Search results for "Digestive System"
showing 10 items of 1747 documents
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) in neuro-olfactory tissues: expression, regulation, and function.
2010
International audience; This work aims to review uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) expression and activities along different neuronal structures involved in the common physiological process of olfaction: olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, and olfactory cortex. For the first time, using high-throughput in situ hybridization data generated by the Allen Brain Atlas (ABA), we present quantitative analysis of spatial distribution of UGT genes in the mouse brain. The olfactory area is a central nervous system site with the highest expression of UGTs, including UGT isoforms not previously identified in the brain. Since there is evidence of the transfer of xenobiotics to th…
Weekly treatment with irinotecan, folinic acid and infusional 5-fluorouracil (ILF) in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
2003
Although 5-fluorouracil remains the mainstay of treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC), no standard chemotherapy regimen exists. Combinations of irinotecan with folinic acid and infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (ILF) have shown good efficacy with acceptable toxicity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. At present, only sparse data on ILF are available for AGC. Therefore we conducted a prospective study of this combination in 25 consecutive patients with metastatic gastric cancer. Median age was 63 years, 10 had received prior chemotherapy and 13 presented initially with peritoneal carcinosis. Treatment consisted of irinotecan 80 mg/m2, folinic acid 500 mg/m2 and infusional 5-…
Biweekly oxaliplatin plus irinotecan and folinic acid-modulated 5-fluorouracil: a phase II study in pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal ca…
2006
Oxaliplatin (OXA) and irinotecan (IRI) are active drugs for metastatic colorectal cancer, their toxicity profiles are not overlapping, and both drugs have shown at least additivity with folinic acid-modulated 5-fluorouracil (5FU). We carried out this phase II study to assess the activity and toxicity of a biweekly regimen including OXA plus IRI on day 1, and levo-folinic acid (LFA) plus 5FU on day 2 (OXIRIFAFU) in pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Forty-one patients, all previously treated with adjuvant and/or palliative 5FU-based chemotherapy (16 of them already exposed to IRI, OXA or both), were enrolled into this trial. On the basis of sensitivity to previous treatme…
Hypermethylator phenotype in sporadic colon cancer: study on a population-based series of 582 cases.
2008
Abstract The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is a distinct phenotype in colorectal cancer, associated with specific clinical, pathologic, and molecular features. However, most of the studies stratified methylation according to two subgroups (CIMP-High versus No-CIMP/CIMP-Low). In our study, we defined three different subgroups of methylation (No-CIMP, CIMP-Low, and CIMP-High) and evaluated the prognostic significance of methylation status on a population-based series of sporadic colon cancers. A total of 582 colon adenocarcinomas were evaluated using methylation-specific PCR for 5 markers (hMLH1, P16, MINT1, MINT2, and MINT31). No-CIMP status was defined as no methylated locus, CIMP-…
Frequency of a positive family history of colorectal cancer in general practice: a cross-sectional study.
2016
BACKGROUND Evidence on the frequency of a positive family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) among individuals aged <55 years is lacking. General practice setting might be well suited for the identification of individuals in this above-average risk group. OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of a reported positive family history of CRC among patients aged 40 to 54 years in a general practice setting. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in 21 general practices in Germany. Patients aged 40 to 54 years were identified by means of the practice software and interviewed by health care assistants using a standardized four-item questionnaire. Outcome was occurrence of a positive family his…
Capecitabine and irinotecan with and without bevacizumab for advanced colorectal cancer patients
2009
AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of cape-citabine plus irinotecan ± bevacizumab in advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: Forty six patients with previously untreated, locally-advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) were recruited between 2001-2006 in a prospective open-label phase II trial, in German community-based outpatient clinics. Patients received a standard capecitabine plus irinotecan (CAPIRI) or CAPIRI plus bevacizumab (CAPIRI-BEV) regimen every 3 wk. Dose reductions were mandatory from the first cycle in cases of > grade 2 toxicity. The treatment choice of bevacizumab was at the discretion of the physician. The primary endpoints were respon…
Efficacy of nivolumab in pre-treated non-small-cell lung cancer patients harbouring KRAS mutations
2018
Background: The present study investigated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in pre-treated patients with advanced NSCLC harbouring KRAS mutations. Methods: Clinical data and KRAS mutational status were analysed in patients treated with nivolumab within the Italian Expanded Access Program. Objective response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated. Patients were monitored for adverse events using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Results: Among 530 patients evaluated for KRAS mutations, 206 (39%) were positive while 324 (61%) were KRAS wild-type mutations. KRAS status did not influence nivolumab efficacy in terms of …
Hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of two different periods at the same center.
2010
Aims: To analyze the main etiological factors and some clinical characteristics of patients with HCC at diagnosis and to compare them with those we described ten years ago. Methods: 179 patients were included in Group 1, while 132 patients were included in Group 2. For all patients age, sex, serum markers of hepatitis B and C viruses, alcohol consumption, serum alpha feto-protein (AFP) levels and the main liver function parameters at HCC diagnosis were recorded. Results: Mean age was 66.0 years for Group 1 and 69.0 for Group 2 (P=0.005). HCV was responsible for 80.3% of HCC cases in Group 2 versus 72% in Group 1 (P=0.005). HBV alone and co-infection of HCV+HBV decreased, but not significant…
Surrogate endpoints for overall survival in digestive oncology trials: which candidates? A questionnaires survey among clinicians and methodologists
2010
Abstract Background Overall survival (OS) is the gold standard for the demonstration of a clinical benefit in cancer trials. Replacement of OS by a surrogate endpoint allows to reduce trial duration. To date, few surrogate endpoints have been validated in digestive oncology. The aim of this study was to draw up an ordered list of potential surrogate endpoints for OS in digestive cancer trials, by way of a survey among clinicians and methodologists. Secondary objective was to obtain their opinion on surrogacy and quality of life (QoL). Methods In 2007 and 2008, self administered sequential questionnaires were sent to a panel of French clinicians and methodologists involved in the conduct of …
Assessment of treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma: a review of the literature
2013
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence all over the world. Even if the primary end point of treatment of HCC is survival, radiological response could be a surrogate end point of survival, and could have a key role in clinical management. Since 1950 several radiological response criteria have been applied; however, it was not until 2000 that specific criteria for HCC were introduced by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), and these were then standardized in 2010 with the development of the modified Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (mRECIST) for HCC. The purpose of this brief review is to compare data in literature regarding the application an…