Search results for "Digest"
showing 10 items of 3038 documents
Aerosolized GLP-1 for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Irritable Bowel Syndrome
2014
Diabetes is a global burden and the prevalence of the disease, in particular diabetes mellitus type 2 is rapidly increasing worldwide. After introduction of insulin into clinical therapy about 90 years ago a major number of pharmaceuticals has been developed for treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. One of these, the incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), like insulin, needs subcutaneous administration causing inconvenience to patients. However, administration of GLP-1 plays also a role for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). To improve patient convenience inhaled insulin (Exubera®) was developed and approved but failed market acceptance some years ago. Recently, another inhala…
Pectin as Drug-Release Vehicle
2020
Pectin as a natural biopolymer is extensively used for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, essentially due to its gelling properties that could be influenced by pectin sources and extraction methods. This chapter focuses on an overview of pectin drug delivery systems classified by their administration routes. Oral drug delivery systems have been mainly developed, as pectin could be used in tablets as binder or matrix excipients and in microparticles/beads obtained by ionotropic gelation. The main objective is to target the colon, as pectin is resistant in acidic pH and sensitive to pectinolytic enzymes in the colon. To obtain suitable properties, pectin could be used in its native s…
Loss of histone macroH2A1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells promotes paracrine-mediated chemoresistance and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells activa…
2020
Rationale: Loss of histone macroH2A1 induces appearance of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-like cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). How CSCs interact with the tumor microenvironment and the adaptive immune system is unclear. Methods: We screened aggressive human HCC for macroH2A1 and CD44 CSC marker expression. We also knocked down (KD) macroH2A1 in HCC cells, and performed integrated transcriptomic and secretomic analyses. Results: Human HCC showed low macroH2A1 and high CD44 expression compared to control tissues. MacroH2A1 KD CSC-like cells transferred paracrinally their chemoresistant properties to parental HCC cells. MacroH2A1 KD conditioned media transcriptionally reprogrammed parental …
Lumevis ™: a new medical device to prepare patients for esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Experimental clinical study.
2020
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) is the gold standard exam for upper gastrointestinal diseases. EGDS is very important in Early Gastric Cancer diagnosis and treatment but it is an operator-dependent exam and there are lots of factors that reduce its visibility (mucus, bubbles and foam).The aim of our study is to evaluate if the use of Lumevis™ improves mucosa visualization during EGDS without increasing the examination time and complications' rate and comparing the differences in patients prepared with water or no intervention.we recruited 50 patients from 01/08/2020 to 31/08/2020 who came to our observation for epigastric pain, dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). For each patien…
ILEO BILIARE: DIAGNOSI E TRATTAMENTO. CASE REPORT
2006
The authors present a case of gallstone intermittent ileus caused by the passage of a big gallstone (about 4 cm in diameter) in the intestinal lumen, through a cholecystoduodenal fistula. They emphasize the peculiarity of the case for the characteristics of symptoms and for casual diagnostic check-up with a ultrasonography. The disease is not frequently diagnosed; today it has a safe recognition by modern imaging. The symptoms can be intermittent and, even when there are the classic signs of intestinal occlusion, the site of the occlusion is various. With a timely endoscopical or surgical approach (open or laparoscopic) it is possible to reduce mortality of patients treated in emergency.
“Rationally Local”: Consumer Participation in Alternative Food Chains
2015
Why are consumers increasingly participating in alternative food chains to co-produce and distribute foods with farmers? In this paper, values and food-related lifestyles, as well as transaction costs and socio-demographics, are used to analyze consumer participation in alternative food chains in Italy. Using a simultaneous system of equations, a model with instrumental variables is implemented to measure the relationships between values and food-related lifestyles, and between the latter and participation in an alternative food chain. Our results show that Italian participants in alternative food chains have the profile of rational shoppers who typically look at price and taste criteria. A…
Laboratory investigations on co-digestion of energy crops and crop residues with cow manure for methane production: Effect of crop to manure ratio
2007
Abstract Anaerobic co-digestion of grass silage, sugar beet tops and oat straw with cow manure was evaluated in semi-continuously fed laboratory continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). Co-digestion of manure and crops was shown to be feasible with feedstock volatile solids (VS) containing up to 40% of crops. The highest specific methane yields of 268, 229 and 213 l CH4 kg−1 VSadded in co-digestion of cow manure with grass, sugar beet tops and straw, respectively, were obtained with 30% of crop in the feedstock, corresponding to 85–105% of the methane potential in the substrates as determined by batch assays. Including 30% of crop in the feedstock increased methane production per digeste…
Acute toxicity tests using earthworms to estimate ecological quality of compost and digestate
2017
Ecological quality of compost and digestate, used as fertilizers for agricultural use, was assessed through an acute ecotoxicological bioassay testing the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Annelida). The test evaluates the earthworm’s attitude to dig within 15 min into a soil medium constituted by a mixture of a standardized soil and different concentrations of compost/digestate. According to different classes of behavior responses, the sample is classified as good or bad quality (ON/OFF). The validity of this test was confirmed comparing the observations with the results from a standard chronic test developed by OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). Considering samples fro…
Analysis of protein composition of red wine in comparison with rosé and white wines by electrophoresis and high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass s…
2009
Wine proteins not only influence wine stability but are also being discussed as potential allergens. Proteins from red, rose, and white wines were enriched by dialysis and lyophilization followed by separation by SDS-PAGE. Significant differences were detected in the protein compositions of the analyzed wine varieties, and the major protein bands were identified by mass spectrometry after in-gel digestion with trypsin. In German Portugieser red wine, a total of 121 tryptic peptides were identified, which were attributed to 12 grape proteins and 6 proteins derived from yeast. Among the identified constituents are several proteins considered to influence wine stability and previously describe…
Quantitative electron microscopic observations on Paneth cells of germfree and ex-germfree Wistar rats.
1986
Ultrastructural changes of Paneth cells of germfree (Gf) rats which had been inoculated with bacteria-containing feces from conventionally-reared (SPF) rats were quantitatively examined. 12 and 24 h after inoculation, the Paneth cells showed a striking decrease in the number of secretory granules and the occurrence of large vacuoles. Phagosomes containing bacteria were not seen. After 4 days, the secretory granules reaccumulated and smooth-surfaced apical vesicles increased in number. It is discussed that the large vacuoles may be related to membrane-retrieval events following the massive extrusion of secretory granules whereas the apical vesicles appear to serve this function when exocytos…