low-energy photon spectrometry using a planar germanium detector with appropriate specifications is presented. A spectrometric background investigation has been carried out with various detector shielding arrangements. The characteristics of the system for measurements of 210Pb in air-particulate matter on filters have been determined.

Planar HPGeSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumRadiation DosageAbsorptiometry PhotonPlanarOpticsRadiation MonitoringShieldingLow-level spectrometer210Pb measurementAir filterPhysicsAir PollutantsRadiationSpectrometerGermaniumbusiness.industryDetectorEnvironmental ExposureLead RadioisotopesEnvironmental exposureSemiconductor detectorchemistryElectromagnetic shieldingHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessAlgorithmsApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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INTEGRAL/SPI ground calibration

2003

Three calibration campaigns of the spectrometer SPI have been performed before launch in order to determine the instrument characteristics, such as the effective detection area, the spectral resolution and the angular resolution. Absolute determination of the effective area has been obtained from simulations and measurements. At 1 MeV, the effective area is 65 cm^2 for a point source on the optical axis, the spectral resolution ~2.3 keV. The angular resolution is better than 2.5 deg and the source separation capability about 1 deg. Some temperature dependant parameters will require permanent in-flight calibration.

Point source[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]FOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation ; Detectors ; Spectrographs ; Space vehicles ; Gamma rays ; ObservationsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAAstrophysics01 natural sciences[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]OpticsSpectrographs0103 physical sciencesCalibrationSource separationAngular resolutionSpectral resolutionspace vehicles: instrumentsInstrumentation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsObservations:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía óptica [UNESCO]instrumentation: spectrographsPhysicsSpectrometer[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryinstrumentation: detectorsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía ópticaGamma raysAntenna apertureAstrophysics (astro-ph)DetectorsSpace vehiclesAstronomy and AstrophysicsOptical axisSpace and Planetary Sciencebusiness:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]gamma rays: observations
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Angular spreading measurements using MeV ion microscopes

2013

Abstract The sharpness of MeV ion microscope images is governed by small-angle scattering and associated lateral spreading of the ion beam in the sample. We have investigated measurement of the half-angle of the angular spreading distribution by characterising the image blurring in direct-Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (direct-STIM). In these tests Mylar™ foils of 0.5–6 μm were used to induce angular spreading. Images were taken of an electron microscope grid using 2 MeV protons with, and without, the foils in the beam path. The blurring was measured by fitting the width of a circular Gaussian point spread function to the images with and without the foil in position. The results show …

Point spread functionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMicroscopeIon beamta114Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryScatteringbusiness.industryIonlaw.inventionOpticslawPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessInstrumentationBeam (structure)FOIL methodField ion microscopeNuclear instruments and methods in physics research section b: beam interactions with materials and atoms
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The positioning system of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

2012

The ANTARES neutrino telescope, located 40km off the coast of Toulon in the Mediterranean Sea at a mooring depth of about 2475m, consists of twelve detection lines equipped typically with 25 storeys. Every storey carries three optical modules that detect Cherenkov light induced by charged secondary particles (typically muons) coming from neutrino interactions. As these lines are flexible structures fixed to the sea bed and held taut by a buoy, sea currents cause the lines to move and the storeys to rotate. The knowledge of the position of the optical modules with a precision better than 10cm is essential for a good reconstruction of particle tracks. In this paper the ANTARES positioning sys…

Positioning systemDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases)Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fieldsDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams)01 natural sciencesTiming detectorshardwareDetector alignment and calibration methods010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationDETECTOR ALIGMENTMathematical PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsSOUND[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Orientation (computer vision)[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]DetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsTriangulation (computer vision)particle-beams)GeodesyDETECTOR CONTROL SYSTEMDetector modelling and simulations II (electric fields charge transport multiplication and induction pulse formation electron emission etc)Física nuclearNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadatabases)sources[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]pulse formationarchitecture[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2DETECTOR MODELLING AND SIMULATIONSDetector modelling and simulations IIalgorithmsPhysics::Geophysics0103 physical sciences14. Life underwaterInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cherenkov radiationetc)multiplication and inductionBuoyDetector control systems010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systemsMooringcharge transport[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Detector alignment and calibration methods (laserselectron emissionFISICA APLICADAdetector modelling and simulations ii (electric fields; antares neutrino telescope; multiplication and induction; charge transport; pulse formation; electron emission; etc); hardware; architecture; timing detectors; detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems; algorithms; databases); sources; detector alignment; calibration.; acoustic positioning; detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers; particle-beams)
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Data-driven estimation of the invisible energy of cosmic ray showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory

2019

The determination of the primary energy of extensive air showers using the fluorescence detection technique requires an estimation of the energy carried away by particles that do not deposit all their energy in the atmosphere. This estimation is typically made using Monte Carlo simulations and thus depends on the assumed primary particle mass and on model predictions for neutrino and muon production. In this work we present a new method to obtain the invisible energy from events detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The method uses measurements of the muon number at ground level, and it allows us to significantly reduce the systematic uncertainties related to the mass composition and th…

Primary energyAstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMonte Carlo methodHadronFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayultra high energy cosmic rays01 natural sciencesNuclear physicscosmic rays0103 physical sciencesExperiments in gravityddc:530High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)DETECTORPierre Auger ObservatoryPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Muon010308 nuclear & particles physicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGénéralitésDETETORESMODEL13. Climate actioncosmic rays detectors ultra high energy cosmic raysExperimental High Energy Physicscosmic rays detectorsNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]cosmologyEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review D
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Characterization of the atmospheric muon flux in IceCube

