Search results for "Dynamics"

showing 10 items of 9782 documents

Characterizing the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions at the LHC with mean transverse momentum and anisotropic flow correlations

2022

Physics letters / B 834, 137393 (2022). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137393

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]heavy ion: scatteringNuclear Experiment; Nuclear Experiment; High Energy Physics - Experimenthiukkasfysiikkanucl-exElliptic-flowHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICE5020: 5440 GeV-cms/nucleon[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Quark-gluon plasma elliptic flow Pb collisionsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentViscosityelliptic flowQuark-gluon plasmaheavy ion: scattering ; flow: anisotropy ; gluon: saturation ; correlation: higher-order ; initial state ; transverse momentum ; ALICE ; boundary condition ; CERN LHC Coll ; hydrodynamics ; color glass condensate ; numerical calculations ; experimental results ; 5020: 5440 GeV-cms/nucleonflow: anisotropyHigh Energy Heavy Ion Collisions:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]CERN LHC CollPerspectiveydinfysiikkahigher-order [correlation]Particle Physics - Experimentanisotropy [flow]Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsEvolutionFOS: Physical sciencesPb collisionstransverse momentum[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]114 Physical sciences530scattering [heavy ion]Nuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530saturation [gluon]numerical calculationsinitial statehep-exkvarkki-gluoniplasmaheavy-ion collisions nuclear physics correlations LHCcorrelation: higher-orderboundary condition5440 GeV-cms/nucleon [5020]hydrodynamicsgluon: saturationcolor glass condensateexperimental results
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Probing the Effects of Strong Electromagnetic Fields with Charge-Dependent Directed Flow in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC

2020

The first measurement at the LHC of charge-dependent directed flow ($v_{1}$) relative to the spectator plane is presented for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. Results are reported for charged hadrons and $\rm D^{0}$ mesons for the transverse momentum intervals $p_{\rm T}>0.2$ GeV/$c$ and $3<p_{\rm T}<$ 6 GeV/$c$ in the 5-40% and 10-40% centrality classes, respectively. The difference between the positively and negatively charged hadron $v_{1}$ has a positive slope as a function of pseudorapidity $\eta$, ${\rm d}\Delta{v_1}/{\rm d}\eta=$[1.68 $\pm$ 0.49 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.41 (syst.)] $\times 10^{-4}$. The same measurement for $\rm D^{0}$ and $\rm\bar{D}{}^0$ mesons yields a p…

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]heavy ion: scatteringflow: charge dependenceHadronGeneral Physics and Astronomyhiukkasfysiikkanucl-exmeson: yield01 natural sciencesHeavy ion experimentsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)electromagnetic field: highPb-Pb at LHC; flow[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Charm (quantum number)Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentMAGNETIC-FIELD; QCDQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicshigh [electromagnetic field]PhysicsMAGNETIC-FIELDVDP::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 4313. Good healthquark gluon plasmaddc:PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]CERN LHC CollVDP::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431charge dependence [flow]Pseudorapidityflowhadron: charged particlehadron: chargeParticle Physics - Experimentyield [meson]QuarkMesonFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]transverse momentumPhysics and Astronomy(all)spectator114 Physical sciencesNuclear physicsscattering [heavy ion]0103 physical sciencesPb-Pb at LHCRapidityNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:5305020 GeV-cms/nucleoncharged particle [hadron]010306 general physicsNuclear Physicshep-excharge dependenceHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologysensitivityQCDNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.rapidityspin (kvanttimekaniikka)Quark–gluon plasmaHigh Energy Physics::Experimentstrong electromagnetic fields ; Pb-Pb Collisionsexperimental results
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Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy with the ATLAS detector

2011

Jet cross sections have been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses an integrated luminosity of 17 nb−1 recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. The anti-k t algorithm is used to identify jets, with two jet resolution parameters, R=0.4 and 0.6. The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale, which is determined to within 7% for central jets above 60 GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differential cross sections are presented as functions of jet transverse momentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presented as functions of dijet mass and the angular variable χ. The res…

:Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430 [VDP]Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)4-Jet Observables:Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experimentlaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)law[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Angular-DistributionsMediciónQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsJet (fluid)MultiplicitiesLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHERAATLASINCLUSIVE JET CROSS SECTIONmedicine.anatomical_structurePhotoproductionPhysical SciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentjetsParticle physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasStrong-Coupling Alpha(S)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Nuclear physicsAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineFysikRapidityddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicsColliderEngineering (miscellaneous)Ciencias ExactasHeraCalorimeterATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsParton DistributionsFísicaATLAS detector; proton-proton collisionsExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentResolutionCollider
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Multilingualism and Ethnic Prejudice

2021

Abstract. This study explored the relationship between the ability to talk to others in more than one language and ethnic prejudice, considering the quality and quantity of intergroup contact. A structural equation model analysis was carried out on a sample of 631 Italian citizens. The results showed that multilingualism led to an increase of acceptance of intergroup differences and positive attitudes toward Moroccans and that the quality (but not quantity) of intergroup contact-mediated those relationships. The mediating role of the quality of intergroup contact extends previous results on the relationship between multilingualism and positive attitudes toward ethnic out-groups. These find…

:language prejudice intergroup contact ethnocultural empathySociology and Political ScienceSocial Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesEthnocultural empathyEthnic group050109 social psychologyEmpathy050105 experimental psychologyArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Intergroup dynamics0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesMultilingualismQuality (business)PsychologySettore M-PSI/05 - Psicologia SocialeSocial psychologyGeneral PsychologyPrejudice (legal term)media_commonSocial Psychology
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In Silico Conformational Features of Botulinum Toxins A1 and E1 According to Intraluminal Acidification

2022

International audience; Although botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are among the most toxic compounds found in nature, their molecular mechanism of action is far from being elucidated. A key event is the conformational transition due to acidification of the interior of synaptic vesicles, leading to translocation of the BoNT catalytic domain into the neuronal cytosol. To investigate these conformational variations, homology modeling and atomistic simulations are combined to explore the internal dynamics of the sub-types BoNT/A1 (the most-used sub-type in medical applications) and BoNT/E1 (the most kinetically efficient sub-type). This first simulation study of di-chain BoNTs in closed and open s…

<i>Clostridium botulinum</i>; botulinum toxin; molecular dynamics; residue protonation; homology modeling[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM][SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]Health Toxicology and Mutagenesismolecular dynamichomology modelingresidue protonation[SDV.BBM.BP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationToxicology[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/BacteriologySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)molecular dynamics[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsGangliosidesSolventsClostridium botulinumbotulinum toxinBotulinum Toxins Type A[SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM][INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
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Casimir-Lifshitz force out of thermal equilibrium between dielectric gratings

2014

We calculate the Casimir-Lifshitz pressure in a system consisting of two different 1D dielectric lamellar gratings having two different temperatures and immersed in an environment having a third temperature. The calculation of the pressure is based on the knowledge of the scattering operators, deduced using the Fourier Modal Method. The behavior of the pressure is characterized in detail as a function of the three temperatures of the system as well as the geometrical parameters of the two gratings. We show that the interplay between non-equilibrium effects and geometrical periodicity offers a rich scenario for the manipulation of the force. In particular, we find regimes where the force can…

ACS number(s): 12.20.−m42.79.Dj42.50.Ct42.50.Lc[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)Non-equilibrium thermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesDielectricCasimir Force Out of Thermal equilibrium systems GratingsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiasymbols.namesake[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Lamellar structure[PHYS.COND.CM-SM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Statistical Mechanics [cond-mat.stat-mech]PhysicsThermal equilibriumQuantum PhysicsCondensed matter physicsScatteringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectFourier transformClassical mechanicssymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Physics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Heavy flavour decay muon production at forward rapidity in proton--proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

2012

The production of muons from heavy flavour decays is measured at forward rapidity in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV collected with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The analysis is carried out on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity $L_{\rm int} = 16.5$ nb$^{-1}$. The transverse momentum and rapidity differential production cross sections of muons from heavy flavour decays are measured in the rapidity range 2.5 &lt; y &lt; 4, over the transverse momentum range 2 &lt; $p_{\rm T}$ &lt; 12 GeV/$c$. The results are compared to predictions based on perturbative QCD calculations.

