Search results for "Distribution"

showing 10 items of 6008 documents

Hepatic amino acid uptake is decreased in lactating rats. In vivo and in vitro studies.

1994

To study the redistribution of amino acids to the mammary gland during lactation we used lactating and virgin rats fed liquid diets. Virgin rats were divided in two groups: one group was fed daily a diet containing the same amount of protein that was consumed the previous day by lactating rats (high protein diet-fed rats), and the other virgin group was fed the normal liquid diet (control). The hepatic availability of amino acids was significantly higher in the lactating rats than in the other two groups, but the uptake and fractional extraction of amino acids by the liver were lower in lactating rats than in the high protein-fed virgin controls. When primary hepatocyte cultures were used, …

medicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresLiquid dietMedicine (miscellaneous)Biological AvailabilityHigh-protein dietBiologymedicine.disease_causeLactationInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsLactationTissue DistributionAmino AcidsRats WistarIncubationCells Culturedchemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsMetabolismProlactinAmino acidProlactinRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryLiverHepatocyteFemaleDietary ProteinsLiver CirculationThe Journal of nutrition
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Activation of Astrocytes in the Persistence of Post-hypoxic Respiratory Augmentation

2021

Acute hypoxia increases ventilation. After cessation of hypoxia loading, ventilation decreases but remains above the pre-exposure baseline level for a time. However, the mechanism of this post-hypoxic persistent respiratory augmentation (PHRA), which is a short-term potentiation of breathing, has not been elucidated. We aimed to test the hypothesis that astrocytes are involved in PHRA. To this end, we investigated hypoxic ventilatory responses by whole-body plethysmography in unanesthetized adult mice. The animals breathed room air, hypoxic gas mixture (7% O2, 93% N2) for 2min, and again room air for 10min before and after i.p. administration of low (100mg/kg) and high (300mg/kg) doses of a…

medicine.medical_specialtyarundic acidPhysiologypost-hypoxic respiratory augmentationTRPA1Persistence (computer science)astrocytePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineQP1-981PlethysmographRespiratory systemOriginal Researchshort-term potentiationhypoxiaChemistryfood and beveragesLong-term potentiationHypoxia (medical)Endocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureplasticityBreathingRoom air distributionrespiratory controlmedicine.symptompsychological phenomena and processesAstrocyteFrontiers in Physiology
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Fat Distribution and Adipose Products in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2007

Because adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ that secretes many substances with profound effects on metabolism and the cardiovascular (CV) system, most obese subjects have an increased CV risk. However, 20% of obese subjects are metabolically healthy, and many studies suggest that fat distribution, in particular abdominal fat excess, is the most important factor that determines a secretion of adipose products that may increase CV risk.

medicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryHyperandrogenismAdipose tissueFat distributionmedicine.diseasePolycystic ovaryEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineAbdominal fatEndocrine systemSecretionObese subjectsbusiness
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Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene are associated with body fat distribution and risk of abdominal obesity in Spanish population

2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2011 Abstract Background  Increased accumulation of fat results from an imbalance between energy expenditure and intake, being modulated by different environmental and genetic factors. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial carrier proteins able to spend energy generating heat. Therefore, variations in these genes are good candidates as potential modulators of body fat accumulation. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of genetic variations of the gene codifying the UCP2 protein with obesity and fat distribution. Design  We performed a cross-sectional study in 2367 individuals from two population-based studies from different regions of Spain. The Horte…

medicine.medical_specialtyeducation.field_of_studyWaistClinical BiochemistryPopulationGeneral MedicineBiologymedicine.diseaseBiochemistryObesityEndocrinologyInternal medicineGenetic variationGenotypemedicinemedicine.symptomeducationGeneAbdominal obesityBody fat distributionEuropean Journal of Clinical Investigation
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Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection and New Insights About Correlation Between Pro-inflammatory Markers and Heart Failure: A Syste…

2021

Introduction: Surgical approaches to treat patients with abnormal pro-inflammatory parameters remain controversial, and the debate on the correlation between hematological parameter alteration in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection and the increase in mortality continues.Methods: We performed a systematic review using the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. Twenty-two articles from May 2007 to April 2020 were selected and divided according to the following topics: prevalence of microbes in patients with CIED infection; characteristics of patients with CIED infection; comparison between patients who underwent and did not undergo replantation after device extrac…

medicine.medical_specialtyheart failure030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCochrane LibraryCardiovascular Medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSettore MED/43 - Medicina LegaleWhite blood cellInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemrisk factors030212 general & internal medicineLeukocytosisCIED infectionbusiness.industrymicrobiologyRed blood cell distribution widthmedicine.diseaseinflammatory markersComorbiditymedicine.anatomical_structureHeart failureMeta-analysisRC666-701cardiac infection CED infimammatorySystematic Reviewmedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessFrontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Exploring Potential Benefits of Accumulated Multicomponent-Training in Non-Active Older Adults: From Physical Fitness to Mental Health