2015

Muons produced in atmospheric cosmic ray showers account for the by far dominant part of the event yield in large-volume underground particle detectors. The IceCube detector, with an instrumented volume of about a cubic kilometer, has the potential to conduct unique investigations on atmospheric muons by exploiting the large collection area and the possibility to track particles over a long distance. Through detailed reconstruction of energy deposition along the tracks, the characteristics of muon bundles can be quantified, and individual particles of exceptionally high energy identified. The data can then be used to constrain the cosmic ray primary flux and the contribution to atmospheric …

Prompt leptonsleptonAtmospheric muons; Cosmic rays; Prompt leptons; Astronomy and AstrophysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHadronAtmospheric muonsprimary [cosmic radiation]PROTON01 natural sciencesIceCubesurface [detector]atmosphere [muon]NEUTRINO TELESCOPEproduction [muon]PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)ELEMENTAL GROUPSDetectormodel [interaction]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCOSMIC-RAY MUONSENERGY-SPECTRUMvector mesonstatisticsINTRINSIC CHARMddc:540Physique des particules élémentaireshigh [energy]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaatmosphere [showers]Atmosperic muonsexceptionalairflux [muon]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaspectrum [multiplicity]energy spectrumFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayatmosphere [cosmic radiation]Nuclear physicscosmic rays0103 physical sciencesARRIVAL DIRECTIONSVector meson010306 general physicsCosmic raysZenithANISOTROPYMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsSpectral componenttracksMODELPhysics and Astronomy13. Climate actionTEVspectralHigh Energy Physics::ExperimenthadronLepton
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Search for new particles in two-jet final states in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

2010

19 páginas, 2 figuras, 1 tabla.-- et al.(ATLAS Collaboration).

ProtonAtlas detectorPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics beyond the Standard ModelGeneral Physics and AstronomyJet (particle physics)particle physic01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)12.60.Rcddc:550[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]13.87.CeQCPhysicsPACS numbers: 13.85.Rm 12.60.Rc 13.87.Ce 14.80.-jLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)Cross sectionAcceleradors de partículesSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale14.80.-jATLASnumbers: 13.85.Rm3. Good healthDijetsmedicine.anatomical_structureComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGTWO-JETSLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentjetsFinal stateParticle physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Partícules (Física nuclear)Nuclear physicsCross section (physics)Excited QuarksAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicine010306 general physicsIntegrated luminosityProton proton collisionsParton Distributions010308 nuclear & particles physicsATLAS detectorsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaPARTON DISTRIBUTIONS HADRON COLLIDERS EXCITED QUARKS DIJETSHadron CollidersHeavy particlesLHC ; ATLAS ; Collisions ; 7 TeV ; Two jets ; ResonancesExperimental High Energy PhysicsNEW PARTICLESproton-proton collisionsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcollider
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Measurement of visible cross sections in proton-lead collisions at √sNN= 5.02 TeV in van der Meer scans with the ALICE detector

2014

In 2013, the Large Hadron Collider provided proton-lead and lead-proton collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV. Van der Meer scans were performed for both configurations of colliding beams, and the cross section was measured for two reference processes, based on particle detection by the T0 and V0 detectors, with pseudo-rapidity coverage $4.6<\eta< 4.9$, $-3.3<\eta<-3.0$ and $2.8<\eta< 5.1$, $-3.7<\eta<-1.7$, respectively. Given the asymmetric detector acceptance, the cross section was measured separately for the two configurations. The measured visible cross sections are used to calculate the integrated luminosity of the proton-lead and lead-…

ProtonNuclear Theorylarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle tracking detec- tors; Heavy-ion detectors01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Particle tracking detectorsparticle tracking detectors[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Neutron detectionNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)PhysicsDetectorLuminosity measurement3. Good healthPRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics Particle tracking detec- torNucleonParticle Physics - ExperimentLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics ; Particle tracking detectors ; Heavy-ion detectorsParticle physicsParticle tracking detec- torsInstrumentationHeavy-ion detectorsFOS: Physical sciencesLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle tracking detectors; Heavy-ion detectors[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear physicsCross section (physics)p-Pb collisions at the LHC0103 physical sciencesNuclear Physics - Experiment010306 general physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsALICE experimentLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics Particle tracking detec- tors; Heavy-ion detectorsNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.heavy-ion detectorsInstrumentation; Mathematical PhysicsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Measurement of the Charge-Averaged Elastic Lepton-Proton Scattering Cross Section by the OLYMPUS Experiment

2020

Physical review letters 126(16), 162501 (1-6) (2021). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.162501

ProtonPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorselectromagnetic [calorimeter]elastic scatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronmomentum transfer dependence01 natural sciencesEconomicaelectromagnetic form factorsDESY LabNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsElastic scatteringLuminosity (scattering theory)Form factor (quantum field theory)elastic scattering [cross section]recoil [p]beam [positron]target [hydrogen]electromagnetic [form factor]electron-proton scatteringSocio-culturaleFOS: Physical sciences530electron p: scatteringNuclear physicsCross section (physics)PE2_2PE2_10103 physical sciencesform factor [p]p: recoilddc:530cross section: elastic scattering010306 general physicsPE2_3hydrogen: targetNuclear Physicspositron p: scatteringAmbientalepositron-proton scatteringDESYscattering [electron p]form factor: electromagneticscattering [positron p]positron: beamcalorimeter: electromagneticp: form factorPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentspectrometerexperimental resultsLeptonPhysical Review Letters
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