Search results for "Drogues"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Adolescentes y drogas : su relación con la delincuencia
2016
Esta investigación describe la relación con las drogas en una muestra de 286 Adolescentes en Conflicto con la Ley de la ciudad de Valencia (España). Tiene por objeto analizar la relación entre trayectoria delictiva y consumo de drogas. Los resultados informan que, a mayor incidencia delictiva, mayor dependencia. En cuanto a patrones de consumo por tipo de sustancia, el cannabis se asocia a trayectorias delictivas iniciales, y la cocaína, a trayectorias consolidadas. El consumo se produce en escenarios habituales diurnos y se extiende a otros de ocio nocturno, y particularmente forma parte de la trayectoria consolidada en la vida cotidiana de los adolescentes en conflicto con la ley. This st…
La vigilancia de la salud del trabajador y el respeto a su intimidad en el supuesto del consumo de drogas
2013
En el presente estudio se abordan los problemas que presentan los reconocimientos médicos realizados a los trabajadores con el fin de encontrar sustancias tóxicas en su cuerpo. La vigilancia de la salud se debe de llevar a cabo respetando en todo momento el derecho a la intimidad de los trabajadores. Pero, ninguno de los dos derechos es absoluto, por lo que se tendrá que buscar un equilibrio entre ambos. Es el artículo 22 de la Ley de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales el que regula la forma de actuar en los reconocimientos médicos, que en suma, deben respetar el carácter voluntario y confidencial de las pruebas (salvo las excepciones contempladas en este mismo artículo). Sin duda, la vigilanc…
Learning to be a psychostimulants addict with self-regulation therapy
2018
This article presents the results of a single-case experiment of alternative treatments in which a participant applied the Self-Regulation Therapy (SRT) to reproduce the effects of a stimulant drug, methylphenidate, and a sedative, alcohol. The SRT is a learning procedure based on classic conditioning and suggestion that reproduces the effect of drugs by remembering the effects they have. The participant reproduced the effects of both drugs during ten sessions held on 5 consecutive days. To record effects, adjective scales were used that measured Drug effect, High, Rush, Energy, Tension and the General Factor of Personality (GFP). The results indicated that the participant was capable of in…
Impact of adolescent methamphetamine use on social cognition: A human-mice reverse translation study.
2021
Background: Methamphetamine dependence is associated with social cognition deficits that may underpin negative social outcomes. However, there are considerable inter-individual differences in social cognition within people with methamphetamine dependence, with age of onset of methamphetamine use being a potential contributing factor. Materials and methods: We conducted two sequential studies examining the link between age of onset of methamphetamine use (adolescence versus young adulthood) and performance in social cognition tests: (1) a human cross-sectional study in 95 participants with methamphetamine dependence varying in age of onset (38 with adolescent onset and 57 with adult onset) a…
Vicarious Social Defeat Increases Conditioned Rewarding Effects of Cocaine and Ethanol Intake in Female Mice
2023
Stress is a critical factor in the development of mood and drug use disorders. The social defeat model is not appropriate for female rodents due to their low level of aggression. Therefore, a robust female model of social stress needs to be developed and validated. The aim of the present study was to unravel the long-lasting effects of vicarious social defeat (VSD) on the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine and ethanol intake in female mice. Although VSD seems to be a good model for inducing behavioral and physiologic endophenotypes induced by stress, there are no studies to date that characterize the effect of VSD on cocaine or alcohol use. The results confirm that VSD females showed …
Chanching the externalizing and internalizing spectrum of personality with self-regultaion therapy
2018
This article presents an integrator model of changes in the externalizing and internalizing factors of personality grouped in the General Factor of Personality (GFP), based on the Unique Trait Personality Theory (UTPT) [1]. This theory proposes that a continuum exists between personality and psychopathology, as well as the existence of a GFP that occupies the apex of the hierarchy of personality, and extends from an impulsiveness-and-aggressiveness pole (externalizing spectrum) to an anxiety-and-introversion pole (internalizing spectrum). With an experimental intra-group design, 30 regular users of stimulant drugs (cocaine and amphetamine) used the Self-Regulation Therapy (SRT). The SRT is …
Consum de drogues en dones víctimes d’explotació sexual
2018
espanolEsta investigacion plantea como objetivo principal aproximarse a la problematica de las mujeres victimas de trata con finalidades de explotacion sexual, en relacion al consumo de drogas, mediante un metodo de analisis cualitativo. A partir de una entrevista semiestructurada de eleaboracion propia, se recoje la informacion de una muestra de 13 mujeres que se encuentran albergadas en la Fundacion de Solidaritat Amaranta de Granada y Valencia. Los resultados muestran que hay un consumo puntual de drogas en las mujeres de la muestra, pero con unos matices muy concretos. Se trata de un consumo impuesto por los miembros de la Red de Trata o como forma de soportar la explotacion. EnglishThi…
Drug Use Control Perception and Strategies in General and Clinical Population in a Spanish City
2021
Background: This article evaluates the perception of drug use control and strategies in Valencia City (Spain) in a general and clinical population, in two independent studies. Material and Methods: 1071 people participated. In the Study 1 (n= 924) the entire sample came from general population (GP), and in the Study 2 (n=147), 68 were drug users being treated in an Addictive Behaviors Unit (ABU), and 79 people of the GP. The drug use control perception and strategies in both subgroups were compared. The participants filled in the Drug Use Strategies Scale and a Drug Use Survey. Results: A high level of perception of drug control in GP was obtained (72,7% in the Study 1 and 67,5% in the Stud…
Behavioural and neurochemical effects after repeated administration of N-ethylpentylone (ephylone) in mice
2022
N-ethyl-pentylone (NEP), also known as "ephylone" and N-ethylnorpentylone, has been identified as one of the most recent novel psychostimulants to emerge into the illicit drug market and it has been associated with some intoxications and even fatalities. However, little is known about the consequences of its repeated consumption as well as the role of the monoaminergic system in such consequences. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the neurochemical profile and the behavioural effects after both acute and repeated NEP exposure. Male OF1 mice were acutely (1, 3, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) or repeatedly (1, 3, 10 mg/kg, i.p., 5 days, twice/day) exposed to NEP, and anxiety-like behaviour, aggr…
Inducing Effects of Illegal Drugs to Improve Mental Health by Self-Regulation Therapy: A Pilot Study
2021
Background: This study consists of a brief psychological intervention, which uses Self-Regulation Therapy (SRT, procedure based on suggestion and classical conditioning), to improve coping with stress and emotionality by reproducing the positive effects of illegal drugs: cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy. Method: 15 volunteers (8 males, 7 females), with a mean age of 24.6 (SD = 4.4), underwent intervention to improve their coping with stress and emotionality using SRT. They carried out pre- and post-intervention scores for 10 days and during a 4-week follow-up. The employed instruments were: BSS (Barber Suggestibility Scale)