Search results for "Discrimination"
showing 10 items of 477 documents
Frailty Tools for Assessment of Long-term Prognosis After Acute Coronary Syndrome
2020
Objective: To evaluate the 5 components of the Fried frailty phenotype (self-reported unintentional weight loss, physical activity questionnaire, gait speed, grip strength, and self-reported exhaustion) for long-term outcomes in elderly survivors of acute coronary syndrome. Methods: A total of 342 consecutive patients (from October 1, 2010, to February 1, 2012) were included. The 5 components of the Fried score and albumin concentration, as malnutrition index, were assessed before hospital discharge. Patients were followed up until April 2020 (median follow-up, 8.7 years). The end point was postdischarge all-cause mortality. Results: Mean ± SD age was 77±7 years and mean ± SD Fried score wa…
Choosing Who You Are: The Structure and Behavioral Effects of Revealed Identification Preferences
2017
Differences in individuals’ social identity have recently been shown to explain differences in behavior. But where do differences in social identity come from? Theory claims that identification allows people to affect their social identity by choosing who they are. Accordingly, this paper treats social identity as a choice and analyzes its behavioral effects. We find identification to be systematically related to behavioral heterogeneity in group-specific social preferences. In a first step, we measure identification preferences using a revealed preference approach in a laboratory experiment. Confirming social identity theory, participants reveal a stronger identification preference for gro…
Immigrati e diritti sociali: parità di trattamento e tutela multilivello
2017
Il saggio analizza la tutela antidiscriminatoria di cui godono i lavoratori immigrati all'insegna di una prospettiva multilivello: più in particolare viene descritto il complesso di strumenti normativi del diritto nazionale ed europeo a tutela delle situazioni giuridiche soggettive degli immigrati (ad es., in materia di sicurezza sociale), per come interpretato dalla Corte Costituzionale, dalla Corte di Giustizia e dalla Corte EDU. Da ultimo, vengono analizzati i recenti orientamenti giurisprudenziali, che oscillano tra l'affievolimento del principio paritario in ragione di sempre più stringenti vincoli di bilancio, e la tendenziale parificazione tra cives e non cives alla luce del principi…
Competition and inflation differentials in EMU
2008
In a monetary union, inflation rate differentials may be substantial over the business cycle. This paper parameterizes a two-country monetary union in which different economic structures in the two countries generate temporary inflation differentials. Cross-country differences are introduced in (i) the elasticity of demand in the goods markets, which cause producers to discriminate prices, (ii) the degree of price inertia and (iii) the degree of openness or preference for foreign goods in consumption. The model is calibrated to reproduce two average large EMU countries and it is able to generate such inflation differentials. We find the mechanism of price discrimination quantitatively more …
Gender discrimination and intergenerational transmission of preferences
2004
This paper provides an explanation for the existence of gender discrimination in the labour market focusing on the intergenerational transmission of preferences related to the attitude of women towards jobs and family. Changes in women's preferences over generations depend on the socialization efforts of their parents which in turn are influenced by both the firm's expected recruitment policy and the expected utility from household care. We obtain two types of steady state equilibria: the discriminatory equilibrium, in which women are segregated to low-paid jobs, and the non-discriminatory equilibrium, in which women are hired in highly-paid jobs. The conditions of convergence to each equil…
La sicurezza sociale degli immigrati: alla ricerca della solidarietà perduta
2020
Il saggio analizza il sistema di assistenza sociale in favore degli immigrati, sottolineandone il carattere discriminatorio alla luce dell'ordinamento multilivello. The essay focuses on the meausures of social assistance granted by the Italian system of social security to immigrants, and it highlights their discriminatory nature according to a multi-level perspective.
LES DISCRIMINATIONS A L'EMBAUCHE DANS LA SPHERE PUBLIQUE : EFFETS RESPECTIFS DE L'ADRESSE ET DE L'ORIGINE
2016
Cette étude évalue la discrimination dans l’accès à l’emploi dans trois professions présentes à la fois dans le secteur privé et dans la Fonction Publique. Deux dimensions sont examinées : l’effet de la réputation du lieu de résidence et l’effet de l’origine maghrébine. Elle est réalisée sur données expérimentales de testing réalisé dans trois professions en tension pour lesquelles la discrimination devrait a priori être très réduite : les responsables administratifs de catégorie A, les techniciens de maintenance de catégorie B et les aides soignantes de catégorie C. Pour chaque profession, nous avons construit 3 profils fictifs de candidats à l’emploi similaires en tout point à l’exception…
Labor market participation, employability and and basic skills: the French case
2013
En ligne sur http://cemapre.iseg.utl.pt/educonf/2e3/files/submissions_to_web/Branche-Seigeot%20Aline.doc; The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the important technological but also organizational innovations during the last decades have transformed the labor market and the jobs nature. One major consequence of this on employment has been the gradual rise in qualifications' structure sought and demanded by employers. However, the expansion of higher education contributed to depreciate diplomas proportionately more widespread in the labor market due to a greater skills' heterogeneity of their owners. Since high basic skills levels protect against unemployment…
Size-dependent tradeoffs in aggressive behavior towards kin
2020
AbstractAggression between juveniles can be unexpected, as their primary motivation is to survive until their reproductive stage. However, instances of aggression, which may escalate to cannibalism, can be vital for survival, although the factors (e.g. genetic or environmental) leading to cannibalism vary across taxa. While cannibalism can greatly accelerate individual growth, it may also reduce inclusive fitness when kin are consumed. As a solution to this problem, some cannibals demonstrate kin discrimination and preferentially attack unrelated individuals. Here, we used both experimental and modeling approaches to consider how physical traits (e.g. size in relation to opponent) and genet…
Coming out in Italy
2007
The essay describes the coming out process of LGBT youth in Italy mainly related to structural and cultural dimension, social reaction to stigmatised identities and the need of specific social policies