Search results for "Diffuse"

showing 10 items of 276 documents

Quality Control of Agrochemical Formulations by Diffuse Reflectance near Infrared Spectrometry

2008

A near infrared (NIR)-based methodology has been developed for the determination of 11 pesticides in commercially available formulations. This solvent free, fast and environmentally friendly method was based on the direct measurement of the diffuse reflectance spectra of solid samples, a hierarchical cluster classification and the use of multivariate calibration models to determine each considered active principle in agrochemicals. The proposed partial least squares (PLS) models used for quantification of each compound were built from specific calibration sets composed of nine spectra corresponding to triplicate measurements of a single well characterised commercial sample and two addition…

Materials scienceQuality (physics)Solvent freeAgrochemicalbusiness.industryNear-infrared spectroscopyAnalytical chemistryNear-Infrared SpectrometryDiffuse reflectionbusinessEnvironmentally friendlySpectroscopyJournal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy
researchProduct

Catalytic oxidation of n-hexane promoted by Ce1-xCuxO2 catalysts prepared by one-step polymeric precursor method

2013

Abstract Ceria-supported copper catalysts (Ce1−xCuxO2, with x (mol) = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.10) were prepared in one step through the polymeric precursor method. The textural properties of the catalysts were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, N2-physisorption (BET surface area), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), UV–visible diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopies and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). In a previous study ceria-supported copper catalysts were found to be efficient in the preferential oxidation of CO. In this study, we extended the catalytic application of Ce1−xCuxO2 systems to n-hexane oxidation and it was verified tha…

Materials scienceRietveld refinementInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsCopperlaw.inventionCatalysisHexanechemistry.chemical_compoundCatalytic oxidationchemistrylawGeneral Materials ScienceDiffuse reflectionDIFRAÇÃO POR RAIOS XElectron paramagnetic resonanceBET theory
researchProduct

Characterization and photoactivity of coupled ZnO-ZnWO4 catalysts prepared by a sol-gel method

2014

Abstract ZnO–ZnWO4 nanocomposites were synthesized by a novel sol–gel method and characterized through X-ray diffraction, BET specific surface area analysis, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated using the degradation of 4-nitrophenol under UV light as probe reaction. The ZnO/ZnWO4 molar ratio was varied in order to study its influence on the photoefficiency of the mixed samples. The ZnO–ZnWO4 nanocomposites showed higher photoactivity than ZnO and ZnWO4. The high efficiency of the mixed samples was explained by the coupling and the intimate contact of two different…

Materials scienceValence (chemistry)NanocompositeDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformScanning electron microscopeProcess Chemistry and TechnologyCoupled semiconductorsAnalytical chemistryCatalysisPhotocatalysiTransmission electron microscopySpecific surface areaPhotocatalysisZnO-ZnWO4 nanocompositeSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSol-gel methodGeneral Environmental ScienceSol-gel
researchProduct

Improved noncontact optical sensor for detection of glucose concentration and indication of dehydration level.

2014

The ability to extract different bio-medical parameters from one single wristwatch device can be very applicable. The wearable device that is presented in this paper is based on two optical approaches. The first is the extraction and separation of remote vibration sources and the second is the rotation of linearly polarized light by certain materials exposed to magnetic fields. The technique is based on tracking of temporal changes of reflected secondary speckles produced in the wrist when being illuminated by a laser beam. Change in skin’s temporal vibration profile together with change in the magnetic medium that is generated by time varied glucose concentration caused these temporal chan…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryNoninvasive Optical DiagnosticsLinearly polarized lightmedicine.diseasePolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldVibrationSpeckle patternOpticsmedicineDiffuse reflectionDehydrationsense organsbusinessLaser beamsBiotechnologyBiomedical optics express
researchProduct

Combined multi-wavelength laser speckle contrast imaging and diffuse reflectance imaging for skin perfusion assessment

2019

Abstract Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) is a powerful low-cost method for visualization of flow, microcirculation and blood perfusion. Due to the fact that diseased and healthy tissues has different blood perfusion, LSCI can be a perspective tool for cancer diagnostics and discrimination between different types of tissues. Previously, multispectral diffuse reflectance imaging method for melanoma diagnostics has been introduced. In this work, multi-wavelength (532-, 655- and 850- nm) LSCI technique combined with hyperspectral camera and diffuse reflectance imaging method will be used for assessment of tissues with different skin perfusion properties. An in vivo experiment with occlusi…

Materials scienceskin cancerspeckle imagingmedicine.diagnostic_testhyperspectral imagingMultispectral imageHyperspectral imagingskin perfusionMicrocirculationSpeckle patternSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingSpeckleOptical coherence tomographymedicine/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingSpeckle imagingDiffuse reflectionspeckle contrastPerfusionBiomedical engineeringNovel Biophotonics Techniques and Applications V
researchProduct

Prediction of alkaline earth elements in bone remains by near infrared spectroscopy.

