Search results for "Diss"

showing 10 items of 2500 documents

The erosion of personal norms and cognitive dissonance

2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, we study how personal norms and behaviour interact and evolve when agents try to reduce cognitive dissonance, and how this dynamic relates to Nash equilibrium. We find that in long run, agents play, and norms prescribe, Nash equilibrium in material payoffs (in the absence of norms). Our model captures two main facts: (i) norms erode along the play of the game; (ii) the erosion of norms depends on the set of possible economic choices, so that the policy maker can potentially influence them.

Computer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryEconomics and EconometricsSelf-justification05 social sciencesPolicy makerCognitive dissonancenorm dynamicsSettore SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA050105 experimental psychologyNash equilibrium0506 political scienceMicroeconomicssymbols.namesakeNash equilibriumCognitive dissonance; dominant strategies; Nash equilibrium; norm dynamics; Economics and Econometricsdominant strategies050602 political science & public administrationsymbolsCognitive dissonanceEconomics0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSet (psychology)Mathematical economics
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Compression-based classification of biological sequences and structures via the Universal Similarity Metric: experimental assessment.

2007

Abstract Background Similarity of sequences is a key mathematical notion for Classification and Phylogenetic studies in Biology. It is currently primarily handled using alignments. However, the alignment methods seem inadequate for post-genomic studies since they do not scale well with data set size and they seem to be confined only to genomic and proteomic sequences. Therefore, alignment-free similarity measures are actively pursued. Among those, USM (Universal Similarity Metric) has gained prominence. It is based on the deep theory of Kolmogorov Complexity and universality is its most novel striking feature. Since it can only be approximated via data compression, USM is a methodology rath…

Computer scienceAlgorismesPrediction by partial matchingCompression dissimilaritycomputer.software_genreBiochemistryProtein Structure SecondaryPhylogenetic studiesStructural BiologySequence Analysis ProteinDatabases Proteinlcsh:QH301-705.5Biological dataNCDApplied MathematicsGenomicsClassificationCDComputer Science ApplicationsBenchmarking:Informàtica::Informàtica teòrica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Universal compression dissimilarityArea Under CurveMetric (mathematics)lcsh:R858-859.7Data miningAlgorithmsData compressionResearch Article:Informàtica::Aplicacions de la informàtica::Bioinformàtica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Normalization (statistics)lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsBioinformatics Sequence Alignment AlgorithmsSet (abstract data type)Similarity (network science)Normalized compression sissimilarityData compression (Computer science)AnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceMolecular BiologyBiologyDades -- Compressió (Informàtica)USMUniversal similarity metricProteinsUCDProtein Structure TertiaryData setGenòmicaStatistical classificationlcsh:Biology (General)ROC CurvecomputerSequence AlignmentSoftwareBMC bioinformatics
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The promise of spintronics for unconventional computing

2021

Novel computational paradigms may provide the blueprint to help solving the time and energy limitations that we face with our modern computers, and provide solutions to complex problems more efficiently (with reduced time, power consumption and/or less device footprint) than is currently possible with standard approaches. Spintronics offers a promising basis for the development of efficient devices and unconventional operations for at least three main reasons: (i) the low-power requirements of spin-based devices, i.e., requiring no standby power for operation and the possibility to write information with small dynamic energy dissipation, (ii) the strong nonlinearity, time nonlocality, and/o…

Computer scienceFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesQuantum nonlocalityAffordable and Clean EnergyBlueprintMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencescond-mat.mes-hallElectronic engineeringHardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURESStandby powerApplied Physics010302 applied physicsSpintronicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMechanical EngineeringReservoir computingPhysics - Applied PhysicsMaterials EngineeringPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)Dissipation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCMOS integrated circuits; Computation theory; Energy dissipation; Green computing; Spin fluctuations; Spintronics; Tunnel junctionsCMOS0210 nano-technologyUnconventional computingphysics.app-ph
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Evaluation of the Use of a City Center through the Use of Bluetooth Sensors Network

2019

In order to achieve the objectives of Smart Cities, public administrations need to take measures to regulate mobility, which undoubtedly requires a high level of information and sensorization. Until the implementation of the connected vehicle takes place, it is still necessary to install sensors to obtain information about mobility. Bluetooth sensors are becoming a useful tool due to the low cost of equipment and installation. The use of Bluetooth sensors in cities, with short distances between sensors, makes it necessary to propose new classification algorithms that allow the trips of pedestrians and vehicles to be differentiated. This article presents the study carried out in the city of …

Computer scienceGeography Planning and DevelopmentReal-time computinglcsh:TJ807-8300211 other engineering and technologieslcsh:Renewable energy sourcestraffic management02 engineering and technologyManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawvehicle and pedestrian travel timelaw.inventionBluetoothlawSmart city0502 economics and businessDesenvolupament sostenibleDisseny urbàlcsh:Environmental scienceslcsh:GE1-350050210 logistics & transportationRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentMAC addressbluetooth sensorlcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants05 social sciences021107 urban & regional planningvalencia city centerlcsh:TD194-195smart cityOrder (business)mobility studies using BTCirculacióOrigin-Destination matricesMobile deviceSustainability
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Verlustbehaftete Bilddatenreduktion von digitalen Koronarangiogrammen: Vergleich der Bildqualität durch einen objektiven Paramter

