Search results for "Development"
showing 10 items of 26949 documents
The Arabidopsis PsbO2 protein regulates dephosphorylation and turnover of the photosystem II reaction centre D1 protein
2007
The extrinsic photosystem II (PSII) protein of 33 kDa (PsbO), which stabilizes the water-oxidizing complex, is represented in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) by two isoforms. Two T-DNA insertion ...
A new haemocyanin in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) eggs: sequence analysis and relevance during ontogeny
2014
Abstract Background Haemocyanin is the respiratory protein of most of the Mollusca. In cephalopods and gastropods at least two distinct isoforms are differentially expressed. However, their physiological purpose is unknown. For the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, three isoforms are known so far, whereas for only two of them the complete mRNA sequences are available. In this study, we sequenced the complete mRNA of the third haemocyanin isoform and measured the relative expression of all three isoforms during embryogenesis to reveal a potential ontogenetic relevance. Results The cDNA of isoform 3 clearly correlates to the known Sepia officinalis haemocyanin subunits consisting of eight …
High-Quality Genome Assembly and Annotation of the Big-Eye Mandarin Fish (Siniperca knerii)
2020
Abstract The big-eye mandarin fish (Siniperca knerii) is an endemic species of southern China. It belongs to the family Sinipercidae, which is closely related to the well-known North American sunfish family Centrarchidae. Determining the genome sequence of S. knerii would provide a foundation for better examining its genetic diversity and population history. A novel sequenced genome of the Sinipercidae also would help in comparative study of the Centrarchidae using Siniperca as a reference. Here, we determined the genome sequence of S. knerii using 10x Genomics technology and next-generation sequencing. Paired-end sequencing on a half lane of HiSeq X platform generated 56 Gbp of raw data. R…
Functional genomics of arbuscular mycorrhiza : decoding the symbiotic cell programme
2004
More extensive insight into plant genes involved in the symbiotic programme of arbuscular mycorrhiza is presently being achieved by global approaches that aim to discover novel genes or subsets of genes that are essential to cell programmes in the different steps of plantfungal interactions. The strategy of functional genomics based on large-scale differential RNA expression analyses (differential-display reverse transcriptase - PCR), electronic Northerns, suppressive subtractive hybridization, DNA chips) is presented, with a focus on arbuscular mycorrhiza in Pisum sativum and Medicago truncatula. The most recent knowledge about gene networks that are modulated in roots during arbuscular …
Analysis of plant diversity with retrotransposon-based molecular markers
2010
Retrotransposons are both major generators of genetic diversity and tools for detecting the genomic changes associated with their activity because they create large and stable insertions in the genome. After the demonstration that retrotransposons are ubiquitous, active and abundant in plant genomes, various marker systems were developed to exploit polymorphisms in retrotransposon insertion patterns. These have found applications ranging from the mapping of genes responsible for particular traits and the management of backcrossing programs to analysis of population structure and diversity of wild species. This review provides an insight into the spectrum of retrotransposon-based marker syst…
Overcompensation as a mechanism for maintaining polymorphism: egg-to-adult viability in Drosophila.
1990
Frequency-dependent selection may be accounted for, in ecological terms, by the differential effectiveness of alternative genotypes in exploiting limiting environmental resources. Differentiation in resource exploitation among genotypes implies in turn that a mix of genotypes may exploit more fully the resources than a genetically uniform population, a phenomenon called 'overcompensation' Experiments designed to test for overcompensation whow that highly polymorphic populations can support larger numbers of individuals per food unit than less polymorphic populations. This difference cannot be attributed to the level of individual heterozygosity, which is the same in both types of population…
Molecular markers linked to breeding system differences in segregating and natural populations of the cereal aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L.
1999
The aphid Rhopalosiphum padi shows coexistence of sexual and asexual populations, providing an opportunity to study the evolution of breeding system variation in the context of theories on the origin and maintenance of sex. However, assessments of the distribution of sexual and asexual lineages of this aphid are complicated by the difficulties in rapidly characterizing their breeding system. To facilitate this task and to gain insight into the genetic relatedness between sexual and asexual genotypes, molecular markers linked to breeding system differences were recently developed. In this study, we have successfully converted a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker associated with l…
2006
Aphids are the leading pests in agricultural crops. A large-scale sequencing of 40,904 ESTs from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum was carried out to define a catalog of 12,082 unique transcripts. A strong AT bias was found, indicating a compositional shift between Drosophila melanogaster and A. pisum. An in silico profiling analysis characterized 135 transcripts specific to pea-aphid tissues (relating to bacteriocytes and parthenogenetic embryos). This project is the first to address the genetics of the Hemiptera and of a hemimetabolous insect.
Male house mice that have evolved with sperm competition have increased mating duration and paternity success
2013
Sperm competition imposes strong selection on males to gain fertilizations and maximize paternity. Males have been shown to adapt to sperm competition by modifying their behaviour and/or reproductive physiology. We investigated the fitness effects of male responses to sperm competition in house mice, Mus domesticus. Males that had been evolving with (polygamy) and without (monogamy) sperm competition for 18 generations were subject to different frequencies of social encounters with conspecific males to generate a sperm competition ‘risk’ treatment and a ‘no risk’ treatment. After manipulation of their social environment for 15–22 days, males were forced to compete for fertilizations against…