Search results for "EPA"

showing 10 items of 8995 documents

Dental microwear texture gradients in guinea pigs reveal that material properties of the diet affect chewing behaviour

2021

ABSTRACT Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is widely used for diet inferences in extant and extinct vertebrates. Often, a reference tooth position is analysed in extant specimens, while isolated teeth are lumped together in fossil datasets. It is therefore important to test whether dental microwear texture (DMT) is tooth position specific and, if so, what causes the differences in wear. Here, we present results from controlled feeding experiments with 72 guinea pigs, which received either fresh or dried natural plant diets of different phytolith content (lucerne, grass, bamboo) or pelleted diets with and without mineral abrasives (frequently encountered by herbivorous mammals in natu…

0106 biological sciencesAbrasion (dental)10253 Department of Small Animals1109 Insect SciencePhysiologyEvolutionGuinea PigsBiologyAquatic Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesPosterior ToothAnimal sciencestomatognathic systemBehavior and Systematicsmedicine1312 Molecular BiologyAnimalsMasticationMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAnterior teeth030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesHerbivore630 Agriculture1104 Aquatic ScienceEcology1314 Physiologymedicine.diseaseAnimal FeedDietBite force quotientstomatognathic diseases1105 Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhytolithTooth wearInsect ScienceMastication570 Life sciences; biologyAnimal Science and ZoologyTooth Wear1103 Animal Science and ZoologyTooth
researchProduct

A head start for life history development? Family income mediates associations between height and immune response in men.

2018

OBJECTIVES Male height and health affect a diverse range of social and economic outcomes such as competition for resources and mates. Life history theory predicts that limited availability of bioenergetic resources curbs the development of central life history functions such as somatic growth, immunity, and investment in offspring. Although genetic factors are important determinants of height, other factors such as income level may affect the incidence of infections during ontogeny, thus having indirect effects on somatic growth. We tested whether growing up in families with a higher income positively affects height and immune function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-three young Latvian men …

0106 biological sciencesAdultMaleOffspringBiologyFamily incomeAffect (psychology)010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesLife history theoryAnthropology PhysicalYoung AdultHumans0601 history and archaeologyHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodiesSocioeconomic status060101 anthropologyIncidence (epidemiology)Immunity06 humanities and the artsLatviaBody HeightVaccinationSocioeconomic FactorsAnthropologyHead startIncometa1181AnatomyDemographyAmerican journal of physical anthropology
researchProduct

Shell repair process in the green ormer Haliotis tuberculata: a histological and microstructural study.

2008

In the present paper, juvenile and adult shells of the green ormer Haliotis tuberculata ('Oreille de Saint-Pierre') were perforated in a zone close to the shell edge and the shell repair process was followed at two levels: (1) by observing the histology of the calcifying mantle in the repair zone and (2) by analyzing with SEM the microstructure of the shell repair zone. Histological data clearly show the presence of calcium carbonate granules into the connective tissues, but not in the epithelial cells. This suggests that calcium carbonate granules are synthesized by sub-epithelial cells and actively transported through the epithelium to the repair zone, via a process which may be similar t…

0106 biological sciencesBiomineralizationfood.ingredient010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesMineralization (biology)Epithelium03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundfoodMantle epitheliumGreen ormerAnimalsShell repair14. Life underwaterHaliotisPinctadaMantle (mollusc)[SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/BiomaterialsGastropodMicrostructureComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesWound HealingbiologyCell BiologyGeneral MedicineAnatomybiology.organism_classification[ SDV.IB.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate ZoologyKineticsCalcium carbonatechemistryBiophysicsMicroscopy Electron ScanningEastern oysterCalcium carbonateDevelopmental BiologyPinctadaBiomineralization
researchProduct

Lack of molluscan host diversity and the transmission of an emerging parasitic disease in Bolivia.

