Search results for "Dot"
showing 10 items of 5147 documents
Acute effects of coffee on QT interval in healthy subjects
2011
Abstract The coronary endothelial function is recognized to have an important role in the physiology of the diastolic ventricular relaxation, a phase of the heart cycle that influences the electrocardiographic QT interval. Endothelial function is investigated in vivo by flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery and has proven to be a strong predictor of both coronary endothelial function and cardiovascular events. It has been reported that coffee acutely induces FMD changes. In particular, the brachial artery FMD seems to decrease after caffeinated coffee (CC) and to increase after decaffeinated coffee (DC) ingestion. Since the cardiovascular effects of coffee are still a debated …
Dose-dependent effects of decaffeinated coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects
2009
ackground/Objectives: Coffee is known to contain antioxidant substances whose effects may be blunted because of caffeine that may unfavorably affect the cardiovascular system. This study was designed to investigate the acute dose-dependent effects of decaffeinated coffee (DC) on endothelial function measured by the brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Subjects/Methods: A total of 15 (8 men and 7 women) healthy nonobese subjects underwent a single-blind, crossover study. Subjects ingested one and two cups of decaffeinated Italian espresso coffee in random order at 5- to 7-day intervals. Results: In the hour following the ingestion of two cups of DC, FMD increased (mean±s.e.m.): 0 mi…
Erectile dysfunction is associated with low total serum testosterone levels and impaired flow-mediated vasodilation in intermediate risk men accordin…
2015
Background: The role erectile dysfunction (ED) coupled with low testosterone levels as early markers of atherosclerosis is not well understood. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between serum testosterone levels with both ED and brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), in a primary prevention sample of men. Methods: We enrolled 802 asymptomatic, intermediate CV risk patients, according to the Framingham Risk Score, aged 40e80 years, who underwent the ultrasound examination of FMD, the evaluation of ED and the assessment of total serum testosterone levels. Results: Testosterone levels correlated both with FMD (r ¼ 0.85; p < 0.0001) and IIEF-5 score (rs ¼ 0.65; p < 0.0001…
Pathophysiologic quantities of endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha release in whole blood from patients with chronic heart failure.
2002
Bacterial endotoxin activity is elevated in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure (HF) and acts as a potent stimulus for immune activation. We sought to determine whether endotoxin, at an activity level seen in vivo (around 0.6 EU/ml), is sufficient to stimulate the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF-alpha soluble receptor (sTNFR2) in ex vivo whole blood from patients with HF. We studied 15 patients with HF (aged 65 +/- 1.9 years, New York Heart Association class 2.1 +/- 0.3, left ventricular ejection fraction 31 +/- 5%; mean +/- SEM), of whom 5 had cardiac cachexia, and 7 healthy control subjects (59 +/- 5 years, p = NS). Reference endotoxin was added …
Role of endothelium and calcium channels in endothelin-induced contraction of human cerebral arteries
1990
Endothelin constricted human isolated cerebral arteries in a concentration-dependent manner. The maximal tension developed, as well as EC50 values were similar in arteries with and without endothelium. Removal of extracellular calcium or addition of the calcium antagonist nicardipine (10(-6)M), attenuated but did not abolish responses to endothelin. These experiments show that the endothelin-induced contraction in human cerebral arteries is not linked to the presence of intact endothelial cells. The data also show that the contractile effects of endothelin cannot be explained solely by an action on voltage-dependent calcium channels.
Endothelium-dependent responses in human isolated thyroid arteries from donors
2004
The functional properties of the endothelium of human thyroid arteries remain unexplored. We investigated the intervention of nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI(2)) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in the responses to acetylcholine and noradrenaline in isolated thyroid arteries obtained from multi-organ donors. Artery rings were suspended in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. The contribution of NO, PGI(2) and EDHF to endothelium-dependent relaxation was determined by the inhibitory effects of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), indomethacin, and K(+) channel inhibitors respectively. Acetylcholine induced concentration-dependent relaxation; this effect w…
Association of chemokines IP-10/CXCL10 and I-TAC/CXCL11 with insulin resistance and enhance leukocyte endothelial arrest in obesity
2021
Abstract Background and aims Obesity is a key contributing factor to incidental type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. CXCR3 receptor and its ligands CXCL 10 and 11 are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to analyse the role of the CXCR3 ligands on insulin resistance (IR) and endothelial dysfunction in human obesity. Methods and results We have studied 45 obese patients (mean age 44 ± 6 years, body mass index 45 ± 9 kg/m2) who were selected for Roux-Y-gastric bypass surgery and 21 non obese control subjects with similar age and gender distribution. We measured by ELISA the circulating levels of the CXCR3 ligands interferon-γ inducible pr…
Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 reduces contractions in human colon circular muscle.
2014
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) is a naturally occurring peptide secreted by intestinal L-cells. Though its primary function is to serve as an incretin, GLP1 reduces gastrointestinal motility. However, only a handful of animal studies have specifically evaluated the influence of GLP1 on colonic motility. Consequently, the aims of this study were to investigate the effects induced by exogenous GLP1, to analyze the mechanism of action, and to verify the presence of GLP1 receptors (GLP1Rs) in human colon circular muscular strips. Organ bath technique, RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used. In human colon, exogenous GLP1 reduced, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ampl…
Scheimpflug biometry of the anterior segment after implantation of foldable iris-fixated lenses.
2006
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate intraocular dimensions of the anterior segment of myopic phakic eyes after implantation of foldable iris-fixated lenses. METHODS: Seventeen myopic eyes that received a foldable iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) were assessed. Distances between the cornea and the IOLoptic edge and between the IOL optic and the crystalline lens were evaluated using Scheimpf lug photography 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The average postoperative distance between the central corneal endothelium and the anterior surface of the IOL was 2.01±0.26 mm. The distance between the corneal endothelium and the peripheral edge of the IOL averaged 1.32±0.18 mm at the 12 o'clock p…
Effects of intraocular cefotaxime on the human corneal endothelium
2001
Abstract Purpose To ascertain whether 0.4 mL of cefotaxime 0.25% applied intracamerally causes toxic alteration of the human corneal endothelium. Methods In this prospective randomized masked study, 66 patients had cataract extraction using phacoemulsification, a frown incision, and implantation of a poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lens. This was followed by intraocular injection of 0.4 mL of cefotaxime 0.25% or balanced salt solution (BSS®). Contact specular microscopy and photography were performed preoperatively and 1 to 4 days and 3 months postoperatively. Results In the cefotaxime group, the mean endothelial cell count was 2729 cells/mm 2 ± 474 (SD) preoperatively, 2520 ± 462 cel…