Search results for "Disc"

showing 10 items of 19256 documents

Combined column-and-row-generation for the optimal communication spanning tree problem

2018

Abstract This paper considers the exact solution of the optimal communication spanning tree problem (OCSTP), which can be described as follows: Given an undirected graph with transportation costs on every edge and communication requirements for all pairs of vertices, the OCSTP seeks for a spanning tree that minimizes the sum of the communication costs between all pairs of vertices, where the communication cost of a pair of vertices is defined as their communication requirement multiplied by the transportation cost of the unique tree path that connects the two vertices. Two types of compact formulations for OCSTP were presented in the literature. The first one is a four-index model based on …

021103 operations researchSpanning treeGeneral Computer ScienceHeuristicComputer scienceIntersection (set theory)0211 other engineering and technologies0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations ResearchFlow network01 natural sciencesTree (graph theory)GraphVertex (geometry)Combinatorics010201 computation theory & mathematicsModeling and SimulationPath (graph theory)Graph (abstract data type)MathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSComputers & Operations Research
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Variable neighborhood descent for the incremental graph drawing

2017

Abstract Graphs are used to represent reality in several areas of knowledge. Drawings of graphs have many applications, from project scheduling to software diagrams. The main quality desired for drawings of graphs is readability, and crossing reduction is a fundamental aesthetic criterion for a good representation of a graph. In this paper we target the edge crossing reduction in the context of incremental graph drawing, in which we want to preserve the layout of a graph over successive drawings. We propose a hybrid method based on the GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure) and VND (Variable Neighborhood Descent) methodologies and compare it with previous methods via simulation.

021103 operations researchTheoretical computer sciencebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsGRASP0211 other engineering and technologies010103 numerical & computational mathematics02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesReadabilitySoftwareGraph drawingDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsArtificial intelligenceForce-directed graph drawing0101 mathematicsbusinessGraph operationsMetaheuristiccomputerGreedy randomized adaptive search procedureMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSMathematicsElectronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics
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Determination of Sorption Properties of Heavy Metals in Various Biosorbents

2018

Abstract Various techniques of determination of properties of physicochemical processes of heavy metal sorption in biosorbents were analysed. The methods of preparing and storing samples, conditions of experiment performance, as well as the methods of data interpretation were discussed. Two procedures of study were analysed: (1) in the static system of biosorbent-solution contact and (2) in the system of dynamic flow of solution. Copper cation sorption was studied. The effect of consecutive stages of the study on the quality of final results was shown. A high degree of uncertainty of the sorption capacity assessment was reported, which was dependent on the manner of conducting the study. Th…

021110 strategic defence & security studiesEnvironmental EngineeringChemistryEcology (disciplines)0211 other engineering and technologiesSorptionHeavy metals02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesEnergy engineeringEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental Chemistry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEcological Chemistry and Engineering S
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A risk assessment proposal for underground cavities in Hard Soils-Soft Rocks

2018

Abstract Underground calcarenite quarries in Marsala (Sicily) have been involved in a number of collapses that have, seriously damaged numerous buildings. The stability conditions were therefore examined in order to assess risk conditions within the historical centre of the town and the surrounding areas, which are subject to urban expansion. Starting with an extensive collection of historical information, the research was carried out through surveys of the cavities, systematic sampling of material, petrographic analysis and geotechnical testing. The results of laboratory tests and in situ investigations provided a geotechnical characterization of both the intact material and the rock mass.…

021110 strategic defence & security studiesRisk chartSafety factorSettore ICAR/07 - Geotecnica0211 other engineering and technologiesUnderground quarries Hard-soil/soft rocks Stability factor Risk charts02 engineering and technologyHard-soil/soft rockGeotechnical EngineeringGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyStability factorUnderground quarrieFinite element methodCalcarenitePetrographyAbacus (architecture)Geotechnical engineeringRock mass classificationShear strength (discontinuity)SubsoilGeology021101 geological & geomatics engineeringInternational Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences
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From metaphor to action : embodied language cognition

2016

Las teorias que tradicionalmente han tratado de explicar como la actividad cerebral da lugar a la cognicion se han servido de la metafora del ordenador para describir que el modo en  que el cerebro procesa informacion es transformandola en un codigo de simbolos que pueden combinarse entre si siguiendo un conjunto finito de reglas. Sin embargo, recientes estudios, con paradigmas actualizados y ayudandose de las tecnicas de neuroimagen, nos muestran que las actividades cerebrales que registramos cuando observamos un cerebro implicado en alguna tarea cognitiva son las mismas que observariamos si ese cerebro se encontrase inmerso en el procesamiento perceptivo, motor o emocional de la informaci…