2001

Fasciolosis is a re-emerging parasitic disease that affects an increasing number of people in developing countries. The most severe endemic affects the Bolivian Altiplano, where the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) and its hermaphroditic snail host, Lymnaea truncatula, have been introduced from Europe. To achieve a better understanding of the epidemiological situation and the consequences of the colonization event of this invasive species, genetic analysis of Bolivian snail populations was needed. Here we compare the genetic diversity and population structure of snail samples from the Bolivian Altiplano with samples from the Old World at six polymorphic microsatellite loci. Whereas some vari…

0106 biological sciencesBoliviaOld WorldSnailsSnailBiology[Fasciola hepatica]010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesHost-Parasite Interactions[microsatellites]03 medical and health sciencesbiology.animal[human disease]parasitic diseases[host–parasite interaction]GeneticsmedicineFasciola hepaticaAnimalsFasciolosisGenetic variabilityEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics[Lymnaea truncatula]030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesGenetic diversityHost (biology)Ecology[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]fungi15. Life on landmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationEuropeGenetics PopulationParasitic disease[invasive species]Microsatellite RepeatsMolecular ecology
researchProduct

A new species of Capparis (Capparaceae) from ultramafic substrata in New Caledonia

2017

A new species of Capparis, C. parvifolia, is described and illustrated from New Caledonia, where it is known from a few localities on Mont Kaala on ultramafic substrata. The new species is characterized by the relatively small, linear leaf-blade and by the small size of the sepals, petals, stamens, gynophore and fruit. Its affinities with related taxa are discussed and its conservation status assessed.

0106 biological sciencesCapparisSettore BIO/02 - Botanica SistematicaCapparaceaePlant ScienceBiologybiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesSepalUltramafic rockBotanyConservation statusPetalCapparis sect. Busbeckea ecology North ProvinceEudicotsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGynophore010606 plant biology & botanyPhytotaxa
researchProduct

Stirring-assisted dead-end ultrafiltration for protein and polyphenol recovery from purple sweet potato juices: Filtration behavior investigation and…

2016

The potential of stirring assisted dead-end ultrafiltration (UF) to recover polyphenols from purple sweet potato (PSP) juices was evaluated. For this purpose, the effects of rotation speed (200–600 rpm), transmembrane pressure (TMP) (0.2–0.4 MPa), and membrane molecular weight cut-off (30–100 kDa) were investigated with a lab-scale filtration module. The results showed that the highest protein removal (86%) and polyphenol selectivity (12.2) were both obtained under higher rotation speed (600 rpm). Moreover, filtration flux was more important at 600 rpm due to the anti-fouling effect of shear rate generated by the rotation. The results also revealed that under TMP of 0.4 MPa, the cake resist…

0106 biological sciencesChromatographyFoulingChemistryFiltration and Separation04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPermeation040401 food science01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryShear rate0404 agricultural biotechnologyMembraneDead endPolyphenol010608 biotechnologySelectivityHplc dadSeparation and Purification Technology
researchProduct

Exploring the unknowns : State of the art in qualitative forest-based sector foresight research

2022

The forest-based sector is facing one the greatest transitions in its history in the face of global megatrends. Globalization, sustainability challenges and the ICT sector have put the world in a new light. Whereas some of the recent developments have resulted in challenges for the traditional forest industry, many positive expectations and opportunities are also seen to arise in the form of the transition to a sustainable bio-economy. However, to be able to fully seize the opportunity, the industry has to navigate through contingency where preparedness can have a major impact. Foresight as a strategic approach can help to prepare and sensitize decision-makers to be prepared for the future.…

0106 biological sciencesEconomics and Econometrics010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSociology and Political SciencemetsäteollisuusmetsäalaStakeholder engagementContext (language use)Management Monitoring Policy and Law01 natural sciencesGlobalization11. SustainabilityRegional scienceAdaptive managementsystemaattiset kirjallisuuskatsaukset0105 earth and related environmental sciencesliiketoimintaympäristötaloudelliset ennusteetForestryForesightennusteet15. Life on landFutures studiesAdaptive management13. Climate actionInformation and Communications TechnologyPreparednessSustainabilityTransitionBusinessForest-based sector010606 plant biology & botany
researchProduct

