Search results for "Diterpene"

Gut microbiota of the pine weevil degrades conifer diterpenes and increases insect fitness

2017

AbstractThe pine weevil (Hylobius abietis), a major pest of conifer forests throughout Europe, feeds on the bark and cambium, tissues rich in terpenoid resins that are toxic to many insect herbivores. Here we report the ability of the pine weevil gut microbiota to degrade the diterpene acids of Norway spruce. The diterpene acid levels present in ingested bark were substantially reduced on passage through the pine weevil gut. This reduction was significantly less upon antibiotic treatment, and supplementing the diet with gut suspensions from untreated insects restored the ability to degrade diterpenes. In addition, cultured bacteria isolated from pine weevil guts were shown to degrade a Norw…

Volatile unsaturated hydrocarbons emitted by seedlings of Brassica species provide host location cues to Bagrada hilaris

2018

Bagrada hilaris Burmeister, is a stink bug native to Asia and Africa and invasive in the United States, Mexico, and more recently, South America. This species can cause serious damage to various vegetable crops in the genus Brassica, with seedlings being particularly susceptible to B. hilaris feeding activity. In this study, the role of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by seedlings of three Brassica species on the host preference of B. hilaris was evaluated. In dual choice arena and olfactometer bioassays, adult painted bugs preferred B. oleracea var. botrytis and B. napus over B. carinata. Volatiles from B. oleracea seedlings were collected and bioassayed with B. hilaris adults an…

NMR structure determination of (11E)-trinervita-1(14),2,11-triene, a new diterpene from sexual glands of termites

2005

Graphical Abstract Full-size image; International audience; Female alates of Nasutitermes ephratae termites from Guadeloupe and Nasutitermes sp. from Brazil produce a diterpene hydrocarbon of the molecular formula C20H30 as the main component of their tergal gland secretion. Analysis of NMR, IR, and mass spectra of the diterpene led to a structure of (11E)-trinervita-1(14),2,11-triene. Based on a comparison with the published oxygenated trinervitane skeleton from termites we prefer the enantiomer with absolute configurations (4R,7S,8R,15S,16S). The suggested structure is supported by ab initio quantum chemical calculation of 1H and 13C chemical shifts for the optimized geometry of the molec…

The abietane diterpene taxodione contributes to the antioxidant activity of rosemary by-product in muscle tissue

2019

International audience; Research on rosemary antioxidant activity and its potential use in human health and food applications is focused on rosemary leaves and two main bioactive compounds carnosic acid and carnosol. However, many other, not-yet identified molecules could be present, especially in rosemary by-products. In this study, we first showed that rosemary stem extract was the most efficient in protecting human skeletal muscle cells against oxidation. Then, using bioassay-guided fractionation, we identified taxodione, an abietane diterpene, as the main bioactive molecule in the rosemary stem extract. We demonstrated that taxodione protects skeletal muscle cells from hydrogen peroxide…

Chemical Composition, In Vitro Antitumor and Pro-Oxidant Activities of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Boraginaceae) Essential Oil

2018

The biological properties of essential oils have been demonstrated in the treatment of several diseases and to enhance the bioavailability of other drugs. In natural habitats the essential oils compounds may play important roles in the protection of the plants as antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, insecticides and also against herbivores by reducing their appetite for such plants or by repelling undesirable others. We analyzed by gas-chromatography mass spectrometry the chemical composition of the essential oil of aerial parts of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Ten.) D.C. Thomas obtained by hydrodistillation and verified some biological activities on a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma cell …

Anti-inflammatory tetraquinane diterpenoids from a Crinipellis species.

2016

The small pro-inflammatory 10kDa chemokine CXCL10 (Interferon-inducible protein 10, IP-10) plays an important role in mediating immune responses through the activation and recruitment of leukocytes such as T cells, eosinophils, monocytes and NK cells to the sites of inflammation. Elevated levels of CXCL10 have been associated with chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases and therefore CXCL10 represents an attractive target for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. In a search for anti-inflammatory compounds from fungi inhibiting the inducible CXCL10 promoter activity, four new tetraquinane diterpenoids, crinipellin E (1), crinipellin F (2), crinipellin G (3) and crinipellin H …

Anti-herpetic and anti-dengue activity of abietane ferruginol analogues synthesized from (+)-dehydroabietylamine

2015

The abietane-type diterpenoid (+)-ferruginol (1), a bioactive compound isolated from several plants, has attracted much attention as consequence of its pharmacological properties, which includes antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-plasmodial, leishmanicidal, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor actions. In this study, we report on the antiviral evaluation of ferruginol (1) and several analogues synthesized from commercial (+)-dehydroabietylamine. Thus, the activity against Human Herpesvirus type 1, Human Herpesvirus type 2 and Dengue Virus type 2, was studied. Two ferruginol analogues showed high antiviral selectivity index and reduc…

Ingenol mebutate gel is effective against anogenital warts - a case series in 17 patients.

2015

An exploratory, prospective, open-label trial of ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% for the treatment of external anogenital warts

2017

BACKGROUND Anogenital warts (AGW) can cause physical discomfort and decreased quality of life. Recent case reports suggest that ingenol mebutate gel might be an effective treatment of AGW. OBJECTIVE To explore primarily the safety, and secondarily the efficacy of ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% in patients with AGW. METHODS This was an exploratory, open-label, 1-arm trial of ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% administered up to three times to patients with AGW. Safety was assessed by occurrence and severity of local skin reactions (LSRs) and treatment-related adverse events (AEs). Efficacy was assessed by complete clearance and reduction in AGW count 14 days after last treatment, and recurrence 12 weeks…

Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia due to apolipoprotein B R463W mutation causes intestinal fat accumulation and low postprandial lipemia

2008

Abstract Objective Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) is characterized by inherited low plasma levels of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins. In this paper we investigated whether the already described APOB R463W missense mutation, a FHBL mutation able to impair the activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), may cause intestinal fat accumulation and reduced postprandial lipemia. Methods Four out of five probands harboring APOB R463W mutation were compared with six healthy controls and six patients with celiac disease (CD). An oral fat load supplemented with retinyl palmitate (RP) was administered and a gastro-duodenal endoscopy with biopsy was performed. Re…