03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMultidisciplinaryHistory and Philosophy of SciencePhilosophy05 social sciences0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesHumanities030217 neurology & neurosurgery050105 experimental psychology
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Automatic Location of Sources of Electrical Activation from Electroanatomical Maps

2016

Electro-anatomical mapping is a widely used technique used by electrophysiologists to understand patient's activation pattern. The system measures activation time at different locations but does not provide information on underlying electrical pathways or triggering points, such as Purkinje-myocardial junctions or ectopic foci. We present a method to estimate the locations of Purkinje-myocardial junctions from a discrete set of endocardial samples. Using less than 1000 endocardial samples it can recover locations and activation times of the most influencing Purkinje myocardial junctions from Purkinje trees of up to 500 junctions. A simulation study revealed that using the estimated Purkinje…

03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineTree structure0206 medical engineering02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDiscrete setBiological system020601 biomedical engineeringActivation patternMathematics2016 Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)
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Graph Rewriting Based Search for Molecular Structures: Definitions, Algorithms, Hardness

2018

We define a graph rewriting system that is easily understandable by humans, but rich enough to allow very general queries to molecule databases. It is based on the substitution of a single node in a node- and edge-labeled graph by an arbitrary graph, explicitly assigning new endpoints to the edges incident to the replaced node. For these graph rewriting systems, we are interested in the subgraph-matching problem. We show that the problem is NP-complete, even on graphs that are stars. As a positive result, we give an algorithm which is polynomial if both rules and query graph have bounded degree and bounded cut size. We demonstrate that molecular graphs of practically relevant molecules in d…

0301 basic medicine010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry03 medical and health sciencesSingle nodeGraph rewriting030104 developmental biologyComputer scienceBounded function01 natural sciencesAlgorithmGraphMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS0104 chemical sciences
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Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of 1,4-Dihydropyridines and an Unexpected 1,3-Oxazin-6-one

2016

Eight heterocycles have been prepared in a one-pot reaction manner based on the Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis. The synthesis afforded seven dihydropyridines (DHP) and one unexpected 1,3-oxazin-6-one. Their structures were confirmed based on NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The obtained products have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity against eight cancer cell lines and one normal cell line. Two halogenated DHPs (7 and 8) displayed cytotoxicity toward all the nine tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values from 4.10 to 58.90 μm, while others showed selective activities. DHPs (7 and 8) bearing a Me group at C(2) and C(6) as well as a halogenated substituent at C(4′) were more an…

0301 basic medicine010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistrySubstituentDihydropyridineDHPSNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryNormal cell03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound030104 developmental biologyDrug DiscoveryIc50 valuesmedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCancer cell linesCytotoxicitymedicine.drugHelvetica Chimica Acta
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Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent

2019

Cattle were domesticated ∼10,000 years ago, but analysis of modern breeds has not elucidated their origins. Verdugo et al. performed genome-wide analysis of 67 ancient Near Eastern Bos taurus DNA samples. Several populations of ancient aurochs were progenitors of domestic cows. These genetic lineages mixed ∼4000 years ago in a region around the Indus Valley. Interestingly, mitochondrial analysis indicated that genetic material likely derived from arid-adapted Bos indicus (zebu) bulls was introduced by introgression.Science, this issue p. 173Genome-wide analysis of 67 ancient Near Eastern cattle, Bos taurus, remains reveals regional variation that has since been obscured by admixture in mode…

0301 basic medicine010506 paleontologyMitochondrial DNA[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory1103Human Migration12041105IntrogressionZoologyGenomics01 natural sciencesDNA Mitochondrial[SHS]Humanities and Social SciencesDomesticationEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesBronze AgeAnimals[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]Domestication0105 earth and related environmental sciences[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsMultidisciplinaryGenomebiologyHuman migrationbusiness.industryGenomicsAurochsZebubiology.organism_classificationhumanities030104 developmental biologyFertilityCattlebusiness
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A time-varying observer for linear systems with asynchronous discrete-time measurements

2017

International audience; In this paper we propose a time-varying observer for a linear continuous-time plant with asynchronous discrete-time measurements. The proposed observer is contextualized in the hybrid systems framework providing an elegant setting for the proposed solution. In particular some theoretical tools are provided, in terms of LMIs, certifying asymptotic stability of a certain compact set where the estimation error is zero. Moreover the case of asynchronous measurements is considered, i.e. when the measurements are not provided in well defined time instants, but they occur at an arbitrary time in a certain time interval. A design procedure based on the numerical solution of …

0301 basic medicine0209 industrial biotechnologyObserver (quantum physics)Computer scienceLinear system02 engineering and technologyInterval (mathematics)Sampled-data observerdiscrete asynchronous measurement[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology020901 industrial engineering & automationSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaExponential stabilityDiscrete time and continuous timeAsynchronous communicationControl theoryHybrid systemhybrid systemlinear systemlinear matrix inequalities
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