Search results for "Diltiazem"

showing 6 items of 16 documents

Alteration of loosely bound calcium in the guinea pig organ of Corti after treatment with diltiazem as calcium channel blocker

1997

After oral administration of the organic calcium channel blocker diltiazem to guinea pigs for 7 days, calcium ions were precipitated with potassium antimonate in the cochleae. The spatial distribution of the precipitates was studied by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy and the amount of the ultrastructural reaction products formed was determined semiquantitatively by an image processing system. Compared with untreated control ears, the number of the formed precipitates was reduced drastically in the inner hair cells after diltiazem treatment. In addition, electron microscopic analysis revealed that the number of calcium precipitates attached at the basolateral membrane of th…

medicine.drug_classGuinea PigsAdministration Oralchemistry.chemical_elementCalcium channel blockerCalciumGuinea pigDiltiazemmedicineAnimalsDiltiazemOrgan of CortiLamina reticularisVoltage-dependent calcium channelbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineAnatomyCalcium Channel BlockersMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologychemistryOrgan of CortiBiophysicsUltrastructureCalciumCalcium Channelsbusinessmedicine.drugEuropean Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
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Different mechanism of relaxation induced by aporphine alkaloids in rat uterus.

1993

Abstract We have examined the uterine relaxant action of three aporphine molecules (S-glaucine, S-boldine and R-apomorphine) in two experimental conditions, with and without calcium in the bathing solution, and compared these effects with those obtained with the calcium antagonists verapamil and diltiazem. The present study shows that the alkaloids relax the uterine muscle but with different mechanisms of action. In Ca2+-containing solution all three alkaloids relaxed the uterus previously contracted by KCl or acetylcholine, but in Ca2+-free medium only R-apomorphine was able to relax oxytocin-induced contraction. The calcium antagonists, verapamil and diltiazem, relaxed KCl- or acetylcholi…

medicine.medical_specialtyAporphinesApomorphineMuscle RelaxationPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementCalciumIn Vitro TechniquesOxytocinUterine contractionPotassium Chloridechemistry.chemical_compoundUterine ContractionInternal medicinemedicineBoldineAnimalsDrug InteractionsDiltiazemAporphineRats WistarPharmacologyCalcium Channel BlockersGlaucineAcetylcholineCulture MediaRatsEndocrinologyMuscle relaxationchemistryBiophysicsVerapamilCalciumFemalemedicine.symptommedicine.drugThe Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
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Ultrastructural evidence for protection of the outer hair cells of the inner ear during intense noise exposure by application of the organic calcium …

1999

Outer hair cells could be protected during intense noise exposure by the application of the calcium channel blocker diltiazem given before and after noise treatment. After various experimental approaches, the ultrastructural morphology was analysed for the different animal populations in the basal part of the second turn of the cochlea, which was the most destroyed area after an acute noise trauma caused by a gun shot (sound pressure at the ear drum 156 dB, frequency maximum between 4 and 6 kHz). Compared to untreated control specimens (experimental animal group I), the outer hair cells in the basal part of the second turn of the cochlea were mostly destroyed without any diltiazem applicati…

medicine.medical_specialtyCytoplasmmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentGuinea PigsCalcium channel blockerAntiarrhythmic agentDiltiazemInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsInner earDiltiazemCochleaChemistryCalcium Channel BlockersDisease Models AnimalHair Cells Auditory OuterMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyOtorhinolaryngologyHearing Loss Noise-InducedEar InnerAcute DiseaseUltrastructureBiophysicsAudiometry Pure-ToneHair cellNoiseNoise (radio)medicine.drugORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties
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Intervention of two voltage-dependent calcium-entry pathways in the contractile response to acetylcholine and KCl in rat uterus.

1994

The contractile response of rat uterine smooth muscle was investigated. Verapamil and diltiazem concentration-dependently relax the sustained contractions induced by KCl (56 mmol/l) or acetylcholine (10(-4) mol/l). This inhibitory effect was not not freely reversed by washing the tissue and subsequently no contractile response was obtained in depolarized tissue, but a lower biphasic response (phasic and tonic) to acetylcholine was observed. Addition of cumulative concentrations of CaCl2 (1.2-19.2 mmol/l) induced a partial recovery of the contractile response to acetylcholine or KCl, but addition of MgCl2 (1.2-19.2 mmol/l did not. When the channel was reactivated by a third addition of KCl o…

medicine.medical_specialtyMuscle RelaxationTonic (physiology)Membrane PotentialsPotassium ChlorideDiltiazemUterine ContractionInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDiltiazemRats WistarPharmacologyMembrane potentialDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryUterusMuscle SmoothGeneral MedicineAcetylcholineRatsElectrophysiologyDose–response relationshipEndocrinologyVerapamilVerapamilCalciumFemaleCalcium Channelsmedicine.symptomAcetylcholinemedicine.drugMuscle contractionPharmacology
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The influence of Ca2+ antagonists on the ciliary activity of the guinea pig trachea.

1990

The ciliary activity of the guinea pig tracheal respiratory epithelium was measured using a photoelectric device. Fourteen animals were administered 75 mg diltiazem/kg body weight 2 days, 1 day and 4 h prior to the investigation. Thirteen animals served as controls. In the pretreated group, the mean ciliary stroke frequency (13.4 +/- 3.0 Hz) was significantly lower (P = 0.02) than in the control group (16.6 +/- 3.7 Hz). The application of aerosolized 0.3 mmol/l nifedipine solution on the tracheal preparations of the control animals also significantly reduced the stroke frequency (P = 0.02). The ciliary activity never dropped beyond a frequency of about 8 Hz. The most probable interpretation…

medicine.medical_specialtyNifedipineGuinea PigsGuinea pigDiltiazemNifedipineInternal medicineMedicineAnimalsDiltiazemCiliaRespiratory systemVoltage-dependent calcium channelbusiness.industryCiliary activityGeneral MedicineRinger's SolutionTracheaEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyMucociliary ClearanceAnesthesiaRespiratory epitheliumCalciumIsotonic SolutionsbusinessRespiratory tractmedicine.drugEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
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Alteration of the Calcium Content in Inner Hair Cells of the Cochlea of the Guinea Pig after Acute Noise Trauma with and without Application of the O…

1999

Calcium ions are known to be important to the process of signal transduction across the apical and basal sides of the inner hair cells. Calcium channel antagonists have been demonstrated by light microscopy to provide protection against acoustic trauma. To evaluate the protective effect of calcium channel blocker on the inner ear cells to noise exposure, the amount of the histochemical reaction products formed in the cytoplasm of the inner hair cells of the guinea pig after application of pyroantimonate was measured by an image processing system connected to an energy-filtering transmission electron microscope (EFTEM). Compared to untreated control specimens (experimental animal group I) th…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classchemistry.chemical_elementCalcium channel blockerCalciumDiltiazemInternal medicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineAnimalsInner earDiltiazemCochleaHair Cells Auditory InnerCalcium channelCalcium Channel BlockersDisease Models AnimalEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureHearing Loss Noise-InducedOtorhinolaryngologychemistryCytoplasmAcute DiseaseCalciumsense organsHair cellmedicine.drugORL
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