Search results for "ENERGIA"

A set of indices to assess the real performance of daylight-linked control systems

2017

Abstract The installation of Building Automation Control Systems (BACs) in general is an effective action to achieve relevant energy savings. Commercial BACs, installed in residential or small offices, often include functions of lighting control, acting as Daylight-Linked Control Systems (DLCSs). Nevertheless, because system performance is strictly dependent on different parameters, BAC’s hardware and software configuration and as well as an inaccurate commissioning do not always allow a perfect execution of the desired tasks; therefore, the system could not work as expected. Moreover, it is well known that energy saving potential is specifically related to the variability of the light envi…

Vanhat valtiaat ahdingossa? : mitä päästökaupparetoriikka kertoo Suomen nykyisestä energiapoliittisesta asemasta

2006

Componenti di un impianto fotovoltaico

2013

Robust Multi-Objective Optimal dispatch of Distributed Energy Resources in Micro-Grids

2011

Modern distribution systems are implemented through micro grids: small power networks where generation is close to consumption and ICT supports the coordinated management of the different energy resources. In such systems, the central control unit manages energy dispatch from the different sources according to different criteria (technical, economical and environmental) and takes care of tertiary regulation. Such optimization for the tertiary regulation is performed with a time interval that typically is of 24 hours. This is due to the fact that it is necessary to take into account the charge and discharge cycles of storage systems. On the other hand, such long time leads to large errors in…

Stationary battery systems in the main world markets: Part 1: Overview of the state-of-the-art

2017

The role of energy storage systems (ESSs) is becoming more and more important in modern power grids, mainly because of the higher penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources (RESs), such as solar and wind power, spurred by advantageous support policies carried out in several countries. The fluctuation nature of the energy produced by RESs is indeed leading to emerging power quality issues or to renewable curtailments. ESSs can be used to balance generation and demand of electricity over time, allowing a higher penetration of RESs into the power network. The energy storage industry is evolving rapidly, and new electrochemical technologies are entering the market. Besides, most elect…

Technological and legislative status point of stationary energy storages in the EU

2019

Abstract European renewable generation has been supported through several policy instruments in the last decades, and this has caused a significant growth of the renewable energy sector, spurred by the ambitious climate and energy policy targets. Despite this impetuous growth, the electricity infrastructure is not yet ready to accept increasing shares of variable renewable energy sources (RES) generation, and this is causing grid balance challenges, due to the inherently variable nature of the PV and wind energy. In order to overcome this issue, allowing higher shares of renewable generation in the energy sector, energy storage (ES) systems are becoming increasingly competitive in the globa…

Potential applications of nanotechnology in bioenergy

2011

Nanotechnology has an increasingly large impact on a wide range of industries, but its current use in the production of electricity and heat from biomass is limited. This thesis examined the potential impact of nanotechnology on bioenergy production through a literature review and interviews with industry members. Current technologies and methods in use were reviewed, with a focus on fuel handling and combustion systems. Areas in which problems existed were identified and nanotechnologies with properties relevant to those problems examined. The major nanotechnology areas which were reviewed are nanostructured coatings (wear resistant, corrosion resistant, low friction and anti-icing), nanom…

Implementazione di funzioni aggiuntive per la rappresentazione e la gestione ottimizzata di risorse energetiche distribuite in un distretto energetic…

2013

Il presente Rapporto descrive le attività svolte dal personale del DEIM dell’Università degli Studi Palermo nell’ambito della prima fase delle attività di ricerca dal titolo: “Implementazione di funzioni aggiuntive per la rappresentazione e la gestione ottimizzata di risorse energetiche distribuite in un distretto energetico. Simulazione di scenari in ambiente integrato”, oggetto dell’Accordo di Collaborazione tra ENEA e DEIM sottoscritto in data 25 marzo 2013. Scopo del presente accordo di collaborazione è la definizione di funzioni aggiuntive per i vari componenti del distretto energetico già descritti e modellati in un apposito software nella scorsa annualità. Le simulazioni sono state s…

Currents Distribution During a Fault in an MV Network: Methods and Measurements

2016

When a single line to ground fault happens on the MV side of a HV/MV system, only a small portion of the fault current is injected into the ground by the ground-grid of the faulty substation. In fact the fault current is distributed between grounding electrodes and MV cables sheaths. In systems with isolated neutral or with resonant earthing this may be sufficient to provide safety from electric shock. Experimental measurements were performed on a real MV distribution network: a real single line to ground fault was made and fault currents were measured in the faulty substation and in four neighboring substations. In this paper the problem of fault current distribution is introduced, the tes…

Balitsky-Kovchegov equation

2011

In high-energy particle physics the energy evolution of various quantities can be calculated from the Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. Depending on the frame that is used to describe the process, the BK equation can be seen to describe either the energy evolution of the virtual photon wave function or the gluon distribution function of a hadron. In this work the BK equation is derived at leading logarithm accuracy from QCD and solved analytically in some special cases. In order to derive it the quantum field theory on the light cone is introduced. Part of the higher order corrections to the BK equation, namely the running strong coupling constant and the kinematical constraint effects, are…