Search results for "Diffraction"

showing 10 items of 1584 documents

Diseño físico-matemático de un espectrómetro óptico

2016

[EN] This work presents the design and construction of a spectrometer made in the laboratory and the development of mathematical models needed to process and analyze the acquired spectrum. For modeling functions it has been used LabVIEW program. The aim is to bring this type of instrumentation to engineering students from both, physical and mathematical point of view. The application has been successfully integrated in the learning strategies of the course Sensores Fisicos, Master Universitario en Sensores Para Aplicaciones Industriales at the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. As an example, we have characterized different light sources emitting in different regions of the electromagneti…

espectrómetro red de difracción espectro electromagnético05 social sciences050301 educationDiffraction grating01 natural sciencesRed de difracciónSpectrometerlcsh:Education (General)Electromagnetic spectrum0103 physical sciencesEspectrómetro010306 general physicslcsh:L7-9910503 educationEspectro electromagnéticoModelling in Science Education and Learning
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Structure of calcium and zinc pectinate films investigated by FTIR spectroscopy

2010

International audience; Calcium and zinc pectinate gels were prepared using a method which allowed calcium or zinc to diffuse from the cross-linking solution through a dialysis membrane to form a gel with amidated low-methoxyl pectin. The gel thus obtained was then dried, and the film structure was studied using FTIR spectroscopy as a function of the cation content (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% w/v). Important consideration was given to the three functional groups (amide, carboxyl ester, and carboxylate groups) present in the pectin. When the zinc content was increased, the three wavenumber values corresponding to these three functional groups did not change significantly, while for calcium pectina…

food.ingredientPectinCoordination numberInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementZincCalciumBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryDialysis tubingchemistry.chemical_compoundfoodX-Ray DiffractionAmideSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredCarboxylateFourier transform infrared spectroscopyFilmChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicinePectin[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsZincFTIR spectroscopyMicroscopy Electron ScanningPectinsCalcium[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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Supramolecular Hydro- and Ionogels: A Study of Their Properties and Antibacterial Activity.

2017

Diimidazolium-based organic salts, bearing peptides or amino acids as anions have been synthesised and tested for their gelling ability in biocompatible solvents. These low molecular weight salts were successfully used as gelators in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution and ionic liquids. Then, the properties of the obtained soft materials were analysed in terms of melting temperature and gel strength as accounted for by rheological investigations. The gel-phase formation was studied by using UV/Vis and resonance light scattering measurements, whereas the morphology of the soft materials was analysed by using polarised optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. To get informat…

gelantibacterial activity; gels; hydrogels; ionic liquids; ionogels; Chemistry (all)Scanning electron microscopeSupramolecular chemistryIonic Liquids02 engineering and technologyMicrobial Sensitivity Tests010402 general chemistryGram-Positive Bacteria01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundRheologyantibacterial activityX-Ray DiffractionPhase (matter)Gram-Negative BacteriaOrganic chemistryThermal stabilityhydrogelsionic liquidOrganic ChemistryChemistry (all)ImidazolesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAnti-Bacterial AgentsionogelchemistryChemical engineeringionogelsSelf-healing hydrogelsIonic liquidMicroscopy Electron ScanningSolventshydrogel0210 nano-technologyAntibacterial activityRheologyGelsChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Structure and optical properties of a monolayer single crystal of a cyanine dye

1992

Abstract Molecularly thin single crystals of a cyanine dye prepared by adsorption at a charged surfactant monolayer are studied by polarized optical spectroscopy and electron diffraction. Both techniques independently show a herringbone arrangement of the dye with the long axes of translationally inequivalent molecules forming an angle of 80°. The dye arranges in a primitive rectangular unit cell (a=21.2 A, b=6.14 A) adjacent to an epitaxially related hexagonal cell of the aliphatic tails of the surfactant.

genetic structuresChemistryStereochemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyEpitaxychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyElectron diffractionPulmonary surfactantMonolayerMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCyanineSpectroscopySingle crystalChemical Physics Letters
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Stability and disassembly properties of human naïve Hsp60 and bacterial GroEL chaperonins.

