Search results for "Disc"

showing 10 items of 19256 documents

Selective breeding for endurance running capacity affects cognitive but not motor learning in rats

2012

The ability to utilize oxygen has been shown to affect a wide variety of physiological factors often considered beneficial for survival. As the ability to learn can be seen as one of the core factors of survival in mammals, we studied whether selective breeding for endurance running, an indication of aerobic capacity, also has an effect on learning. Rats selectively bred over 23 generations for their ability to perform forced treadmill running were trained in an appetitively motivated discrimination-reversal classical conditioning task, an alternating T-maze task followed by a rule change (from a shift-win to stay-win rule) and motor learning task. In the discrimination-reversal and T-maze …

oppiminenConditioning ClassicalExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyBreedingRotarod performance testArticleTask (project management)Developmental psychologyRunningDiscrimination LearningBehavioral NeurosciencePhysical Conditioning AnimalAnimalsDiscrimination learningta315Maze Learningta515Aerobic capacityta1184Classical conditioningCognitionRats Inbred Strainsclasssical conditioningT-mazeRatsRotarod Performance TestPhysical Enduranceaerobinen suorituskykyFemalePsychologyMotor learningklassinen ehdollistaminenNeurosciencehapenottokykyhuman activitiespsychological phenomena and processes
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Verbal counting skill predicts later math performance and difficulties in middle school

2019

This study examined the role of verbal counting skill as an early predictor of math performance and difficulties (at or below −1.5 standard deviation in basic math skills) in middle school. The role of fourth-grade level arithmetical skills (i.e., calculation fluency, multi-digit arithmetic i.e. procedural calculation, and word problem solving) as mediators was also investigated. The participants included 207 children in central Finland who were studied from kindergarten to the seventh grade. Path modeling showed that verbal counting in kindergarten is a strong predictor for basic math performance in seventh grade, explaining even 52% of the variance in these skills after controlling for th…

oppiminenlongitudinal researcheducationkoululaisetlapset (ikäryhmät)pitkittäistutkimusbehavioral disciplines and activitiesEducationDyslexiaFluencyverbal countingoppimisvaikeudetElementary mathematicsmathDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyMathematics educationmatemaattiset taidot0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAssociation (psychology)learning difficultieslaskeminen05 social sciencesPhonological Awareness050301 educationmatemaattinen ajatteluVariance (accounting)Word ReadingWord problem solvingongelmanratkaisuPsychology0503 education050104 developmental & child psychologyContemporary Educational Psychology
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Self-Directed Learning as a Practice of Workplace Learning: Interpretative Repertoires of Self-Directed Learning in ICT Work

2019

Changing technologies and competition in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) are challenging the learning of individual workers and teams alongside and through work. Organisations call for employees’ autonomy and self-directedness executed by agile operations and low hierarchies, where learning is also increasingly the responsibility of the individuals and teams themselves and occurs in practice without strong control of the organisation. Therefore, the multidimensional concept of self-directed learning becomes essential in the context of learning at work. In this study, we examine how employees in the ICT sector describe self-directed learning practices in the conte…

oppiminentieto- ja viestintätekniikkamedia_common.quotation_subjectDiscourse analysisorganisaatiotContext (language use)Educationself-directed learningtyössäoppiminenSociologydiscourse analysisICT organisationmedia_commonIndependent studyinterpretative repertoiresbusiness.industryitseohjautuvuusInformation technologyPublic relationsdiskurssianalyysiInformation and Communications TechnologyAutodidacticismworkplace learningbusinessAutonomyAgile software developmentVocations and Learning
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Rewilding Language Education: Emergent Assemblages and Entangled Actions

2021

Integrating concepts and techniques from ethnomethodology and sociomaterialism, this article investigates the observable material processes involving human action and place‐based contexts of language use enabled by locative media. The focal pedagogical intervention utilized mobile augmented reality (AR) activities, the development of which was inspired by research on learning ‘in the wild.’ Applying the principle of reverse engineering, we introduce a pedagogical approach termed ‘rewilding’ for its emphasis on designing supportive conditions for goal‐directed interaction outside of classrooms. Three instances of AR materials use are presented from an out‐of‐class activity associated with un…

oppimisympäristöLinguistics and Languageconversation analysistieto- ja viestintätekniikkaDiscourse analysisTeaching methodPlace-based educationrewildingLanguage and LinguisticsmobiililaitteetSemioticsopetusteknologiaSociologylisätty todellisuusmultimodaalisuusembodimentkieltenopetusGoal orientationkeskustelunanalyysiplace‐based learningmobile augmented realitysociomaterialismLinguisticsConversation analysisetnometodologiaLanguage educationplace-based learningkielellinen vuorovaikutusMobile deviceThe Modern Language Journal
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The Role of Teacher Closeness in Emotions and Achievement for Adolescents With and Without Learning Difficulties

