Search results for "EFFECTOR"
showing 7 items of 217 documents
Immunological Markers for PML Prediction in MS Patients Treated with Natalizumab
2015
International audience; Natalizumab (NTZ), a monoclonal antibody recognizing the alpha4 integrin chain, has been approved for the treatment of active multiple sclerosis, but expose to the onset of a rare side effect, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Estimating the individual risk of PML in NTZ-treated patients is a major challenge, and therapeutic strategies are mainly guided by the overall PML risk assessed by identified risk factors: JC virus (JCV) seropositivity, treatment duration (with peak incidence after 24 months), and the previous use of immunosuppressive therapies. Given that this stratification does not yet allow a precise individual prediction of PML, other pred…
SAT0025 MIR 106A, MIR 19A-B, MIR 20A and MIR21A regulate vγ9vδ2 functions participating in the inflammatory responses occurring in rheumatoid arthrit…
2017
Background miRNAs are non-coding RNAs which have significant roles in regulating gene expression. The miR17-92 cluster appears to be a key factor in the inflammatory pathways activated during RA. Objectives In this study we aimed to evaluate miR17–92 expression and functions in γδ T cell subsets in RA patients, γδ T cells, in fact produce proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-g, IL-6 and IL-8 that may contribute to the inflammatory responses in RA. Methods Heparinized peripheral blood from 10 early RA untreated patients and 10 healthy donors was obtained for this study. Polyclonal Vγ9Vδ2 T cell lines were generated first by magnetic isolation followed by sorting (FACSAria) and further analy…
Histamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase of human gastric mucosa: a model for H2-receptor excitation.
1978
Recent studies revealed that human gastric mucosa contains a histamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase which is almost completely localized within the acid-secreting area of the stomach. In an attempt to further characterize the effector system of histamine’s action, we compared the effects of H 1 — and H 2-receptor agonists upon the adenylate cyclase in human fundic gastric mucosa.
The Role of Fc Receptors on the Effectiveness of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies.
2021
Since the approval of the first monoclonal antibody (mAb) in 1986, a huge effort has been made to guarantee safety and efficacy of therapeutic mAbs. As of July 2021, 118 mAbs are approved for the European market for a broad range of clinical indications. In order to ensure clinical efficacy and safety aspects, (pre-)clinical experimental approaches evaluate the respective modes of action (MoA). In addition to antigen-specificity including binding affinity and -avidity, MoA comprise Fc-mediated effector functions such as antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and the closely related antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). For this reason, a variety of cell-based assays have…
Deficiency of Nrf2 accelerates the effector phase of arthritis and aggravates joint disease
2011
14 páginas, 8 figuras, 1 tabla.-- et al.
Evolutionary Dynamics of Pathoadaptation Revealed by Three Independent Acquisitions of the VirB/D4 Type IV Secretion System in Bartonella
2017
The α-proteobacterial genus Bartonella comprises a group of ubiquitous mammalian pathogens that are studied as a model for the evolution of bacterial pathogenesis. Vast abundance of two particular phylogenetic lineages of Bartonella had been linked to enhanced host adaptability enabled by lineage-specific acquisition of a VirB/D4 type IV secretion system (T4SS) and parallel evolution of complex effector repertoires. However, the limited availability of genome sequences from one of those lineages as well as other, remote branches of Bartonella has so far hampered comprehensive understanding of how the VirB/D4 T4SS and its effectors called Beps have shaped Bartonella evolution. Here, we repor…
Consensus nomenclature for CD8(+) T cell phenotypes in cancer
2015
International audience; Whereas preclinical investigations and clinical studies have established that CD8+ T cells can profoundly affect cancer progression, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Challenging the prevalent view that the beneficial effect of CD8+ T cells in cancer is solely attributable to their cytotoxic activity, several reports have indicated that the ability of CD8+ T cells to promote tumor regression is dependent on their cytokine secretion profile and their ability to self-renew. Evidence has also shown that the tumor microenvironment can disarm CD8+ T cell immunity, leading to the emergence of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells. The existence of different types of CD8+ T…