1997

Computer scienceImage qualitybusiness.industryBiomedical EngineeringDissipative systemComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessImage (mathematics)Data reductionBiomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering
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Application of Model Predictive Control in Discrete Displacement Cylinders to Drive a Knuckle Boom Crane

2018

In this paper, two Discrete Displacement Cylinders (DDCs) are used to drive the boom of a knuckle boom crane. DDCs operate by connecting one of several available pressure levels to each chamber in order to produce different forces. A trade-off exists with such systems, between the accuracy of tracking and energy dissipation due to switching. A popular way to approach this problem is a Force Shifting Algorithm (FSA). However, in this paper, the trade-off is managed by use of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm. The tracking accuracy and energy efficiency of the MPC and FSA strategies for DDCs are compared to a PID strategy for standard cylinders. The comparison is obtained by use of a…

Computer sciencePID controllerDissipationKnuckle Boom CraneBoomDisplacement (vector)Model predictive controlKnucklemedicine.anatomical_structureControl theoryDiscrete Displacement CylindersmedicineModel predictive controlEnergy (signal processing)Efficient energy use
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Design of a Time Dissemination System Using Chirp Modulation for Medium Voltage Smart Grid Applications

2020

The monitoring and the management of smart grid require an advanced communication infrastructure. The time synchronization is among the most important services such an infrastructure should offer. Several solutions are available to disseminate the time information in a distributed system; for instance, most of the times a global positioning system (GPS) receiver is used to recover accurate time information. However, GPS receivers need a clear view of the sky. Other solutions, like the use of a network-based synchronization mechanism, require a dedicated communication infrastructure, which is not always feasible for economical reason. Thus, the use of the power grid itself to disseminate a t…

Computer scienceTime signal02 engineering and technologyIRIG-BSynchronizationChirp modulation IRIG-B medium voltage (MV) distribution grid smart grid time synchronization0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringChirpElectronic engineeringElectrical and Electronic Engineeringsmart gridtime synchronizationChirp modulationmedium voltage (MV) distribution gridInstrumentationDisseminationJitterbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringFrame (networking)GridPower-line communicationSmart gridModulationGlobal Positioning SystembusinessSettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E ElettronicheIEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
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¿Qué pueden aportar las ciencias de la visión al diseño gráfico?

2020

[ES] El diseño gráfico es importante y necesario en el mundo de hoy porque la vista es la principal forma de adquisición de información. Por lo tanto, es lógico pensar que las ciencias de la visión pueden ayudar en la toma de decisiones a nivel de diseño. Comprender conceptos como la agudeza visual, la sensibilidad al contraste, entre otros, contribuirá a optimizar la legibilidad del texto a través de una selección óptima de parámetros tipográficos para formatos impresos y digitales. Además, entender el efecto de las diferentes alteraciones en la visión del color mejorará la accesibilidad del diseño.

Computer scienceVisión del colorPercepció visualPercepciónAccesibilidad050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesSistema visualPsicofísica0302 clinical medicineDissenyHuman–computer interactionSelection (linguistics)Psychophysics0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesInformation acquisitionColour visionbusiness.industry05 social sciencesColour VisionGraphic designAccessibilityReadabilitySight030221 ophthalmology & optometryPerceptionVisual systembusiness
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Ab initio modelling of UN grain boundary interfaces

2012

The uranium mononitride (UN) is a material considered as a promising candidate for Generation-IV nuclear reactor fuels. Unfortunately, oxygen in air affects UN fuel performance and stability. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of oxygen adsorption and further UN oxidation in the bulk and at surface. Recently, we performed a detailed study on oxygen interaction with UN surface using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We were able to identify an atomistic mechanism of UN surface oxidation consisting of several important steps, starting with the oxygen molecule dissociation and finishing with oxygen atom incorporation into vacancies on the surface. However, in re…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceAb initioMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsUraniumOxygenDissociation (chemistry)chemistryVacancy defectMoleculeDensity functional theoryGrain boundary
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Hydrogen-related conversion processes of Ge-related point defects in silica triggered by UV laser irradiation

2005

The conversion processes of Ge-related point defects triggered in amorphous SiO2 by 4.7eV laser exposure were investigated. Our study has focused on the interplay between the (=Ge•-H) H(II) center and the twofold coordinated Ge defect (=Ge••). The former is generated in the post-irradiation stage, while the latter decays both during and after exposure. The post-irradiation decay kinetics of =Ge•• is isolated and found to be anti-correlated to the growth of H(II), at least at short times. From this finding it is suggested that both processes are due to trapping of radiolytic H0 at the diamagnetic defect site. Furthermore, the anti-correlated behavior is preserve…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceHydrogenKineticsPhotodissociationchemistry.chemical_elementMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter Physicsmedicine.disease_causePhotochemistryCrystallographic defectElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidchemistryImpuritymedicineIrradiationUltraviolet
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