Search results for "Digestive System"
showing 10 items of 1747 documents
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour of the rectum: Report of a case and review of literature
2008
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is a rare tumour of the gastrointestinal tract which does not generally originate in the rectum. The authors describe a case of a 70-year-old man who underwent an anterior resection of the rectum for a low-risk GIST. The patient was not given adjuvant chemotherapy with imatinib and is still disease-free 30 mo after surgery. The authors conclude that although rectal GIST is extremely uncommon, it should be included in differential diagnosis when a tumour in the rectum is detected. Biopsy of the tumour is essential, since this makes it possible to reach a sure preoperative diagnosis based on the immunohistological features of the CD117 and CD34. Although…
Enteroscopic Cyanoacrylate Sclerotherapy of Jejunal and Gallbladder Varices in a Patient with Portal Hypertension
2001
Bleeding from varices outside the gastroesophageal region is a rare, but regularly reported complication of portal hypertension. The treatment differs from the management of esophageal and gastric varices. We present here a report on the diagnosis and treatment of bleeding jejunal and gallbladder varices in a man with portal hypertension caused by chronic calcifying pancreatitis. The patient was suffering from recurrent, frequent, and massive gastrointestinal bleeding from varices at the anastomotic area of a cholecystojejunostomy. For diagnostic purposes, we carried out percutaneous Duplex ultrasonography and push enteroscopy with the Doppler technique. The treatment of varices in this are…
Significance of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in exocrine pancreatic amino acid transport.
1991
The exocrine pancreas is rich in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) and exhibits high rates of amino acid transport and protein synthesis. The role of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in mediating neutral amino acid transport in the isolated perfused rat pancreas was investigated using acivicin, an inhibitor of GGT, and a rapid dual isotope dilution technique. When treatment in vivo with acivicin (50 mg/kg) was followed 1 h later by continuous perfusion of the isolated pancreas with 10 microM acivicin, GGT levels decreased from 53 +/- 3 IU/g to 4.9 +/- 1.5 IU/g. This marked inhibition of GGT activity was not associated with decreased uptake for either L-alanine or L-glutamine, suggestin…
Re-treatment of Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Who Do Not Respond to Peginterferon-[alpha]2b: A Randomized Trial
2009
BACKGROUND Many patients with chronic hepatitis C have not responded to therapy with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. OBJECTIVE To evaluate use of peginterferon-alpha2a plus ribavirin to re-treat nonresponders to peginterferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin. DESIGN Randomized, parallel-group trial conducted between September 2003 and February 2007. Patients and researchers were not blinded to intervention assignment. Random assignment was centralized, computer-generated, and stratified by geographic region, hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype, and histologic diagnosis. SETTING 106 international centers. PATIENTS 950 nonresponders to 12 or more weeks of therapy with peginterferon-alpha2b plus ribav…
Peginterferon alfa-2b and Ribavirin: Effective in Patients With Hepatitis C Who Failed Interferon alfa/Ribavirin Therapy
2009
Treatment with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin produces a sustained virologic response (SVR) in approximately 60% of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. Alternate options are needed for patients who relapse or do not respond to therapy.This prospective, international, multicenter, open-label study evaluated efficacy and safety of peginterferon alfa-2b (1.5 microg/kg/wk) plus weight-based ribavirin (800-1400 mg/day) in 2333 chronic HCV-infected patients with significant fibrosis/cirrhosis whose previous interferon alfa/ribavirin therapy failed. Patients with undetectable HCV-RNA at treatment week (TW) 12 received 48 weeks of therapy; patients with detectable HCV-RNA at TW12 could ent…
Muscle degeneration in inguinal hernia specimens.
2012
BACKGROUND: There are few articles in the literature reporting the histological changes of groin structures affected by inguinal hernia. A deeper knowledge of this matter could represent an important step forward in the identification of the causes of hernia protrusion. This study aimed to recognise the pathological modifications of muscular structures in autopsy specimens excised from tissues surrounding the hernia orifice. METHODS: Inguinal hernia was identified in 30 autopsied cadavers, which presented different varieties of hernia, including indirect, direct and mixed. Tissue specimens were resected for histological study from structures of the inguinal area surrounding the hernia openi…
Ileocecal duplication cysts: is the loss of the valve always necessary?
2014
Abstract Background Ileocecal (IC) duplication cysts are enteric duplications located at the IC junction, not clearly identified in all the published series. The reported treatment is IC resection and ileocolic anastomosis. It is well known that the loss of the IC valve has several adverse effects. This study is aimed at demonstrating that cyst removal together with the common ileal wall and following enterorrhaphy is possible, safe, and effective in preserving the IC region. Methods Medical records of 3 patients who underwent surgery for IC duplication between 2003 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed evaluating follow-up results. Results All patients had an antenatal diagnosis of intraa…
Real-time ultrasound in Crohn's disease: characteristic features and clinical implications.
1986
Thirty-two children with Crohn's disease were evaluated by real-time ultrasonography. The typical pattern of Crohn's disease caused by bowel wall thickening is the “bull's eye phenomenon”, the elongated tubular stiff bowel loop with narrowing of the lumen and the small bowel conglomerate tumor. In indefinable abdominal complaints sonography may lead to the correct diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of similar sonographic features and the limitations of ultrasound in gastrointestinal disease must be considered. In proven Crohn's disease the findings in follow-up match the clinical course and may delineate complications, such as ileus, abscess, hydronephrosis, gallstones or involvement of …
External hernia of the supravesical fossa: Rare or simply misidentified?
2017
Abstract Background External hernias of the supravesical fossa are considered rare, perhaps wrongly. Highlighting clinical and anatomical features could be useful for correct, preoperative diagnosis, thus avoiding the risk of complications such as incarceration. The study aims to demonstrate that the incidence of external protrusions of the supravesical fossa is higher that supposed. Probably, being mistaken for direct hernias, these hernia types are misidentified and not included in current classifications. This issue deserves attention due to the elevated risk of incarceration related to its distinctive structure. Material and methods 249 consecutive open anterior inguinal hernia procedur…
Complex long-segment intestinal dysganglionosis.
2000
A case is reported with aganglionosis of the rectum, sigma, and descending colon; dysganglionosis with heterotopic ganglionic cells in the muscularis propria of the hypoganglionic transverse colon; and extreme hypoganglionosis (without detection of ganglionic cells) of the ascending colon and distal ileum. The ileum showed a transition zone with hypoganglionosis and intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) type B. As to the etiology of such complex intestinal innervation defects, pre- and perinatal perfusion deficits must be considered because their localization seems to be linked to the vascular anatomy of the colon. Early diagnosis may be difficult, causing a delay in operative treatment and m…