2016

An innovative methodological approach has been developed for the prediction of the mineral element composition of bone remains. It is based on the use of Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) diffuse reflectance measurements. The method permits a fast, cheap and green analytical way, to understand post-mortem degradation of bones caused by the environment conditions on different skeletal parts and to select the best preserved bone samples. Samples, from the Late Roman Necropolis of Virgen de la Misericordia street and En Gil street located in Valencia (Spain), were employed to test the proposed approach being determined calcium, magnesium and strontium in bone remains and sediments. Coef…

Mean squared errorMineralogychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyResidual01 natural sciencesBone and BonesAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakeMetals Alkaline EarthSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredHumansMagnesiumBone mineralStrontiumSpectroscopy Near-InfraredChemistryFossils010401 analytical chemistryNear-infrared spectroscopyReproducibility of Results021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesDiagenesisFourier transformSpainStrontiumsymbolsCalciumDiffuse reflection0210 nano-technologyTalanta
researchProduct

Ionic-liquid doped polymeric composite as passive colorimetric sensor for meat freshness as a use case.

2020

Abstract A composite membrane containing 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NQS) embedded in an ionic liquid (IL)- polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)- tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)- SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) polymeric matrix is proposed. The selected IL was 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (OMIM PF6). It is demonstrated that ILs chemical additives of PDMS influenced the sol-gel porosity. The sensor analytical performance for ammonia atmospheres has been tested as a function of sampling time (between 0.5 and 312 h), temperature (25 °C and 4 °C) and sampling volume (between 2L and 22 mL) by means of diffuse reflectance measurements and sensor photos, which can be registe…

MeatPolydimethylsiloxanePolymers010401 analytical chemistryComposite numberNQSAnalytical chemistryIonic Liquids02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySilicon Dioxide01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryTetraethyl orthosilicatechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryHexafluorophosphateIonic liquidColorimetryDiffuse reflection0210 nano-technologyPorosityTalanta
researchProduct

Hyperspectral solar spectral measurements and applications

2007

Measurements of hyperspectral solar irradiance from aircraft and satellite are applied to a variety of cloud and aerosol remote sensing, and radiative energy budget applications.

MeteorologyIrradianceDiffuse sky radiationRadiant energyHyperspectral imagingSolar irradiancePhysics::Space PhysicsRadiative transferEnvironmental scienceSatelliteAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsOptical depthRemote sensing
researchProduct

More than Pneumonia: Distinctive Features of SARS-Cov-2 Infection. From Autopsy Findings to Clinical Implications: A Systematic Review

2020

Despite safety recommendations for the management of corpses with COVID-19 infection and the high number of deaths worldwide, the post-mortem investigation rate is extremely low as well as the scientific contributions describing the pathological features. The first results of post-mortem investigations provided interesting findings and contributed to promoting unexplored therapeutic approaches and new frontiers of research. A systematic review is provided with the aim of summarizing all autopsy studies up to February 2020 in which a complete post-mortem investigation in patients with COVID-19 disease was performed, focusing on histopathological features. We included case reports, case serie…

Microbiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyARDSAutopsyReviewDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCytokine stormMicrobiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineautopsyVirologymedicineMedical historydiffuse alveolar damage (DAD)acute kidney injury (AKI)Intensive care medicineProspective cohort studyPathologicallcsh:QH301-705.5COVID-19; autopsy; diffuse alveolar damage (DAD); acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); microthrombosis; acute kidney injury (AKI); cytokine stormmicrothrombosisbusiness.industryGold standardacute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)COVID-19medicine.diseasePneumonialcsh:Biology (General)030220 oncology & carcinogenesiscytokine stormmicrothrombosibusinessMicrothrombosis.Microorganisms
researchProduct

Influence of platinum on catalytic activity of polycrystalline WO3 employed for phenol photodegradation in aqueous suspension

1998

Abstract A series of polycrystalline WO3 solids loaded with platinum (0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 3.0 wt%) were prepared and characterised by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, specific surface areas determination, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. XPS and X-ray results indicate that the samples loaded with Pt up to 1 wt% contained on the surface mainly Pt(2+) species, while those loaded with higher amounts contained Pt(0). Moreover, the samples were employed for a probe reaction, i.e. phenol photooxidation in aqueous suspension, and their photoactivity was compared with that of two TiO2 commercial samples, mainly in the anatase phase. All the Pt–WO3 sa…

Muconic acidAnataseHydroquinoneDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPhenolPhotodegradationPlatinum
researchProduct