Search results for "Diss"
showing 10 items of 2500 documents
Designing robust immediate release tablet formulations avoiding food effects for BCS class 3 drugs
2019
Abstract Food induced viscosity in the gastrointestinal tract is reported to reduce the bioavailability of tablets containing BCS class 3 drugs, mainly by retarding their disintegration and dissolution of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The role of formulation factors in minimizing this negative food effect is largely unknown. Combinations of disintegrants were studied together with soluble and insoluble fillers and trospium chloride as model drug substance. Different batches of tablets were compressed at 10 kN and 30 kN, by incorporating different combinations of croscarmellose sodium (CSS), cross-linked (CPD) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) at low level i.e, 2% + 2% and high level…
Exploring the applicability of dissipative fluid dynamics to small systems by comparison to the Boltzmann equation
2018
[Background] Experimental data from heavy-ion experiments at RHIC-BNL and LHC-CERN are quantitatively described using relativistic fluid dynamics. Even p+A and p+p collisions show signs of collective behavior describable in the same manner. Nevertheless, small system sizes and large gradients strain the limits of applicability of fluid-dynamical methods. [Purpose] The range of applicability of fluid dynamics for the description of the collective behavior, and in particular of the elliptic flow, of small systems needs to be explored. [Method] Results of relativistic fluid-dynamical simulations are compared with solutions of the Boltzmann equation in a longitudinally boost-invariant picture. …
Resistive dissipative magnetohydrodynamics from the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation
2019
We derive the equations of motion of relativistic, resistive, second-order dissipative magnetohydrodynamics from the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation using the method of moments. We thus extend our previous work [Phys. Rev. D 98, 076009 (2018)], where we only considered the non-resistive limit, to the case of finite electric conductivity. This requires keeping terms proportional to the electric field $E^\mu$ in the equations of motions and leads to new transport coefficients due to the coupling of the electric field to dissipative quantities. We also show that the Navier-Stokes limit of the charge-diffusion current corresponds to Ohm's law, while the coefficients of electrical conductivity and cha…
Nonresistive dissipative magnetohydrodynamics from the Boltzmann equation in the 14-moment approximation
2018
We derive the equations of motion of relativistic, non-resistive, second-order dissipative magnetohydrodynamics from the Boltzmann equation using the method of moments. We assume the fluid to be composed of a single type of point-like particles with vanishing dipole moment or spin, so that the fluid has vanishing magnetization and polarization. In a first approximation, we assume the fluid to be non-resistive, which allows to express the electric field in terms of the magnetic field. We derive equations of motion for the irreducible moments of the deviation of the single-particle distribution function from local thermodynamical equilibrium. We analyze the Navier-Stokes limit of these equati…
Latest predictions from the EbyE NLO EKRT model
2019
We present the latest results from the NLO pQCD + saturation + viscous hydrodynamics (EbyE NLO EKRT) model. The parameters in the EKRT saturation model are fixed by the charged hadron multiplicity in the 0-5 \% 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions. The $\sqrt{s}$, $A$ and centrality dependence of the initial particle production follows then from the QCD dynamics of the model. This allows us to predict the $\sqrt{s}$ and $A$ dependence of the particle production. We show that our results are in an excellent agreement with the low-$p_T$ data from 2.76 TeV and 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC as well as with the data from the 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. In particular, we study the centrality de…
Molecular tunneling and pumping effects in low temperature MBCO recombination
1992
Recombination of carbonmonoxide after photodissociation has been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy at 4.2K and in the low temperature region, where tunneling effects play an important role in rebinding. We interpret the kinetic results in terms of a radiationless nonadiabatic multiphonon transition, which leads to a uniform description for all temperatures. Prolonged illumination at low temperature results in pumping into long-living states.
Dissociation mechanisms of cluster ions resolved using ab-initio molecular orbital calculations
2007
We have examined the cluster-size effect on fragments in the collision-induced dissociation (CID) of small boron clusters (B + n , n ≤ 8) by means of ab-initio molecular orbital (MO) calculation, for conditions representative of low-Z cationic clusters in plasma. Single cations B + (leaving B 0 n-1 ) are predominantly fragmented from small clusters B + n (n < 5) by low-energy collisions (<10 eV) with Xe atoms. With increasing the size n, beyond n = 5, B + n-1 (leaving B°) clusters are observed preferentially. This alternating trend in experiment has not been quantitatively explained by previous ab-initio MO calculations. We used a density functional method called B3LYP and basis functions 6…
Recombination studies of photodissociated MbCO by Mössbauer spectroscopy at low temperatures
1990
Rebinding of carbonmonoxide to myoglobin after photodissociation has been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy at 57.6 K and below for up to 9 days. The time dependence is reproduced by a set of exponentials representing a distribution of activation enthalpies. A shift to smaller values of these activation enthalpies and of the preexponential factor compared to optical studies at higher temperatures has been observed as well as pumping into long-living states.
Metal ion beams from an ECR ion source using volatile compounds
1994
Abstract A new MIVOC method (Metal Ions from Volatile Compounds) at an ECR ion source gives a means to produce highly charged metal ion beams at room temperature conditions. Chemical compounds containing metallic atoms are utilized. The compound has to fulfill the two basic requirements: Vapour pressure of the compound is relatively high at room temperature. Evaporation and diffusion of the compound into the source take place without dissociation of the molecule. Up to present metal ion beams from iron and nickel compounds have been produced. The maximum currents of 56Fe9+ and 58Ni10+ from natural elements were 23.9 μA and 18.7 μA, respectively. First measurements have demonstrated the abil…
Critical point Higgs inflation in the Palatini formulation
2021
We study Higgs inflation in the Palatini formulation with the renormalisation group improved potential in the case when loop corrections generate a feature similar to an inflection point. Assuming that there is a threshold correction for the Higgs quartic coupling $\lambda$ and the top Yukawa coupling $y_t$, we scan the three-dimensional parameter space formed by the two jumps and the non-minimal coupling $\xi$. The spectral index $n_s$ can take any value in the observationally allowed range. The lower limit for the running is $\alpha_s>-3.5\times10^{-3}$, and $\alpha_s$ can be as large as the observational upper limit. Running of the running is small. The tensor-to-scalar ratio is $2.2\tim…