Search results for "Dielectric Spectroscopy"
showing 10 items of 243 documents
Thermogalvanic effects on the corrosion of copper in heavy brine LiBr solutions
2012
Thermogalvanic corrosion of copper in heavy brine LiBr solutions has been investigated using a zero-resistance ammeter (ZRA). The temperature gradients between copper electrodes immersed in the same LiBr solution result in the formation of thermogalvanic cells with hot anodes, leading to high and sustained thermogalvanic currents. Copper loss rates, calculated using Faraday's law, substantially exceed 0.025mmyear -1, a value regarded as the threshold of low corrosion rates. The effects of thermogalvanic coupling on the surface properties of the anode and the cathode have been analysed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results obtained in this analysis have been r…
Passive and transpassive behaviour of Alloy 31 in a heavy brine LiBr solution
2013
The passive and transpassive behaviour of Alloy 31, a highly alloyed austenitic stainless steel (UNS N08031), has been investigated in a LiBr heavy brine solution (400 g/l) at 25 °C using potentiostatic polarisation combined with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Mott–Schottky analysis. The passive film formed on Alloy 31 has been found to be p-type and/or n-type in electronic character, depending on the film formation potential. The thickness of the film formed at potentials within the passive region increases linearly with applied potential. The film formed at transpassive potentials is thinner and more conductive than the film formed within the passive region. These observations…
An impedance study of complex Al/Cu-Al2O3electrode
2011
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to investigate different Cu deposition regimes on Al surface obtained by internal electrolysis and to characterize properties of fabricated electrodes. EIS experimental data confirmed that Cu deposition by internal electrolysis is realized and the complex electrode system is obtained. The main difficulty in preparation of Al/Cu electrodes is to prevent aluminium oxidation before and during electrochemical deposition of Cu particles. In this work NaCl, CH3COONa, K2SO4, mono- and diammonium citrate electrolytes were examined to determine their suitability for impedance measurements. Al/Cu-Al2O3 electrode composition was approved by equival…
Study of the annealing conditions and photoelectrochemical characterization of a new iron oxide bi-layered nanostructure for water splitting
2016
Iron oxide nanostructures have emerged as promising materials for being used as photocatalysts for hydrogen production due to their advantageous properties. However, their low carrier mobility and short hole diffusion length limit their efficiency in water splitting. To overcome these drawbacks, in the present study, we synthetized a new hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) bi-layered nanostructure consisting of a top nanosphere layer and a nanotubular underneath one by electrochemical anodization. Annealing parameters such as temperature, heating rate and atmosphere were studied in detail in order to determine the optimum annealing conditions for the synthetized nanostructure. The obtained new bi-layere…
Synergistic Use of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Photoelectrochemical Measurements for Studying Solid State Properties of Anodic HfO2
2017
Within the past years, intense research has been carried out on HfO2 as high k material, promising candidate to replace SiO2 as gate dielectric in CMOS based devices (1), and as metal oxide for resistive random access memory (ReRAM) (2). For both technological applications compact, uniform and flat oxides are necessary, and a detailed understanding of their physical properties as a function of the fabrication conditions is strongly. Hafnia performance can be significantly influenced by carrier trapping taking place at pre-existing precursors states (induced by oxygen vacancies, interstitial ions, impurities acting as dopants), or by self-trapping in a perfect lattice, where the potential we…
Microstructure of Ag2BI4(B = Ag, Cd) superionics studied by SEM, impedance spectroscopy and fractal dimension analysis
2008
Two silver ion conducting solid electrolytes, Ag2HgI4 and Ag2CdI4, representing a wide class of AgI-based halogenide superionics have been the subjects of study by means of electrical impedance spectroscopy, SEM, porosity measurements and fractal dimension analysis. Even though both materials have been obtained by the same method under strictly identical conditions they were found to exhibit certain differences at the microstructural level. Thus, by the direct measurements of porosity and density it was found that the grain boundaries are better developed in silver mercuric iodide. On the assumption that pore geometry in the materials under study displays fractal character it was shown that…
Electrochemical performance of activated screen printed carbon electrodes for hydrogen peroxide and phenol derivatives sensing
2019
Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) are widely used for the electroanalysis of a plethora of organic and inorganic compounds. These devices offer unique properties to address electroanalytical chemistry challenges and can successfully compete in numerous aspects with conventional carbon-based electrodes. However, heterogeneous kinetics on SPCEs surfaces is comparatively sluggish, which is why the electrochemical activation of inks is sometimes required to improve electron transfer rates and to enhance sensing performance. In this work, SPCEs were subjected to different electrochemical activation methods and the response to H2O2 electroanalysis was used as a testing probe. Changes in to…
Dielectric Relaxations in Confined Hydrated Myoglobin
2009
In this work we report the results of a broadband dielectric spectroscopy study on the dynamics of a globular protein, myoglobin, in confined geometry, i.e. encapsulated in a porous silica matrix, at low hydration levels, where about only one or two water layers surround the proteins. In order to highlight the specific effect of confinement in the silica host, we compared this system with hydrated myoglobin powders at the same hydration levels. The comparison between the data relative to the two different systems indicates that geometrical confinement within the silica matrix plays a crucial role in protein-water dielectric relaxations, the effect of sol-gel encapsulation being essentially …
Water vapour solubility and conductivity study of the proton conductor BaCe(0.9−x)ZrxY0.1O(3−δ)
2009
Abstract The perovskite BaCe(0.9 − x)ZrxY0.1O(3 − δ) has been prepared by solid state reaction at 1400 °C and conventional sintering at 1700 °C. Water uptake experiments performed between 400 and 600 °C, at a water vapour pressure of 0.02 atm, provide data on the concentration of protons incorporated in the sample. The direct current conductivity has been measured as a function of oxygen partial pressure, at a water vapour partial pressure of 0.015 atm. The total conductivity has been resolved into a p-type and an ionic component using a fitting procedure appropriate to the assumed defect model. An estimation of the protonic component was made by assuming a conductivity isotope effect betwe…
Distribution of relaxation times in 0.5PMN-0.5PSN ceramics
2007
Dielectric properties of chemically ordered and disordered 0.5PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-0.5 PbSc1/2Nb1/2O3 (0.5PMN-0.5PSN) ceramics were investigated in frequency range from 20 Hz to 3 GHz by dielectric spectroscopy. The broad dielectric dispersion, similar to this typically obtained for relaxor ferroelectrics (RFE), was observed in both ceramics below 350 K. The frequency dependence of dielectric permittivity of these ceramics were analyzed in terms of the distribution of relaxation times and showed the splitting into two components at lower temperatures. The longest relaxation times part slows down following Vogel-Fulcher law with lower freezing temperature compare with typical RFE like PbMg1/3Nb2/3…