Search results for "Dispersion."

showing 10 items of 1094 documents

Characterization of fiber nonuniformities with ppm resolution using time-resolved in-fiber acousto-optics

2014

Time-resolved acousto-optic interaction using flexural waves enables the characterization of fiber nonuniformities along sections of about 1-2 m. A resolution better than 10 ppm of fiber diameter and core refractive index is demonstrated.

Mode volumeOptical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPolarization-maintaining optical fiberGraded-index fiberlaw.inventionOpticslawFiber optic sensorFiber laserDispersion-shifted fiberbusinessPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Design and optimization of broadband tapered optical fibers with a nanofiber waist

2010

The control over the transmission properties of tapered optical fibers (TOFs) is an important requirement for a whole range of applications. Using a carefully designed flame pulling process that allows us to realize preset fiber radius profiles, we fabricate TOFs with a nanofiber waist. We study the spectral transmission properties of these TOFs as a function of the taper profile and the waist length and show how the transmission band of the TOF can be tuned via different fiber profile parameters. Based on these results, we have designed a nanofiber-waist TOF with broadband transmission for surface spectroscopy of organic molecules. Moreover, our method allows us to analyze the loss mechani…

Mode volumeOptical fiberMulti-mode optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPolarization-maintaining optical fiberGraded-index fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOpticslawDispersion-shifted fiberPlastic optical fiberbusinessPhotonic-crystal fiberOptics Express
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Accurate modal characterization of optical fibers using acousto-optics

2016

In-fiber acousto-optics enable accurate and broadband characterization of two mode optical fibers. Differential effective index, group index and dispersion are reported for two-mode optical fibers. Small phase differences between the quasi-degenerated vector modes comprising the LP 11 mode are also measured. In addition, a fine analysis of fiber axial non-uniformities can be performed using a time-resolved acousto-optic technique. In this case, sub-ppm changes of effective index are measured with few cm resolution along fiber sections of about 2 m.

Mode volumeOptical fiberMulti-mode optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySingle-mode optical fiberPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyMicrostructured optical fiber021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesGraded-index fiberlaw.invention010309 opticsOpticsZero-dispersion wavelengthlaw0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotonic-crystal fiber2016 18th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Carbon nanorings: A challenge to theoretical chemistry

2006

High-level quantum-chemical methods show that the binding in the inclusion complex of hexamethylbenzene (HMB) in 6-cycloparaphenilacetylene (6-CPPA) cannot be explained only in terms of electrostatic interactions - caused by the polarization associated to curved π-conjugated systems - and the inclusion of dispersion forces is definitely needed. The theoretical description of van der Waals interactions is notoriously complicated and in fact some DFT methods cannot even predict the existence of the relatively small supramolecular nanoring studied here. However, ab initio MP2 calculations agree with experimental data and show that, in the considered complex, the HMB fragment is placed at the …

Models MolecularNanoringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticBinding energyAb initioThermodynamicsLondon dispersion forcechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsBenzene DerivativesTheoretical chemistryHexamethylbenzeneComputer SimulationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Ab initio calculationChemistryCycloparaffinsCarbonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNanostructuresInclusion compoundPhysical chemistryDispersion interactionDensity functional calculation
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Kinetic interpretation of influence of sodium chloride concentration and temperature on xanthan gum dispersion flow model

2001

The present study derives a fixed-concentration (0.4%) xanthan gum dispersion flow model for different molar concentrations of sodium chloride (0–0.25M) and different temperatures (20–70°C). The Ostwald–de Waele model is used in all cases. A temperature rise reduces the shear-thinning characteristics of the systems, although the power law index is much less sensitive to changes in temperature when NaCl is added, even in very small amounts. The lowest consistency values correspond to the dispersions formulated in the absence of salt, the highest values are observed for molar values of ≥0.15, and there are decreases in consistency upon raising the temperature in all cases. The viscous behavio…

Molar concentrationPolymers and PlasticsSodiumThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementConcentration effectGeneral ChemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsViscosityVolume (thermodynamics)chemistryMaterials ChemistrymedicineEyring equationDispersion (chemistry)Xanthan gummedicine.drugJournal of Applied Polymer Science
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Elastic properties of CsCN

1983

The temperature dependence of the elastic constants of CsCN exhibiting the CsCl structure was measured with ultrasonic and neutron techniques. The room temperature values were found to bec11=18.8,c12=10.7 andc44=2.95 1010 dyn/cm2. The sound waves inT2g andEg symmetries exhibit anomalous temperature effects which are similar but definitively weaker than those in the NaCl type cyanides. In addition we measured the acoustic phonon dispersion along [100] and [110]. These results are compared with recent molecular dynamics calculations.

