Search results for "Diphenyl ether"
showing 10 items of 71 documents
Passive Sampling of Atmospheric Organic Contaminants
2012
The state of the art of passive sampling monitoring studies of atmospheric contaminants is reviewed in this chapter. The following passive samplers were considered: badge-type diffusive samplers; diffusive tubes; semi-permeable membrane devices; Radiello samplers; solid-phase microextraction fibers; polyurethane foam disks; XAD-2 passive air samplers; stir-bar samplers; polymer-coated glass surfaces; versatile, easy and rapid atmospheric monitor; and vegetation. A summary of the passive samplers used, sampling times, sampling rates, and analyte concentrations found is provided for different organic compounds, such as: carbonyl compounds, volatile compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,…
Analytical challenges to determine emerging persistent organic pollutants in aquatic ecosystems
2018
Emerging persistent organic pollutants (ePOPs) include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride/perfluorooctane sulfonate (POSF/PFOS), which are newly listed in the Stockholm Convention. Other ePOPs, which have not been regulated, include organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and other perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Often ePOPs data related to occurrence, toxicity, impact or environmental behavior are insufficient or inadequate because of the lack of proper analytical methods to obtain them. Thus, a critical review of the analytical procedures proposed in the last six years (2011–2017) for determining ePOPs…
Brominated, chlorinated and mixed brominated/chlorinated persistent organic pollutants in European eels (Anquilla anquilla) from Latvian lakes
2016
Fifty-eight European eel (Anquilla anquilla) specimens collected from five Latvian lakes were investigated for six groups of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated, polybrominated and mixed bromo-chloro dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/DFs, PBDD/DFs and PXDD/DFs), polychlorinated and mixed bromo-chloro biphenyls (PCBs and PXBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PCDD/DFs and PCBs were found to occur in the range 0.85–15.8 pg Total-WHO2005-TEQ g−1 f.w., and concentrations in most of the samples were below the maximum levels specified in European Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1259/2011. The summed concentrations of 27 PBDEs (∑PBDE) and 16 non-dioxin…
Application potential of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as solid-phase extraction sorbents for determination of low-mass polybrominated dipheny…
2019
Abstract Despite the introduction of restrictive regulations in the USA and the European Union, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are still found in various types of environmental and biological samples at significant concentration levels. The presence of these persistent organic pollutants in the environment raises important issues because of their negative impact on immunological and neurological systems, and on the hormonal balances in living organisms. From the analytical point of view, the final determination of PBDEs would entail substantial challenges, because it would necessitate conducting the pre-concentration of analytes, or sample clean up. The aim of the present study is t…
Persistent and Emerging Organic Pollutants in the Marine Coastal Environment of the Gulf of Milazzo (Southern Italy): Human Health Risk Assessment
2020
The Gulf of Milazzo (north-eastern Sicily) has been recognized as Italian Site of National Interest (SNI; areas characterized by high level of contamination with potential effects on human health) in 2005 because of its high level of pollution. In this study we measured the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polyBrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) in seawater and sediments sampled from the Gulf of Milazzo in order to assess (i) the environmental status of contamination, and (ii) cancer and non-cancer human health risk potentially due to dermal absorption from contaminated seawater and/or ingestion of contaminated fish. Particularly, …
Bioaccumulation of dioxins, coplanar PCBs, PCDEs, HxCNs, R-PCNs, R-PCPHs and R-PCBBs in fish from a pulp-mill recipient watercourse
1993
Abstract Pike, perch and lake bream from the river Kymijoki were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for toxic polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), hexachlorinated naphthalenes (HxCNs), non-ortho substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (coplanar PCBs) and alkylchloroaromatics of pulp mill origin. In most fish, the only congener of PCDD/PCDFs found was 2,3,7,8-TeCDF (
New qsar models for polyhalogenated aromatics
1994
Electronic properties of polychlorinated dibenzo p dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) were calculated using the semi-empirical AM1 method The calculated electronic descriptors — the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (ELUMO), the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), the ELUMO-EHOMO gap (dE), and molecular polarizability — are related to the Ah receptor binding affinity values of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs and immunotoxicity values for PCDEs The quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) based on chlorine substitution patterns were also constructed, an…
Persistent Organic Pollutants and Fatty Acid Profile in a Typical Cheese from Extensive Farms: First Assessment of Human Exposure by Dietary Intake
2022
Dairy products represent an important source of beneficial substances for humans. At the same time, they can expose the consumers to environmental contaminants ingested by animals through their diet, influencing their health negatively. This experiment aims to evaluate the risk and benefits related to the consumption of typical stretched cheeses, considering their fatty acid (FA) profile and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) content. Six representative farms, two of them organic, raising Cinisara cattle were selected, considering the typical extensive management systems, based on feeding of natural pasture integrated with concentrate and hay depending on the availability of forage on pas…
CCDC 787306: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2011
Related Article: C.Bazzicalupi, A.Bencini, S.Ciattini, F.Denat, P.Desogere, C.Goze, I.Matera, B.Valtancoli|2010|Dalton Trans.|39|11643|doi:10.1039/c0dt00948b
CCDC 787307: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2011
Related Article: C.Bazzicalupi, A.Bencini, S.Ciattini, F.Denat, P.Desogere, C.Goze, I.Matera, B.Valtancoli|2010|Dalton Trans.|39|11643|doi:10.1039/c0dt00948b