Search results for "Digest"

Epidemiology and risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

2013

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma will soon cease to be a rare form of cancer for people born after 1940. In many Western countries, its incidence has increased more rapidly than other digestive cancers. Incidence started increasing in the Seventies in England and USA, 15 years later in Western Europe and Australia. The cumulative risk between the ages of 15 and 74 is particularly striking in the UK, with a tenfold increase in men and fivefold increase in women in little more than a single generation. Prognosis is poor with a 5-year relative survival rate of less than 10%. The main known risk factors are gastro-oesophageal reflux, obesity (predominantly mediated by intra-abdominal adipose tissues)…

European evidence based consensus for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease.

2013

Endoscopy plays an essential role in the diagnosis, management, prognosis, and surveillance of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but surprisingly there are few available guidelines.1,2 This prompted the ECCO Guidelines Committee (GuiCom) members to promote a Consensus on the appropriate indication and application of different endoscopic modalities in IBD. Since the development of guidelines is an expensive and time-consuming process, this Consensus may help to avoid duplication of effort in the future. It may also identify issues where the evidence is lacking and controlled studies are awaited. The strategy to reach the Consensus involved five steps: 1. Two members of the GuiCom (VA and RE)…

Cardiac complications after laparoscopic large hiatal hernia repair. Is it related with staple fixation of the mesh? -Report of three cases

2015

Introduction Laparoscopic Nissen operation with mesh reinforcement remains being the most popular operation for large hiatal hernia repair. Complications related to mesh placement have been widely described. Cardiac complications are rare, but have a fatal outcome if they are misdiagnosed. Presentation of cases We sought to outline our institutional experience of three patients who developed cardiac complications following a laparoscopic Nissen operation for large hiatal hernia repair. Discussion Laparoscopic hiatoplasty and Nissen fundoplication are safe and effective procedures for the hiatal hernia repair, but they are not exempt from complications. Fixation technique and material used m…

Postnatal weight change is influenced by mother-newborn pair leptin levels

2000

We investigated serum leptin levels in 103 mother-newborn-pairs; Cord leptin was significantly higher than mother's leptin (5.7 ± 5.5 vs. 22.1 ± 19.9 ng/ml; p <0.001). Cord leptin was significantly higher in females than males (6.9 ± 6.3 vs. 3.9 ± 3.6 ng/ml respectively; p <0.001), and correlated with maternal leptin (r = 0.24; p = 0.001), gestational age (r = 0.54; p <0.001), and birth weight (r = 0.56; p <0.001). Neonatal leptin at the 4(th) day significantly correlated with percent weight loss in the first four days of life. These observations shed light on the origin of cord leptin and on the role of leptin in postnatal weight loss. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc.

Sphincter damage during fistulotomy for perianal fistulae and its relationship with faecal incontinence.

2021

Abstract Background The length of sphincter which can be divided during fistulotomy for perianal fistula is unclear. The aim was to quantify sphincter damage during fistulotomy and determine the relationship between such damage with symptoms and severity of faecal incontinence and long-term quality of life (QOL). Methods A prospective cohort study was performed over a 2-year period. Patients with intersphincteric and mid to low transsphincteric perianal fistulas without risk factors for faecal incontinence were scheduled for fistulotomy. All patients underwent 3D endoanal ultrasound (3D-EAUS) pre-operatively and 8 weeks postoperatively. Measurements were taken of pre- and postoperative anal…

Martius flap and sphincteroplasty as treatment for recurrent anovaginal fistula associated with anal incontinence: a video vignette

2020

Very Early Presentation of Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction Causing Portal Hypertension in an Infant: Uncertainties in the Management and Therape…

2016

Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction, although rare in children, is a significant cause of portal hypertension (PHT) leading to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding in the pediatric age group. PHT may also lead to other complications such as hyperesplenism, cholangyopathy, ascites, and even hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension that may require organ transplantation. Herein we report the case of an asymptomatic 11-month-old infant wherein a hepatomegaly and cavernous transformation of the portal vein was detected by liver ultrasound. Neither signs of thrombosis in arteriovenous system, nor affectation of biliary tract were identified in the magnetic resonance imagin…

Indirect estimation of stomach volume of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

2005

The main hypothesis of this study was that if stomach volume is correlated with food intake it can be estimated without laborious and destructive direct measurement. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), ca. 500^1300 g, were starved for 1, 4, 8 or16 days at151C after which they were fed in excess with dry pellets containing known amounts of X-raydense markers. Immediately after feeding the ¢sh were killed, X rayed and weighed. Then the stomach was dissected, its contents removed and weighed, and stomach volume was measured. X-ray plates were developed and feed intake was estimated based on the amount of marker. All measured variables correlated positively with stomach volume. The be…

Incidence of Staphylococcus aureus in meals from cafeterias

2002

A study to determine the incidence of Staphylococccus aureus in 705 meals from several cafeterias in Valencia, Spain was undertaken. Out of the 705 studied meals, 81 samples (I I. I %) had coagulase positive staphylococci with a range of S. aureus from 100 to 53000 cfu/g. me four highest values (> l0,ooO S. aureus &/g) were obtained with Russian type salad, meatballs, chicken croquettes and salad. These products involved more handling stages. These data show that food handlers may contribute to food poisoning and that there are some handling practices that require more attention.

Ultrasonography and gastric emptying: evaluation in infants with gastroesophageal reflux.

1992

We have applied ultrasonography to the evaluation of gastric emptying in children. Two different populations have been investigated: normal children and children with gastroesophageal reflux. All the patients were less than 6 months of age. The diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux was defined by 24-h pH measurement. The technique, used to measure gastric emptying, is the one described by Bolondi et al. In this research we used the simplified method. All children had been submitted to the examination after 4-h fasting. The standard meal was the usual milk formula, 300 ml/m2 body surface area (BSA). A cross-section area of the gastric antrum was determined before a meal and every 15 min for 2…