Search results for "ECONOMIE"
showing 10 items of 1137 documents
Les effets d'une contrainte de crédit sur la convergence économique : le cas des pays de l'UEMOA
2012
National audience
Health Insurance Reforms and Health Policies in Rural China
2016
Since the early 2000s, the Chinese government has undertaken a series of reforms in the health sector. Among these, the three most important have been concerned with medical insurance, hospital administration, and pharmaceutical policies. The aims of these reforms were to extend health insurance coverage, to increase the activities and the efficiency of the health establishments, and to improve patient care. This article focuses on two components of these reforms: the development of health insurance in rural areas and the policy on essential medicines in conjunction with hospital reforms. Our longstanding co-operation with a research team from Weifang University and with the Weifang Health …
La durée du travail, la norme et ses usages en 1848
2011
Le decret du 2 mars 1848, qui reduit la duree du travail d’une heure, introduit une rupture majeure en instaurant pour la premiere fois une norme nationale fixant une duree maximale pour le travail des adultes. Cette decision souvent citee mais rarement etudiee suscita de multiples debats dans des arenes diverses, au Parlement, dans la presse comme dans les ateliers. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment cette decision prise dans le contexte d’effervescence revolutionnaire crea les conditions d’une irreversibilite de l’intervention de l’Etat dans le champ social.
Les raisons de la double activité des médecins : le cas de l'Algérie
2014
L’objet de cet article est d’analyser la double activite des medecins en Algerie sous trois angles d’approche. Le premier mobilise les theories de l’offre de travail appliquees aux professionnels de sante confrontes a l’existence de deux secteurs, un prive, un public, dont bien souvent les niveaux de remuneration horaire different et ou les temps respectifs de travail peuvent en partie etre choisis. La complementarite entre les deux emplois sous-tend dans une large mesure les strategies d’offre de travail des medecins. Le deuxieme se refere aux registres des motivations des medecins dans leur choix d’une activite privee complementaire. Le troisieme est relatif aux strategies d’adressage des…
Impact des allocations en ressources sur l'efficacité des écoles primaires en Côte d'Ivoire
2011
The quality of primary education in Côte d'Ivoire has deteriorated sharply over the past three decades. This situation is the result of an approximate management of the education system, which is characterized by a lack of educational support, a misallocation of resources, a congestion of classrooms (42 students for a teacher in primary school) and a lack of skilled and well trained teachers. In addition, the military-political conflict in September 2002 did not allow to improve this situation; on the contrary, it has further deteriorated the situation. Thus, the aim of this thesis is first to analyze the influence of resource endowments on the effectiveness of primary schools in Cote d'Ivo…
Presentation and analysis of an original database of the institutional characteristics of developing, in transition and developed countries
2004
The disparity between the development paths followed by the economies of a limited number of countries, known as ‘emerging’, and the bulk of the other developing countries has shown the limitations of previous development strategies. As a consequence, at the beginning of the 1990s, the question of institutions has been propelled to the top of the economic agenda. Theempirical literature has now solidly documented and validated the general relationship between institutions and development. With this as a starting point, attention is now being concentrated on the actual nature of theinstitutional mechanisms at work, the inter-relationships between them and their combined impact on development…
Transfer of powers and reallocation of the social capital available to junior governments
1993
The article starts from the assumption that the production of junior governments in sub-central jurisdictions such as the department of the region is related both to the powers or resources that they receive from the central government and to the social capital which is available to them. A model is proposed in which both elements are considered as factors o f production. The second being able to move only slowly across levels of jurisdiction, the central government is itself unable to transfer rapidly powers or resources from one level to another without running the risk of an efficiency loss of the whole which it would find unacceptable in terms of electoral support.
Decentralization as an incentive scheme when regional differences are large
2010
It has been suggested that large regional differences could be an obstacle to that part of the political accountability of office-holders which is based on yardstick competition among governments. The paper addresses that question and concludes that the obstacle is not too serious in general. The second part of the paper is devoted to the persistent economic underperformance of some regions in countries such as Germany, Italy and (with regard to regions overseas) France. How is it that the mechanism of yardstick competition induces a convergence of economic performance among European Union member countries, even those particularly poor initially, but fails to induce all the underperforming …
Euro Area Structural Convergence? A Multi-Criterion Cluster Analysis
2015
Abstract This paper proposes a classification of the old member countries of the euro area in a structural data rich environment and run a convergence analysis using the same framework. First, we use a clustering approach and identify two structurally distinct clusters of countries that are not modified between 1999 and 2012: the South Countries Group (SCG) – composed of Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain – and the Other Countries Group (OCG). Second, we propose a convergence metrics and reach three key findings: (i) increase over time of the between-clusters׳ dispersion; (ii) diverging demographics and innovation performance into the OCG, and (iii) an unfortunate convergence towards high la…
Economie urbaine et densités", contribution au Rapport final "Formes et enjeux de la densification, vers un aménagement durable des territoires bourg…
2015
DREAL Bourgogne, Ademe Bourgogne et Conseil Régional de Bourgogne (2013-2015), juin 2015.;