ALICE experiment; P-P collisions; Heavy flavour muon decayProtonAlicePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHeavy flavour muon decayheavy flavour01 natural sciencesPp CollisionsSingle MuonsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEHeavy Flavour Production[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear ExperimentAlice ExperimentALICE experiment; Heavy flavour production; LHC; Pp collisions; Single muons; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsP-P collisionsQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)PhysicsProduction Cross-SectionPerturbative QCDP-P collisionP(P)Over-Bar CollisionsLHC ALICE experiment pp collisions Single muons Heavy flavour productionLHCLhcpp collisionsParticle Physics - ExperimentHeavy flavour productionParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLHC; ALICE; heavy flavourFOS: Physical sciencesalice experiment; pp collisions; heavy flavour production; single muons; lhcNuclear physicsmuon0103 physical sciencesALICE; heavy flavour; muonRapidity010306 general physicsHadron-CollisionsMuonta114Bottom-Quark Production010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyALICE; LHC; CERN; strange particle; pp; 7 TeV; Heavy flavour production; Single muonsALICE experimentSingle muonsJ/Psi ProductionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLepton
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Monte Carlo simulations of the solid-liquid transition in hard spheres and colloid-polymer mixtures

2010

Monte Carlo simulations at constant pressure are performed to study coexistence and interfacial properties of the liquid-solid transition in hard spheres and in colloid-polymer mixtures. The latter system is described as a one-component Asakura-Oosawa (AO) model where the polymer's degrees of freedom are incorporated via an attractive part in the effective potential for the colloid-colloid interactions. For the considered AO model, the polymer reservoir packing fraction is eta_p^r=0.1 and the colloid-polymer size ratio is q=sigma_p/\sigma=0.15 (with sigma_p and sigma the diameter of polymers and colloids, respectively). Inhomogeneous solid-liquid systems are prepared by placing the solid fc…

ANISOTROPIC SURFACE-TENSIONMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)General Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterCAPILLARY WAVESAtomic packing factorCOMPUTER-SIMULATIONVAPOR INTERFACE3-DIMENSIONAL ISING-MODELColloidsymbols.namesakePhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCOEXISTING PHASESchemistry.chemical_classificationCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceINTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGYPROFILESHard spheresPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryCRYSTAL-MELT INTERFACESBoltzmann constantsymbolsCRYSTALLIZATIONThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Reply to Comment on “Mixed Grotthuss and Vehicle Transport Mechanism in Proton Conducting Polymers from Ab initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations”

2011

Ab initio molecular dynamicsConductive polymerProtonComputational chemistryChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringMaterials ChemistryGeneral ChemistryMechanism (sociology)Chemistry of Materials
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Magic triangular and tetrahedral clusters

1997

Using the methods of density functional theory and the jellium model we show that clusters with triangular [in two dimensions (2D)] or tetrahedral [in three dimensions (3D)] shapes have a strong shell structure and enhanced stability. Moreover, the shell closings correspond to the lowest magic numbers of a 2D and 3D harmonic oscillator and at the same time to the number of divalent atoms in close-packed triangles and tetrahedrons. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations for Na and Mg clusters support the results of the jellium model.

Ab initio molecular dynamicsPhysicsJelliumPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMagic (programming)Shell (structure)TetrahedronDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsHarmonic oscillatorPhysical Review B
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