Search results for "Directive"
showing 10 items of 308 documents
L’ILLECITO ANTITRUST DOPO LA DIRETTIVA 2014/104/UE
2020
Tradizionalmente, tanto a livello nazionale quanto a livello comunitario, la tutela della concorrenza si è caratterizzata per l’impiego di strumenti di enforcement pubblicistico. Dopo un lungo iter, il 26 novembre 2014 è stata pubblicata la direttiva del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio UE 2014/104 relativa a determinate norme che regolano le azioni per il risarcimento del danno ai sensi del diritto nazionale per violazioni delle disposizioni del diritto della concorrenza degli Stati membri e dell'Unione europea. In Italia il recepimento della Direttiva è avvenuto il 19 gennaio 2017 con il d.lgs. n. 3/2017. Sebbene la normativa in parola intervenga a colmare il vuoto creato dall’assenza, …
Striking a Balance among Security, Privacy and Competition. The Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Act 2014 (DRIP)
2015
Following the ECJ decision that declared the Data Retention Directive invalid, the Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Act 2014 (DRIP) has been enacted. It is not indisputable whether the DRIP gives more powers to the intelligence services at the detriment of both citizens’ privacy and freedom of enterprise or whether it simply clarifies the nature and extent of obligations that can be imposed on telecommunications service providers based outside the UK under Part 1 of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA). The article provides news also on Data Retention Regulations 2014, R (David Davis MP and Tom Watson MP) v Secretary of State for the Home Department and the proposed…
Five Years of the Citizens Directive in the UK - Part 2
2011
This two-part article reviews how the UK authorities have fared in the practical application of Directive 2004/38/EC in the five years since it entered into force. It identifies and examines the most common problems faced by EU citizens when seeking to have their rights recognised by the UK authorities applying the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006 by reference to questions and complaints received by Your Europe Advice. In examining the experience of EU citizens and their family members living in the UK, account is taken of a number of recent judgments of the European Court of Justice concerning EU citizenship, including Metock, Lassal, Eman & Sevinger and Ruiz Zambrano.…
Vulnerability to Forced Labour and Trafficking: The case of Romanian women in the agricultural sector in Sicily
2015
This paper focuses on labour and sexual exploitation faced by Romanian female workers employed in the agricultural sector in Ragusa, Sicily, Italy. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in 2013 and 2014 with Romanian female farm workers in Ragusa, the paper identifies factors that contribute towards their vulnerability to exploitation. By paying specific attention to the experiences of women who are mothers with dependent children, we look at structural factors that increase their vulnerability and consider how this vulnerability ‘forces’ women into situations whereby they effectively accept and/or submit to abuse. We also highlight how European Union (EU) citizenship does not automatically protec…
LA GRAMMATICALIZZAZIONE DEI VERBI DI MOVIMENTO IN SICILIANO: IL CASO DI IRI ‘ANDARE’ IN FUNZIONE DIRETTIVA
2019
Esiste in siciliano una costruzione direttiva formata dalla seconda persona singolare dell’imperativo di iri ‘andare’ e la seconda persona, singolare o plurale, dell’imperativo di un verbo lessicale (va pigghilu ‘(lett.) va prendilo’). Sullo sfondo di alcuni studi che hanno indagato lo sviluppo delle marche direttive in diverse lingue del mondo da una prospettiva storico-pragmatica, la costruzione è interpretata come risultato di un processo di grammaticalizzazione che si origina nella interazione diadica tra i partecipanti dello speech act, innescato dalle specificità deittiche del verbo (allontanamento dal punto di vista del parlante); poiché il punto di vista del parlante viene incluso n…
The Italian version of the Thinking About Life Experiences Questionnaire and its relationship with gender, age, and life events on Facebook
2020
The present study provided a cross-cultural validation of the Thinking About Life Experiences Scale-revised (TALE-R) in an Italian sample of Facebook users (n = 492; female = 378; male = 114; mean age 26.1) to test for replication and universality of the TALE-R three-factor model. Furthermore, it explored the interrelations among gender, age, the scores at the TALE-R and the frequency of posting textual/visual information about individuals' life events on Facebook. Results at exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis gave empirical support to both of a tripartite model for the functions of autobiographical memory (i.e., directive-behavior, social-bonding, and self-continuity) and measure…
Segnalazioni floristiche e vegetazionali per le zone umide costiere del territorio di Petrosino (Sicilia occidentale)
2017
Si riportano popolazioni inedite di alcune specie di angiosperme rare per il territorio siciliano, localizzate nelle aree umide costiere del territorio di Petrosino (provincia di Trapani), attualmente tutelate come sito della rete europea “Natura 2000” (codice ITA010006), e come zona “Ramsar”: si tratta nel dettaglio di Apium graveolens, Briza minor, Carex extensa, Cladium mariscus, Euphorbia hirsuta, Ipomoea sagittata, Ruppia drepanensis, Sonchus maritimus. Per ogni specie viene brevemente illustrata l’importanza dei nuovi reperti nel contesto regionale. Viene inoltre segnalata la presenza di un habitat prioritario non censito nel piano di gestione del sito Natura 2000, ossia “7210*: Palud…
A review of hydropower plants in Romania: Distribution, current knowledge, and their effects on fish in headwater streams
2021
Abstract Hydropower is currently experiencing a boom in southeast Europe. For Romania, the number of hydropower plants is estimated to be between 545 and 674, but little has been published about their environmental impact. We provide the first overview of the geographical distribution of hydropower plants in Romania, supplemented by a review of current knowledge about their environmental impact, and present case study evidence on the effects of small hydropower plants on fish in headwater streams of the Carpathian Mountains. We show that 49% of the documented 545 hydropower plants in Romania are located in Natura 2000 or other protected areas, 5% are located in water bodies with ‘very good’…
Data Protection, Social Networks and Online Mass Media
2012
The public communication has suffered in the era of the digital information society a undeniable paradigm shift among whose manifestations highlights the presence of media online in social networks and the outstanding participation of citizens by providing views, information and personal data. The guarantee of the right to the protection of personal data in the digital environment of the pages on social networks managed by media communication requires analyzing the legal relevance and impact of these standards and, very specially, the allocation of responsibilities between those who interact in these digital spaces. To that end, this article will take into account the doctrine oriented by t…
The Role of Labour and Associated EU Liberalization Challenges: Insights from the Port Sector
2013
An influential argument holds that labour unions are not likely to succeed in their objectives through current European decision-making processes. In addition, the European Union has extensive leverage to introduce negative integration due to asymmetries towards liberalization in the treaties. Given such arguments it is of interest to study a case, where attempts of EU liberalization reform have failed and labour unions claim this is their victory. An in-depth analysis of the decision-making process of the proposal for a Port Directive highlights that labour unions are most influential when they are able to exploit the division of industry interests to resoundingly oppose policy change. Mor…