2015

Human Hsp60 chaperonin and its bacterial homolog GroEL, in association with the corresponding co-chaperonins Hsp10 and GroES, constitute important chaperone systems promoting the proper folding of several mitochondrial proteins. Hsp60 is also currently described as a ubiquitous molecule with multiple roles both in health conditions and in several diseases. Naïve Hsp60 bearing the mitochondrial import signal has been recently demonstrated to present different oligomeric organizations with respect to GroEL, suggesting new possible physiological functions. Here we present a combined investigation with circular dichroism and small-angle X-ray scattering of structure, self-organization, and sta…

guanidiniun chloride0301 basic medicineGuanidinium chlorideSmall AngleCircular dichroismBiophysicsmacromolecular substancesBiochemistryGroELChaperoninScatteringMitochondrial Proteins03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBacterial ProteinsX-Ray DiffractionScattering Small AngleHumansGuanidinebiologyProtein StabilityCircular DichroismOrganic ChemistryTemperatureGroESSAXSChaperonin 60Hsp60GroELSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)CDcited By 5enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)Denaturation030104 developmental biologychemistryBiochemistryChaperone (protein)biological sciencesbiology.proteinCD; Denaturation; GroEL; Guanidinium chloride; Hsp60; SAXS; Bacterial Proteins; Chaperonin 60; Circular Dichroism; Humans; Mitochondrial Proteins; Protein Stability; Scattering Small Angle; Temperature; X-Ray DiffractionbacteriaHSP60Guanidinium chlorideBiophysical chemistry
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Oxidation-Induced Changes in the ALD-Al2O3/InAs(100) Interface and Control of the Changes for Device Processing

2018

InAs crystals are emerging materials for various devices like radio frequency transistors and infrared sensors. Control of oxidation-induced changes is essential for decreasing amounts of the harmful InAs surface (or interface) defects because it is hard to avoid the energetically favored oxidation of InAs surface parts in device processing. We have characterized atomic-layer-deposition (ALD) grown Al2O3/InAs interfaces, preoxidized differently, with synchrotron hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES), low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis. The chemical environment and core-level shifts are clarified for w…

hapetusMaterials science02 engineering and technologyHigh-electron-mobility transistor01 natural sciences114 Physical scienceslaw.inventionAtomic layer depositionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyInAslawsynchrotron0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Science010302 applied physicsta114business.industryDangling bondatomikerroskasvatus021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIII-V semiconductorCrystallographic defectElastic recoil detectionoxidation (active)Electron diffractionatomic layer depositionOptoelectronicsScanning tunneling microscope0210 nano-technologybusinessphotoelectron
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Revealing lattice disorder, oxygen incorporation and pore formation in laser induced two-photon oxidized graphene

2019

Abstract Laser induced two-photon oxidation has proven to be a reliable method to pattern and control the level of oxidation of single layer graphene, which in turn allows the development of graphene-based electronic and optoelectronic devices with an all-optical method. Here we provide a full structural and chemical description of modifications of air-suspended graphene during the oxidation process. By using different laser irradiation doses, we were able to show via transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, electron diffraction and Raman spectroscopy how graphene develops from its pristine form up to a completely oxidized, porous and amorphous carbon layer. Furt…

hapetusMaterials sciencesäteilytysEELSOxide02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryelektronit01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeraman spectroscopylawphotonsGeneral Materials Scienceta116energiafotonitta114irradiationGrapheneElectron energy loss spectroscopygrafeenioksidiGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserphoto-oxidation0104 chemical scienceslaseritchemistryElectron diffractionChemical engineeringAmorphous carbonoxidation (active)Transmission electron microscopysymbolsTEMgraphene oxideelectron diffraction0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopylasersCarbon
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Review of Particle Physics

