Search results for "Diffuse"

showing 10 items of 276 documents

A Colorimetric Membrane-Based Sensor with Improved Selectivity towards Amphetamine

2021

Due to their simplicity, speed and low cost, chemical spot tests are increasingly demanded for the presumptive identification of illicit drugs in a variety of contexts such as point-of-care assistance or prosecution of drug trafficking. However, most of the colorimetric reactions used in these tests are, at best, drug class selective. Therefore, the development of tests based on chemical reactions with improved discrimination power is of great interest. In this work, we propose a new colorimetric assay for amphetamine (AMP) based on its reaction with solutions of alkaline gold bromide to form an insoluble yellow–orange derivative. The resulting suspensions are then filtered onto nylon membr…

DrugDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformmedia_common.quotation_subjectamphetaminePharmaceutical Sciencegold bromideBiosensing TechniquesSensitivity and Specificitycolorimetric sensorsArticleAnalytical ChemistryAbsorbancechemistry.chemical_compoundQD241-441BromideSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredDrug DiscoverymedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEphedrineAmphetaminemedia_commonChromatographyIllicit DrugsOrganic ChemistryReproducibility of Resultsdrug analysisSubstance Abuse DetectionMembranechemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineColorimetryillicit drug samplesSelectivitymedicine.drugMolecules
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Spectroscopic properties of pure and Coumarin 153-doped thin films of sol-gel silica xerogels

1999

Abstract Thin-films doped with Coumarin 153, an important laser dye, have been prepared by the sol-gel method. Spectroscopic properties of the entrapped dye are studied by electronic absorption, diffuse reflectance, electronic excitation, emission and time-resolved emission techniques. The obtained results indicate that the entrapment of the dye results in formation of molecular aggregates having absorption and emission characteristics different from those of the monomeric dye. The blue matrix emission band (at approx. 450 nm) is relatively short-lived while the red band (at approx. 700 nm) displays a very long lifetime. Electronic excitation spectra of the sol-gel thin-films suggest that t…

Dye laserChemistryOrganic ChemistryDopingAnalytical chemistryPhysics::OpticsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryDiffuse reflectionAbsorption (chemistry)Thin filmLuminescenceAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSpectroscopyExcitationSol-gelJournal of Molecular Structure
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Carbon dioxide diffuse emission and thermal energy release from hydrothermal systems at Copahue-Caviahue Volcanic Complex (Argentina)

2015

Fil: Chiodini, Giovanni. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Bologna. Bologna, Italia. Fil: Cardellini, Carlo. Università degli Studi di Perugia, Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia. Perugia, Italy. Fil: Lamberti, María C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Agusto, Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Caselli, Alberto Tomás Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología. Río Negro. Argentina. Fil: Liccioli, Caterina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Tambure…

Earth scienceGeochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementThermal energyCO2 DIFFUSETHERMAL ENERGYHydrothermal circulationCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio AmbienteCopahue Volcano CO2 Diffuse Degasingchemistry.chemical_compoundVulcanologíaGeochemistry and PetrologyCalderaCaviahue Calderageographygeography.geographical_feature_categorybusiness.industryFumaroleCopahue Volcano CO2 diffuse degasingSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaGeophysicschemistryVolcanoCAVIAHUE CALDERASoil waterCarbon dioxideCaviahue Caldera Copahue Volcano CO2 diffuse degasing Thermal energyCOPAHUE VOLCANObusinessCO2 fluxCarbonThermal energyGeologyCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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Influenza della copertura superficiale sulle emissioni diffuse di metano da discarica: analisi di casi studio

2015

La quantizzazione delle emissioni di CH4 da discariche rappresenta un tema di rilievo nella gestione dei rifiuti. La capacità emissiva delle discariche, direttamente correlata alla decomposizione anaerobica della sostanza organica in esse smaltita, può durare per decine di anni sebbene la massima produzione di biogas si registra nei primi anni seguenti l’abbancamento dei rifiuti. Nella nota si riferisce dei risultati di alcune campagne di misura eseguite su discariche controllate per rifiuti urbani, dotate di differente tipo di copertura; in particolare, la prima discarica è dotata di capping definitivo, la seconda di capping temporaneo. I risultati ottenuti hanno evidenziato una significat…

Emissioni diffuse metano discarica copertura superficiale
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A Banki–Michell turbine for in-line water supply systems

2017

The design of a novel Banki-Michell type turbine, to be located in existing water pipelines, is proposed. The turbine has a very efficient diffuser which allows the turbine to be compact and, most important, to have in-line flanges for minimal piping modifications at existing sites. This turbine combines a simple geometry with stable efficiency in a wide range of water discharges. The design procedure estimates the outer diameter of the impeller, its width and the geometry of the diffuser. A series of experimental tests has been carried out to measure the efficiency of the proposed turbine prototype. The turbine was tested in two different configurations, with and without rotational velocit…

EngineeringCross-Flow turbine0208 environmental biotechnologyWater supply02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesTurbineSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaHydraulic machineryDiffuser (sewage)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural Engineeringbusiness.industryinline turbinehydraulic machinery designhydraulics of renewable energy systems.Line (electrical engineering)020801 environmental engineeringRenewable energyPipeline transportBanki-Michell turbineCross-flow turbinebusinessMarine engineeringJournal of Hydraulic Research
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Conditional particle filters with diffuse initial distributions