Lake eutrophication and brownification downgrade availability and transfer of essential fatty acids for human consumption

2016

Article

0106 biological sciencesFISH COMMUNITY STRUCTUREDOCEnvironmental change01 natural sciencesPredatory fishEnvironmental Science(all)EUDIAPTOMUS-GRACILISEnvironmental change; Human nutritionahvenFood sciencePERCH PERCA-FLUVIATILISBiomassfosforilcsh:Environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceTrophic level2. Zero hungerlcsh:GE1-350PerchBiomass (ecology)FINNISH LAKESBOREAL LAKESbiologyEcologyHuman nutritionFatty AcidsFishesfood and beveragesPhosphorusEutrophicationEicosapentaenoic acid6. Clean waterFood webDHAEicosapentaenoic Acid1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyFatty Acids Unsaturatedlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)PLANKTONIC ALGAEPerchFood ChainDocosahexaenoic Acidsta1172010603 evolutionary biologyPhytoplanktonAnimalsHumansDISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON14. Life underwaterhuman nutritionFatty Acids Essential010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyfungiEUROPEAN LAKESEPA15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationLakesAquatic food webs13. Climate actionPerchesEURASIAN PERCHPhytoplanktonta1181EutrophicationFRESH-WATER MICROALGAE
researchProduct

Captive breeding of Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1793) and its conservation importance

2019

Margaritifera auricularia is one of the most endangered freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) in the world. Since 2013, the abundance of this species in the Ebro River basin (Spain) has sharply declined, driving the species to the verge of regional extinction. Therefore, any management measures that might facilitate the recovery of this species would be essential for its conservation. During 2014–2016, captive breeding of M. auricularia allowed the production of >106 juveniles, out of which 95% were released into the natural environment, and 5% were grown in the laboratory under controlled conditions. The aim of this experimental work was to establish the best culture conditions for the s…

0106 biological sciencesHistorygrowth:Ciências Biológicas [Ciências Naturais]Library scienceAquatic Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencessurvivalService departmentMargaritiferidaeCaptive breeding14. Life underwaterNature and Landscape ConservationMargaritifera auriculariaCiências Naturais::Ciências BiológicasScience & TechnologyEcologybiology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyconservationendangered species15. Life on landfreshwater musselbiology.organism_classificationRural developmentcaptivityAlcantara
researchProduct

A survey of wild plant species for food use in Sicily (Italy) - results of a 3-year study in four Regional Parks

2016

Abstract Background This paper illustrates the results of a study carried out in four Regional Parks of Sicily (Italy), concerning traditional knowledge on food use of wild plant species. The main aims of the paper were: (i) to verify which wild plant species are used for food purpose in the local culture based on information provided by elderly inhabitants (ii) to verify the presence of wild plant species which have not been cited for food use in previous studies in the Mediterranean area (iii) to determine how many of the most frequently cited wild plant species are cultivated by the local population in the four Sicilian Parks. Methods Semi-structured interviews were carried out in the lo…

0106 biological sciencesMaleHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticeHealth (social science)Time FactorsWild plant speciesBiodiversityEthnobotanySicilian Regional Parks01 natural sciencesSurveys and QuestionnairesSicilyAged 80 and overAgricultural and Biological Sciences(all)biologyEcologyfood and beveragesWild plant species Food use Sicilian Regional Parks Traditional plant knowledge Cultural importance indexMiddle AgedSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceeGeographyEthnobotanylanguageCultural importance indexFemalePlants EdibleGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSicilianCultural StudiesHealth(social science)CropCichoriumTraditional plant knowledgeHumansTraditional knowledgeAgedRetrospective StudiesPlants Medicinalbusiness.industryResearchbiology.organism_classificationlanguage.human_language0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryComplementary and alternative medicineAgricultureMedicine TraditionalPlant PreparationsbusinessFood use010606 plant biology & botanyGlobal biodiversityFollow-Up StudiesPhytotherapy
researchProduct