2020

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, …

high energyleptonmixing [neutrino]High Energy Physics::LatticeCosmic microwave backgrounddiffractionTechnicolorAstrophysicsOmega01 natural sciencesPhysics Particles & Fieldshiggs-boson productionBig Bang nucleosynthesiscosmological model: parameter spacetaudark energyMonte CarlofieldspentaquarkinstrumentationSettore FIS/01gauge bosonAnomalous magnetic dipole momentdeep-inelastic scatteringnew physicsPhysicsDOUBLE-BETA-DECAYElectroweak interactiondensity [dark matter]HEAVY FLAVOURQuarkoniumreview; particle; physicsSUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODELsquare-root-sPhysics Nucleargrand unified theoryboson: heavystatisticsPhysical SciencesHiggs bosonaxion: massflavor: violationNeutrinoELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKINGnumerical calculations: Monte Carlophysicson-lineS013EPHQuarkheavy [boson]particle[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]Physics Multidisciplinaryanomalous magnetic-momentelectroweak radiative-correctionsdark matter: densityHiggs particlemesonneutrino masses neutrino mixing; neutrino oscillations114 Physical sciencesCHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORYneutrino mixingStandard Modelquark0202 Atomic Molecular Nuclear Particle And Plasma PhysicsNucleosynthesisquantum chromodynamicsCP: violationDark matterddc:530particle physicsStrong Interactions010306 general physicssparticleS013DFgrand unified theoriesPRODUCTIONGauge bosonScience & Technologyneutrino oscillationsneutrino masses010308 nuclear & particles physicsC50 Other topics in experimental particle physicsParticle Data GroupAstronomy and AstrophysicsDeep inelastic scatteringto-leading-order* Automatic Keywords *heavy bosonaxiontables (particle physics)Tetraquarkproton-proton collisionsSupersymmetryhadronneutrino: mixing[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]cosmologyVolume (compression)HIGGS-BOSONUB-VERTICAL-BARcosmological modeldark energy densityexperimental methodsddc:539.72021Physics beyond the Standard Modelstandard modelgroup theoryGeneral Physics and Astronomytables particle physicshigh energy physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsenergy: highE Rev 2016[PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th]Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalephotonSupersymmetryNuclear & Particles Physicsparameter space [cosmological model]dark energy: densityhigh [energy]M013WXfermion-pair productionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHiggs bosonreviewAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstronomy & Astrophysics530dark matterstatistical analysisDouble beta decay0103 physical sciencesconservation lawcold dark-matterTAU LEPTONSAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicstablesDEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERINGelectroweak interactionHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenology750 GeV diphoton excessPRODUCTION CROSS-SECTIONbaryondensity [dark energy]Physics and AstronomygravitationCKM matrix[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::ExperimentsupersymmetryMinimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
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Enrichment and activation of smectite-poor clay

2011

A new method of smectite clay enrichment has been developed. The method is based on dispersing clay in a phosphate solution and sequential coagulation. The product of enrichment is characterized with X-ray powder diffraction, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry. Sorption of methylene blue and hexadecylpyridinium bromide on raw and purified clays was studied.

inorganic chemicalsChemistryInorganic chemistryFluorescence spectrometrySorptionPhosphatecomplex mixturesThermogravimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential thermal analysisClay mineralsPowder diffractionMethylene blueNuclear chemistryIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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A neutron diffraction study of the glass transition in (KBr)0.47(KCN)0.53

1985

Abstract The molecular crystal (KBr) 0.47 (KCN) 0.53 has been investigated by elastic neutron diffraction at the transition from the paraelastic to the orientational glass state. The freezing temperature is characterized by the onset of a momentum transfer dependent broadening of the diffraction lines indicating the transition from a crystalline to an amorphous state.

inorganic chemicalsDiffractionchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyNeutron diffractionMomentum transferPhysics::OpticsGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsAmorphous solidCrystalCrystallographybiological sciencesMaterials ChemistryGlass transitionOrientational glassInorganic compound
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