Search results for "Development economics"
showing 10 items of 243 documents
Brazil, Russia, and Turkey: How New Democracies Deal with International Models of Higher Education?
2019
The purpose of this chapter is to address the issue of national translations of international influences and trends in higher education systems, as well as resistance to such paradigms. Three emerging countries, that is, Brazil, Russia, and Turkey, with very different geographical and historical contexts, will be considered as case studies. As young democracies, their strong national sentiment can contradict external recommendations in terms of the management of higher education.
Higher Education in the BRICS: Key Lessons and the Road Ahead
2015
The assumptions, by the volume editors and most contributors, at the beginning of this research adventure were that, despite the ongoing policy discourse surrounding the rise of the BRICS, were characterized by fundamental differences as regards the dynamics within the higher education sector and the links with societal actors on the one hand and macro level trends (such as demography and rising urbanization) on the other. The rich empirical accounts provided in this volume—around the four main themes surveyed—suggest that our assumptions were largely correct. Considerable differences do exist amongst the BRICS.
Changing definitions of Asia
2012
The meaning of Asia has changed drastically during the millennia the concept has been in use. Its usage was established in Greek literature 2,500 years ago as a geographic reference to lands inhabited by the Greeks at the Eastern side of the Aegean Sea. Over the ensuing centuries, Asia’s Western boundary was extended to the rivers Don in the North and Nile in the South. At that time, it hardly contained any definite political or civilisational meanings. These were added to the concept in 1730 in a kind of Swedish–Russian cooperation when the Urals were redefined to form the boundary between Europe and Asia, the former starting to represent progress, and the latter its opposite. This situati…
Inequality and Growth in a Developing Economy: Evidence from Regional Data (Spain, 1860–1930)
2020
ABSTRACTThis article measures inequality at the provincial level in Spain for different benchmark years between 1860 and 1930. It then empirically assesses the relationship between economic growth and inequality. The results confirm that, although growing incomes did not directly contribute to reducing inequality, at least during the early stages of modern economic growth, other processes associated with economic growth such as the rural exodus to urban and industrial centers, the demographic transition, and the spread of literacy, among others, notably improved the situation of the bottom part of the population.
An ‘Authoritarian Nexus’? China’s Alleged Special Relationship with Autocratic States in Latin America
2015
China’s rise is often interpreted as a harbinger of a new era in world politics and raises the question if such a power transition may impact upon patterns of democratic rule across the globe. There is growing interest in whether China acts as an outside stabilizer for other authoritarian regimes. This paper contributes to the emerging literature on the international dimension of autocratic rule by focusing on Chinese Latin American policy. Using the method of structured focused comparisons, we want to assess whether China’s relations towards the Latin American autocracies Cuba and Venezuela differ from those with structurally similar, but democratic cooperation partners in the region, name…
Work-life balance during the COVID-19 outbreak: the case of Latvia
2020
This paper aims to shed light on work-life balance in Latvia during the state of emergency The COVID-19 outbreak has led many governments to introduce lockdowns While imposed restrictions may help to contain the spread of the virus, they may also result in substantial damage to population well-being The COVID-19 outbreak in Latvia demonstrates the extent and ways in which socio-demographics factors have determined different patterns of behaviour, attitudes, employment changes and harmonised work and life balance The study describes the chronological development of COVID-19 in the country It describes labour migration to and from Latvia before the COVID-19 outbreak It provides geographical f…
Exploring Links between Internal and International Migration in Albania: a View from Internal Migrants
2013
Over the last 20years, Albania has experienced sweeping economic and social changes, caused in part by increasing internal and international migration flows. Migration trajectories of Albanians represent a combination of internal, international, and return migration. Whereas scholars have previously focused mainly on international migration, the current research explores the dynamics between internal and international migration. Typically, the internal migration of a family is supported, psychologically and financially, by the international migration of other household members. This paper reports on the influence that social and economic remittances have on the livelihoods of internal migra…
Exploring Why Global Health Needs Are Unmet by Public Research Efforts: The Potential Influences of Geography, Industry, and Publication Incentives
2019
Background It has been well established that research is not addressing health needs in a balanced way: much more research is conducted on diseases with more burden in high-income countries than on those with more burden in lower-income countries. In this study, we explore whether these imbalances persist and inquire about the possible influence of three factors: geography, industry, and publication incentives. Methods We use WHO data on the Global Burden of Disease as a proxy measure of health needs and bibliometric information as a proxy for research efforts. Scientific publications on diseases were collected from MEDLINE using MeSH terms to identify relevant publications. We used Web of …
Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systema…
2020
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Tourism-led growth hypothesis in the top ten tourist destinations: New evidence using the quantile-on-quantile approach
2017
This paper examines the empirical validity of the tourism-led growth hypothesis in the top ten tourist destinations in the world (China, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Russia, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States) using the quantile-on-quantile (QQ) approach and a new index of tourism activity that combines the most commonly used tourism indicators. This methodology, recently introduced by Sim and Zhou (2015), provides an ideal framework with which to capture the overall dependence structure between tourism development and economic growth. The empirical results primarily show a positive relation between tourism and economic growth for the ten countries considered with s…