2022

Student–teacher relationships are crucial for adolescents’ adjustment in the school context. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of teacher closeness in academic emotions and achievement among adolescents with and without learning difficulties during the first year in lower secondary school. Students’ learning difficulties (LDs) were identified based on tested reading and math skills. In addition, students evaluated their teacher relationships and rated academic emotions in literacy and math domains. The results indicated that higher teacher closeness was related to increasing positive emotions and increasing literacy achievement during seventh grade, whereas lower levels …

oppimisympäristövuorovaikutuseducationacademic emotionsachievementtransitionat riskopettajatbehavioral disciplines and activitiesoppilaatEducationBehavioral Neuroscienceoppimisvaikeudetteacher closenesstunteetGeneral Health Professionsmental disorderslukutaitoläheisyyskirjoitustaitomatemaattiset taidotteacherlearning difficultiesopettaja-oppilassuhde
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Temporal spying and concealing process in fibre-optic data transmission systems through polarization bypass

2014

Recent research has been focused on the ability to manipulate a light beam in such a way to hide, namely to cloak, an event over a finite time or localization in space. The main idea is to create a hole or a gap in the spatial or time domain so as to allow for an object or data to be kept hidden for a while and then to be restored. By enlarging the field of applications of this concept to telecommunications, researchers have recently reported the possibility to hide transmitted data in an optical fibre. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of perpetual temporal spying and blinding process of optical data in fibre-optic transmission line based on polarization bypass. We succes…

optical fiberOptical fiberComputer scienceOptical communicationGeneral Physics and AstronomyCloakingtemporal cloakingpolarization control02 engineering and technologyoptical communicationsBioinformatics01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multidisciplinarybusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryTransmission systemPolarization (waves)Data transmission systemsContinuous wavebusinessNature Communications
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A universal optical all-fiber omnipolarizer

2012

International audience; Wherever the polarization properties of a light beam are of concern, polarizers and polarizing beamsplitters (PBS) are indispensable devices in linear-, nonlinear- and quantum-optical schemes. By the very nature of their operation principle, transformation of incoming unpolarized or partially polarized beams through these devices introduces large intensity variations in the fully polarized outcoming beam(s). Such intensity fluctuations are often detrimental, particularly when light is post-processed by nonlinear crystals or other polarization-sensitive optic elements. Here we demonstrate the unexpected capability of light to self-organize its own state-of-polarizatio…

optical fiberOptical fiberNonlinear optics02 engineering and technologypolarization control01 natural sciencesArticlelaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLight beamstimulated brillouin-cattering polarization control supercontinuum generationsupercontinuum generationPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multidisciplinary[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryNonlinear opticsPolarizerPolarization (waves)stimulated brillouin-catteringNonlinear systemAll fiberTelecommunicationsbusinessBeam (structure)
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Optimal Spectral Wavelengths for Discriminating Orchard Species Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

2019

Sustainable management of orchard fields requires detailed information about the tree types, which is a main component of precision agriculture programs. To this end, hyperspectral imagery can play a major role in orchard tree species mapping. Efficient use of hyperspectral data in combination with field measurements requires the development of optimized band selection strategies to separate tree species. In this study, field spectroscopy (350 to 2500 nm) was performed through scanning 165 spectral leaf samples of dominant orchard tree species (almond, walnut, and grape) in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari province, Iran. Two multivariable methods were employed to identify the optimum wavelengths:…

optimal spectral wavelengths010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0211 other engineering and technologiesRed edge02 engineering and technologyfield spectroscopy; orchards species; ANOVA–RFC–PCA; PLS; optimal spectral wavelengths; discriminant analysis01 natural sciencesPartial least squares regressionlcsh:Science021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMathematicsRemote sensinganova–rfc–pcaorchards speciesNear-infrared spectroscopyHyperspectral imaging15. Life on landplsLinear discriminant analysisdiscriminant analysisfield spectroscopyRandom forestTree (data structure)Principal component analysisGeneral Earth and Planetary Scienceslcsh:QRemote Sensing
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Tra continuo e discreto. Recenti tendenze nella linguistica contemporanea

2002

This paper investigates the relationship between continuum and discretum within recent theoretical approaches in contemporary linguistics, focusing in particular on the interaction with epistemological and methodological aspects common to physical-mathematical theoretical models

optimality theorycategorizzazione linguisticaarbitrarietàprincipio di complementaritàcontinuum vs. discretoSettore L-LIN/01 - Glottologia E Linguistica
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Unravelling the Intertwined Atomic and Bulk Nature of Localised Excitons by Attosecond Spectroscopy

2021

The electro-optical properties of most semiconductors and insulators of technological interest are dominated by the presence of electron-hole quasi-particles, called excitons. The manipulation of excitons in dielectrics has recently received great attention, with possible applications in different fields including optoelectronics and photonics. Here, we apply attosecond transient reflection spectroscopy in a sequential two-foci geometry and observe sub-femtosecond dynamics of a core-level exciton in bulk MgF2 single crystals. Furthermore, we access absolute phase delays, which allow for an unambiguous comparison with theoretical calculations. Our results show that excitons surprisingly exhi…

optoelectronicsAttosecondphotonicsAttosecond dynamicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologysemiconductorsTransient reflectivity01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaUltrafast photonicsPhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsQCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyfemtosecond optical Stark effectdielectricsStark effectFemtosecondsymbols0210 nano-technologyPhysics - OpticsElectronic properties and materialsattosecondexcitonsScienceExcitonFOS: Physical sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters010306 general physicsSpectroscopyCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryCore excitonselectro-optical propertiesSemiconductorPhotonicsbusinessUltrashort pulseelectron-hole quasi-particlesOptics (physics.optics)
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