2021

The present study aimed to analyze the impact of a multicomponent training (MCT) program in a group of non-active older adults, comparing two different dose distributions. Twenty-four individuals, assigned to two groups, completed 15 weeks of MCT (2 days/week). The continuous group (CMCT

medicine.medical_specialtyinstrumental activities of daily lifePost hocHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesisactive agingPhysical fitnessPhysical exerciseDose distributionPhysical functionwalking speedelderlywellnessArticlephysical exercisesedentary behaviorMedicineHumansExerciseMorningAgedbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthRCardiorespiratory fitnessExercise TherapyPreferred walking speedMental Healthexecutive functionPhysical FitnessPhysical therapyQuality of LifeMedicineFemalebusinessstrengthInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Ventilation Distribution In Two Different Models Of Acute Lung Injury - Electrical Impedance Tomography Validation By Dynamic Xenon-Multidetector-Row…

2011

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementComputed tomographyLung injurylaw.inventionXenonchemistrylawVentilation (architecture)medicineDistribution (pharmacology)RadiologybusinessElectrical impedance tomographyD31. NON-PULMONARY CRITICAL CARE AND MONITORING
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Source strength determination in iridium-192 and cobalt-60 brachytherapy : A European survey on the level of agreement between clinical measurements …

2021

Background and purpose: Brachytherapy treatment outcomes depend on the accuracy of the delivered dose distribution, which is proportional to the reference air-kerma rate (RAKR). Current societal recommendations require the medical physicist to compare the measured RAKR values to the manufacturer source calibration certificate. The purpose of this work was to report agreement observed in current clinical practice in the European Union. Materials and methods: A European survey was performed for high- and pulsed-dose-rate (HDR and PDR) highenergy sources (Ir-192 and Co-60), to quantify observed RAKR differences. Medical physicists at eighteen hospitals from eight European countries were contac…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyTreatment outcomeBrachytherapyR895-920HDRDose distributionMedical physicistMedical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicinePDRmedicinemedia_common.cataloged_instanceRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsOriginal Research ArticleEuropean unionRC254-282media_commonRadiationCobalt 60 brachytherapybusiness.industryRAKRNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensCertificateSource strengthCalibrationRadiologi och bildbehandlingbusinessRAKR; Calibration; HDR; PDR; BrachytherapyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
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Sex Differences in Severity of Stroke in the INSTRUCT Study: a Meta‐Analysis of Individual Participant Data

2018

Background Women have worse outcomes after stroke than men, and this may be partly explained by stroke severity. We examined factors contributing to sex differences in severity of acute stroke assessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Methods and Results We pooled individual participant data with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale assessment (N=6343) from 8 population‐based stroke incidence studies (1996–2014), forming part of INSTRUCT (International Stroke Outcomes Study). Information on sociodemographics, stroke‐related clinical factors, comorbidities, and pre‐stroke function were obtained. Within each study, relative risk regression using log‐binominal modeling…

medicine.medical_specialtysex differencePopulation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGlobal HealthRisk AssessmentSeverity of Illness IndexBrain IschemiaBrain ischemia03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsInternal medicineEpidemiologySeverity of illnessmedicineHumanscardiovascular diseasesSex DistributioneducationStrokeIntracerebral hemorrhageeducation.field_of_studyQuality and OutcomesSystematic Review and Meta‐analysisbusiness.industryIncidenceMeta Analysismedicine.diseasestrokeMeta-analysisRelative riskepidemiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of the American Heart Association
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Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: Critical review and guidelines for management

2011

Background CMI is caused by chronic occlusive disease of mesenteric arteries. In such an uncommon disease, clear recommendations are strongly needed. Unfortunately, treatment options for symptomatic CMI are still controversial and no guidelines exist. Methods A systematic literature review of the last 25-years was conducted through MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Review/Trials register to identify studies reporting on CMI treatment with more than 10 patients. Primary outcomes were perioperative mortality and morbidity rates. Secondary outcomes were survival rates, primary and secondary patency rates, vessels treated, CMI recurrence, follow-up (FU), technical success (TS), and in-hospital leng…

mesenteric chronic ischemia vascular surgeryPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsMEDLINE610 Medicine & healthDiseaseSettore MED/22 - Chirurgia Vascolare2705 Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineIschemiaRecurrenceRisk FactorsMesenteric Vascular OcclusionmedicineHumansVascular PatencyVascular DiseasesSurvival rateVascular PatencyChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industry10042 Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyPatient Selection10031 Clinic for AngiologyEndovascular ProceduresGeneral MedicinePerioperativeLength of Staymedicine.disease10020 Clinic for Cardiac Surgery2746 SurgeryTreatment OutcomeSystematic reviewMesenteric ischemiaMesenteric IschemiaPractice Guidelines as TopicSurgeryCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessVascular Surgical ProceduresChi-squared distributionAlgorithms
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