Molecular dynamicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsPhononDispersion (optics)General Materials ScienceNeutronUltrasonic sensorCondensed Matter PhysicsSound waveElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials
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Return Dispersion and Cross-Sectional Asset Pricing Anomalies

2015

Recent research finds that cross-sectional return dispersion provides a risk-based explanation for some investment anomalies, including accrual, investment, and momentum strategies. This study extends the analyses of return dispersion to a broad set of anomalies by testing whether the state of return dispersion is associated with anomalous returns. Empirical results for 12 well-known anomalies indicate a robust link between good and bad states of return dispersion and most anomalies. Also, return dispersion helps to explain a number anomalies regardless of their association with investor sentiment. We conclude that market risk related to return dispersion plays an important role in many inv…

Momentum (finance)Market riskAccrualFinancial economicsEconometricsEconomicsCapital asset pricing modelStatistical dispersionInvestment (macroeconomics)health care economics and organizationsSSRN Electronic Journal
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Risk-Managed 52-Week High Industry Momentum, Momentum Crashes, and Hedging Macroeconomic Risk

2017

This is the first study that investigates the profitability of Barroso and Santa-Clara’s (2015) risk managing approach for George and Hwang’s (2004) 52-week high momentum strategy in an industrial portfolio setting. The findings indicate that risk-managing adds value as the Sharpe ratio increases, and the downside risk remarkably decreases. Even after controlling for the spread of the traditional 52-week high industry momentum strategy in association with standard risk-factors, the risk-managed version generates economically and statistically significant payoffs. Notably, the risk-managed strategy is partially explained by changes in cross-sectional return dispersion, whereas the traditiona…

Momentum (finance)Sharpe ratioValue (economics)EconomicsDownside riskPortfolioCapital asset pricing modelProfitability indexStatistical dispersionMonetary economicsSSRN Electronic Journal
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Performances and morphology of polyamide/carbonaceous structures based fibers

2014

In this work the influence of carbonaceous particles with different particle sizes and shapes on the morphology and mechanical performances of polyamide (PA) based fibers was investigated. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) are compared with spherical and rod-like carbon fillers such as carbon black (CB) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The different morphologies of the particles control their dispersion and their alignment in PA fibers upon elongational flow action and play a key role in structure-property relationships.

Morphology (linguistics)Materials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementCarbon nanotubeCarbon blacklaw.inventionExfoliated graphite nano-plateletschemistrylawPolyamidemorphologyParticlemechanical propertieComposite materialpolyamidesDispersion (chemistry)carbonaceous particleCarbon
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Taking advantage of the functional synergism between carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets to obtain polypropylene-based nanocomposites with en…

2020

Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) were incorporated in Polypropylene (PP) as single filler (CNT=1, 2 and 4 %wt. and GNP=2, 4, and 6 %wt.) and in hybrid form (CNT:GNP weight ratio 2:2, 2:4 and 4:2) using a prototype miniature Twin Screw Extruder (TSE) coupled with a double slit rheological die, in order to assess in-line the extent of nanofiller dispersion and to deliver PP-based nanocomposites with enhanced thermo-oxidative stability. The morphological, electrical and mechanical properties, as well as the resistance to thermal and photo degradation of the composites containing single nanofillers (PP/CNT and PP/GNP) were compared with those of hybrid PP based nanocompos…

MorphologyFiller (packaging)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsHybrid PP based nanocompositesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyCarbon nanotubeOxidative resistance010402 general chemistryIn-line rheology characterization01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundRheologylawMaterials ChemistryPhotodegradationPolypropyleneScience & TechnologyNanocompositeOrganic ChemistryMechanical behaviour021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDurability0104 chemical sciencesSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryChemical engineering0210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)European Polymer Journal
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