Search results for "ECONOMICS"
showing 10 items of 14389 documents
Using the Johnson-Neyman Procedure to Detect Item Bias in Personality Tests
2016
I present an alternative to a widely used item-bias analysis procedure known as the ANOVA method. The new method is based on the Johnson-Neyman procedure, which is a multiple regression-based technique with properties that can overcome the major weaknesses of the ANOVA method. I introduce the proposed procedure in a non-technical manner, provide an illustrative example, and suggest guidelines for empirical analysis that can be readily applied in personality research.
Diagnostic utility of new short versions of AUDIT to detect binge drinking in undergraduate students
2021
ABSTRACT This study examines the usefulness of two AUDIT adaptations with a sample of 907 undergraduate alcohol users. On the one hand, it includes the AR2i that encompasses revised A2r and A3r consumption items, and on the other hand—in addition to the two former items—the inclusion of items 4, 8, and 9, which evaluate consequences. The results indicate that both adaptations identify BD more precisely than the traditional scales (AUDIT and AUDIT-C), but the usefulness of each will depend on the clinical purpose they are given. In environments where time is a key factor in detecting high-risk consumption it will be more appropriate to use AR2i, which evaluates the pattern of con…
Predictive distributions that mimic frequencies over a restricted subdomain
2020
A predictive distribution over a sequence of $$N+1$$ events is said to be “frequency mimicking” whenever the probability for the final event conditioned on the outcome of the first N events equals the relative frequency of successes among them. Exchangeable distributions that exhibit this feature universally are known to have several annoying concomitant properties. We motivate frequency mimicking assertions over a limited subdomain in practical problems of finite inference, and we identify their computable coherent implications. We provide some examples using reference distributions, and we introduce computational software to generate any complete specification desired. Theorems on reducti…
Not So Much Societal: The Catholic Church in Poland as a Veto Player
2021
George Tsebelis distinguished two forms of veto players’ actions: institutional and partisan. In a democracy, the Church is not able to play either role because it is not an element of the state’s institutional structure. This was the source for Simon Fink’s proposal to look at the Church as a societal veto player (VP). The case of Poland shows, however, that such an approach becomes inadequate in numerous situations. The Church’s influence on political parties, and particularly the state’s institutions, may be exerted outside society. Performed on the basis of the existing literature and political debates conducted since 1989, the analysis of the social and political reality of Poland all…
Lawrence Kelso Frank's Proto Ayresian Dichotomy: A Note
2003
This paper explores Lawrence Kelso Frank's contribution to the evolution of the so called Veblenian dichotomy. According to this apprach, peculiar to the institutional framework of every economic system is an absolute and irreconcilable tension between the dynamic and progressive force of technology on the one side, and the static and conservative structure of ceremony and institutions on the other. The first section examines Frank's adoption of behavioristic psychology in connection with the main changes which were taking place in the American social sciences during the first decades of the twentieth century. The second section describes Frank's theory of institutional change, emphasizing …
Dynamic mean absolute error as new measure for assessing forecasting errors
2018
Abstract Accurate wind power forecast is essential for grid integration, system planning, and electricity trading in certain electricity markets. Therefore, analyzing prediction errors is a critical task that allows a comparison of prediction models and the selection of the most suitable model. In this work, the temporal error and absolute magnitude error are simultaneously considered to assess the forecast error. The trade-off between both types of errors is computed, analyzed, and interpreted. Moreover, a new index, the dynamic mean absolute error, DMAE, is defined to measure the prediction accuracy. This index accounts for both error components: temporal and absolute. Real cases of wind …
IN THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER: NEGATIVE AFFECT VALUATION IN LATER ADULTHOOD
2018
Affective values may shape how affect is linked to health and well-being. Much of the work to date, however, has focused mostly on younger, European American adult samples. Yet, emotional experiences are known to take on greater importance in later life. In the current study, 313 participants (65+ years old) from the Daily Experiences and Well-Being Study (DEWS) completed baseline interviews, questionnaires, and 4–5 days of ecological momentary assessments (EMA). The baseline EMA surveys assessed momentary affect whereas the questionnaires assessed negative affect valuation (NAV): the extent to which people recognize value in negative emotional experiences in terms of their pleasantness, ap…
Ethical Climate as Social Norm: Impact on Judgements and Behavioral Intentions in the Workplace.
2021
We present a study that looks at the relationship between the ethical climate, considered as a set of social norms, and judgments and behaviors in the workplace. In this case we think that an ethical rule reflecting the climate is only actualized in conduct and/or decisions if the rule is applicable, is shared, and is the subject of social expectations. A total of 277 professionals responded to a questionnaire measuring the normativity of three ethical rules, socio-moral judgment, trust in supervisors, turnover intention, and discrimination as well as abusive supervision. The results confirm our hypothesis. This leads to a different view of how the ethical climate is measured and constructe…
Appetite for destruction: A psychometric examination and prevalence estimation of destructive leadership in Sweden
2021
There is a growing awareness that destructive leadership has a significant negative impact on employe outcomes. However, little is known about the content and dimensionality of this multidimensional concept, and there are few reliable measures available for organizations and researchers to evaluate these behaviors. Based on a representative sample (N = 1132) of the Swedish workforce, the aim of this study is threefold: first, to examine the factor structure and validity of an easy-to-use multidimensional destructive leadership measure (Destrudo-L)in the general Swedish work context; second, to identify destructive leadership profiles using latent profile analysis (LPA), and determine in wha…
The need to grow, learn and develop – how does management affect motivation for professional development?
2018
This article argues that knowledge management and social recognition is important for organisational learning and professional self-esteem in academic libraries. An anonymous survey was issued in 2016 to investigate how library staff’s self-esteem is affected by how they experience their management’s view and overview of their knowledge. The need for what Axel Honneth refers to as social recognition will also be discussed as an important part of how professional self-esteem and work satisfaction is experienced and further how this affects motivation to participate in professional development.