2020

Conditional particle filters (CPFs) are powerful smoothing algorithms for general nonlinear/non-Gaussian hidden Markov models. However, CPFs can be inefficient or difficult to apply with diffuse initial distributions, which are common in statistical applications. We propose a simple but generally applicable auxiliary variable method, which can be used together with the CPF in order to perform efficient inference with diffuse initial distributions. The method only requires simulatable Markov transitions that are reversible with respect to the initial distribution, which can be improper. We focus in particular on random-walk type transitions which are reversible with respect to a uniform init…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesStatistics and ProbabilityComputer scienceGaussianBayesian inferenceMarkovin ketjut02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesStatistics - ComputationArticleTheoretical Computer ScienceMethodology (stat.ME)010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakeAdaptive Markov chain Monte Carlotilastotiede0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringStatistical physics0101 mathematicsDiffuse initialisationHidden Markov modelComputation (stat.CO)Statistics - MethodologyState space modelHidden Markov modelbayesian inferenceMarkov chaindiffuse initialisationbayesilainen menetelmäconditional particle filtersmoothingmatemaattiset menetelmät020206 networking & telecommunicationsConditional particle filterCovariancecompartment modelRandom walkCompartment modelstate space modelComputational Theory and MathematicsAutoregressive modelsymbolsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyParticle filterSmoothingSmoothing
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Influence of Twinning Microstructure of Crystals with Low Tetragonality on a X-Ray Diffraction

2001

The intensity distributions of the X-rays scattered in the tetragonal single crystal, which represent a complex of the twin domains separated by the coherent parallel boundaries, are simulated. The calculations are performed by using the Monte Carlo method within the framework of a kinematical approach. The thickness distributions of the twin domains are defined according to the geometrical, Gaussian and log normal functions. ‘Critical’ effects of the X-ray scattering are found, namely there is transformation of the tetragonal doublet into singlet or multiplet. As demonstrated, each of characteristics of the tetragonal doublet profile depends on a few parameters of the twin microstructure o…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesMaterials sciencetetragonal crystalMaterials Science (miscellaneous)satelliteMetals and AlloystwinsCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructurelcsh:QC1-999diffuse scatteringSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyx-ray diffractionCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityX-ray crystallographyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCrystal twinninglcsh:PhysicsUspehi Fiziki Metallov
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Clinical and radiological features of Forestier's disease presenting with dysphagia

2018

Background Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), also known as Forestier's disease, is a rheumatologic condition characterized by ossification of the spinal ligaments and tendons. Large anterior osteophytes are typically present in the lower cervical levels, while upper cervical ossification resulting in dysphagia is very rare. Methods Here, we presented a patient with Forestier's disease involving massive ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament extending from C3 to C4 downward contributing to severe dysphagia. Results A 65-year-old male presented with cervical pain and dysphagia. The computed tomography of the cervical spine demonstrated massive anterior longitudinal …

Forestier's diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyDisease030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesAnterior longitudinal ligament0302 clinical medicineCervical spinemedicineNon‑surgical optionsDiffuse Idiopathic Skeletal HyperostosisSettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaOssificationbusiness.industrynon-surgical optionsDiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosimedicine.diseaseDysphagiaCervical spineSurgeryStenosismedicine.anatomical_structureRadiological weaponSpine: Image ReportSurgeryNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessdiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis030217 neurology & neurosurgerySurgical Neurology International
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Diffuse soil gas emissions of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) from hydrothermal-volcanic systems: An innovative approach by using the static closed-c…

2016

This study was aimed to test a new methodological approach to carry out measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) diffusively emitted from soils in hydrothermal-volcanic environments. This method was based on the use of a static closed-chamber (SCC) in combination with a Lumex® RA-915M analyzer that provides GEM measurements in a wide range of concentrations (from 2 to 50,000 ng m-3). Gas samples were collected at fixed time intervals from the SCC positioned on the ground (time-series samples). The Lumex® inlet port was equipped with a three-way Teflon valve allowing the free entrance of air through a carbon trap, in order to: (i) prevent disturbance to the Lumex® operative flow rate …

GEM flux Diffuse soil degassing Air pollutant Hydrothermal gas010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCalibration curveMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementGEM flux010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesImpact craterGeochemistry and PetrologyEnvironmental Chemistry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorySoil gasAir pollutantHydrothermal gasDiffuse soil degassingInletPollutionSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaVolumetric flow rateMercury (element)chemistryContour lineSoil waterFluid geochemistryApplied Geochemistry
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Search for Neutrino‐induced Cascades from Gamma‐Ray Bursts with AMANDA

2007

Using the neutrino telescope AMANDA-II, we have conducted two analyses searching for neutrino-induced cascades from gamma-ray bursts. No evidence of astrophysical neutrinos was found, and limits are presented for several models. We also present neutrino effective areas which allow the calculation of limits for any neutrino production model. The first analysis looked for a statistical excess of events within a sliding window of 1 or 100 seconds (for short and long burst classes, respectively) during the years 2001-2003. The resulting upper limit on the diffuse flux normalization times E^2 for the Waxman-Bahcall model at 1 PeV is 1.6 x 10^-6 GeV cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 (a factor of 120 above the the…

Gamma rays: burstsNormalization (statistics)PhysicsRange (particle radiation)MuonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGamma rays: bursts; Neutrinos; TelescopesAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysicsCoincidenceSpace and Planetary ScienceCascadeAstronomiaDiffuse fluxHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinosNeutrinoGamma-ray burstTelescopesThe Astrophysical Journal
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