Search results for "Doxorubicin"

Cytotoxicity of the crude extract and constituents of the bark of Fagara tessmannii towards multi-factorial drug resistant cancer cells.

2019

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Fagara tessmannii Engl. is an African medicinal plant used in Cameroonian traditional medicine to treat various types of cancers. Aim of the study This work was designed to determine the cytotoxicity of the crude extract (FTB), fractions (FTBa-d) and compounds isolated from the bark of Fagara tessmannii, namely lupeol (1), fagaramide (2), zanthoxyline (3), hesperidin (4), nitidine chloride (5), fagaridine chloride (6), and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7). The study was extended to the mode of induction of apoptosis by FTB, compounds 5 and 6. Materials and methods The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of samples. …

Relapse risk after autologous transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma is not related with infused tumor cell load and the outcome is…

2006

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) multicentre randomized phase III study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of CD34+ selection in newly diagnosed myeloma patients undergoing autologous transplantation. DESIGN AND METHODS: One hundred and eleven patients responsive to initial chemotherapy were randomized to receive CD34+ selected (arm A) or unselected PBPC (arm B) after conditioning with high-dose melphalan and TBI. ASO-PCR was used to assess purging efficacy and reinfused tumor load. Tumor load could be assessed in 59 patients. RESULTS: CD34+ selection gave a median tumor cell depletion of 2.2 logs (0.77-5.96). No tumor ce…

Role of P-Glycoprotein for Resistance of Tumors to Anticancer Drugs: From Bench to Bedside

2014

Success of cancer chemotherapy is limited by simultaneous resistance towards many anticancer drugs making clinical combination therapy protocols less efficient. P-glycoprotein represents an efflux pump of the ABC transporter family, which recognizes and extrudes anticancer drugs of diverse chemical classes and biochemical functions. The P-glycoprotein-mediated profile of cross-resistance has been termed multidrug resistance (MDR). In our investigations, we focused on MDR of in vivo tumor lines maintained in mice. The development of in vivo resistance towards anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) in L1210 and S180 ascites tumor lines was accompanied with decreased uptake and increased e…

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and weekly paclitaxel (P) as second line chemotherapy in metastatic bladder cancer.

2008

P3488Mechanistic insight on the cardioprotective effect of levosimendan against doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy: Pivotal role of PKA signaling

2019

Abstract Background Levosimendan (LEVO) an inodilator indicated for the treatment of heart failure exerts multifaceted cardioprotective effects. Case-studies indicate protection against doxorubicin (DXR)-induced cardiotoxicity, but this effect remains elusive. We have previously shown that LEVO exerts cardioprotection against DXR-induced cardiomyopathy in a rat in vivo model, in a PKA/PKG-dependent manner. Purpose We sought to elucidate the mechanism of LEVO's induced cardioprotection and clarify the contribution of PKG and PKA pathways converging onto phospholamban (PLN). Methods As previously observed, LEVO at a dose of 24μg/kg protects against DXR cardiotoxicity, with protein kinase B (A…

Instruction of haematopoietic lineage choices, evolution of transcriptional landscapes and cancer stem cell hierarchies derived from an AML1-ETO mous…

2013

The t(8;21) chromosomal translocation activates aberrant expression of the AML1-ETO (AE) fusion protein and is commonly associated with core binding factor acute myeloid leukaemia (CBF AML). Combining a conditional mouse model that closely resembles the slow evolution and the mosaic AE expression pattern of human t(8;21) CBF AML with global transcriptome sequencing, we find that disease progression was characterized by two principal pathogenic mechanisms. Initially, AE expression modified the lineage potential of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), resulting in the selective expansion of the myeloid compartment at the expense of normal erythro- and lymphopoiesis. This lineage skewing was foll…

Does catalase play a role in Adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity?

1980

Summary Adriamycin causes an increase of lipid peroxidation in mouse cardiac homogenates that is dependent on the concentration of the antiblastic. The same phenomenon is not observed in the hearts of mice treated with an elevated dose of Adriamycin in which, conversely, an increase of the antioxidizing enzyme catalase was noticed. The significance of these findings is discussed with relationship to the hypothesis of an enhanced free radicals formation at the basis of Adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity.

Oxidative Stress and Cognitive Alterations Induced by Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs: A Scoping Review

2021

Cognitive impairment is one of the most deleterious effects of chemotherapy treatment in cancer patients, and this problem sometimes remains even after chemotherapy ends. Common classes of chemotherapy-based regimens such as anthracyclines, taxanes, and platinum derivatives can induce both oxidative stress in the blood and in the brain, and these effects can be reproduced in neuronal and glia cell cultures. In rodent models, both the acute and repeated administration of doxorubicin or adriamycin (anthracyclines) or cisplatin impairs cognitive functions, as shown by their diminished performance in different learning and memory behavioural tasks. Administration of compounds with strong antiox…

Estudio de los perfiles de expresión de microRNAs en líneas celulares de cáncer de mama triple negativo tratadas con doxorubicina: implicación de la …

2017

Entre los diferentes subtipos de cáncer de mama se encuentra el triple negativo, denominado así porque las células tumorales de este subtipo presentan baja expresión o carecen de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona, y receptores del factor de crecimiento epidérmico tipo II (HER2). Actualmente no existe una diana específica para el tratamiento de este tipo de cáncer de mama, caracterizado por ser muy agresivo, presentar alto riesgo de metástasis, un alto índice de recurrencia, y una bajo índice de supervivencia. Debido a la falta de dianas moleculares específicas, el tratamiento comúnmente utilizado es la quimioterapia. Dentro de los diferentes agentes quimioterápicos, se en…

Sviluppo di nanocarriers per il “drug release” controllato di biomolecole nella terapia antitumorale

2014

Una nuova generazione di nanogels (NGs) in poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) è stata ottenuta mediante beta–irraggiamento (e-beam) ad alta energia mediante elettroni accelerati, che permette in tempi brevi la reticolazione di polimeri in soluzione acquosa, utilizzando acceleratori di particelle lineari. Oltre al controllo dimensionale, l’aspetto innovativo di tale tecnica è la possibilità di ottenere nanogels sterili, la cui funzionalizzazione di superficie avviene in un unico step. Inizialmente, è stata provata la loro biocompatibilità e non genotossicità in sistemi biologici, caratteristiche fondamentali per la loro applicazione in campo biomedico. Inoltre, sono stati messi a punto dei prot…