Search results for "EQUIVALENCE"
showing 10 items of 301 documents
Kultūras reāliju tulkošana no latviešu uz angļu valodu tekstos par latviešu dzīvestilu
2017
Maģistra darba nosaukums ir "Kultūras reāliju tulkošana no latviešu uz angļu valodu tekstos par latviešu dzīvesstilu." Šajā darbā tiek iztirzāta kultūras reālijas definīcija un klasifikācija, kā arī galvenās problēmas un stratēģijas kā tulkot kultūras reāliju, un sasniegt līdzvērtību mērķa valodā. Tiek apskatīta arī tulka kā vidutāja starp kultūrām loma. Lai redzētu, kā kultūras reālijas tiek tulkotas, ir izmantoti dažādi piemēri no drukātajiem tūristu ceļvežiem, grāmatām un internetā pieejamajiem materiāliem. Maģistra darbā tiek analizēts, kuras stratēģijas ir izmantotas un vai tās var izmantot arī konferenču tulki. Pētījumi ir vērsti uz divu veidu kultūras reālijām: tradicionālie latviešu…
Establishing Equivalence or Non-Inferiority in Clinical Trials
2012
Background: An increasing number of clinical trials are being performed to show the absence of relevant differences between the effects of two treatments. The primary care physician makes use of the results of so-called equivalence studies, at least indirectly, practically every day. Equally important are active control clinical trials in which the efficacy of a new treatment has to be proven through demonstrating non-inferiority as compared to a standard treatment. Methods: Explanation of basic principles and statistical techniques with reference to the original literature; selective searches in the medical literature. Results: First of all, a suitable distributional parameter must be chos…
Typology and Representation of Alterations in Territorial Units: A Proposal
2018
Abstract This article proposes a typology of boundary changes in territorial units at two points in time. The different types of changes are organized in a hierarchy and represented homogeneously, independently of the number of territorial units involved and of the changes to them. Each alteration is described precisely and unambiguously, and it is codified to allow the information to be treated automatically. In addition to providing efficient storage of the information about these changes, a canonical representation facilitates the automatic detection of inconsistencies in the database. At the same time, the typology allows us to define backward and forward equivalence rules, which helps …
Problems and Issues in Translating International Educational Achievement Tests
2013
The article reviews research and findings on problems and issues faced when translating international academic achievement tests. The purpose is to draw attention to the problems, to help to develop the procedures followed when translating the tests, and to provide suggestions for further research. The problems concentrate on the following: the unique and demanding purpose of the translation task, the partly contradictory task specifications and translation instructions, the indecision as to whether to produce one or two target versions, the indecision as to whether to use one or two source versions, inadequate revision and verification, deficient translator competences, and a lack of time.…
International Education Studies: Increasing Their Linguistic Comparability by Developing Judgmental Reviews
2012
In international education studies, the different-language test versions need to be equally difficult to read and answer for the test to be valid. To ensure comparability, several quality control procedures have been developed. Among these, surprisingly little attention has been paid to judgmental reviews and their ability to identify language-related sources of bias. Also, the reviews have often failed in identifying biases. This paper explored whether it is possible to improve the ability of judgmental reviews to identify language-related sources of bias. A new review was made of two Finnish items which in the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) 2000 reading test showed …
In search of equivalence - translation problems in international literacy studies
2002
Problems of translating the laws of Rugby Union from English into Finnish
2014
Tässä käännösteoreettisessa opinnäytetyössä tutkitaan rugbyn sääntöjen kääntämisessä ilmeneviä käännösongelmia sekä tapoja ratkaista niitä. Työ on kommentoitu käännös englanninkielisten rugbysääntöjen otteista, ja tutkimusaineistona on 9 englanninkielistä rugbysääntöä. Työssä analysoitiin ensin lähdetekstin urheilukieli, lakikieleen viittaavat ilmaukset sekä lähdetekstin tarkoitus eli skopos. Tämän jälkeen säännöt käännettiin suomeksi, ja kääntämisessä kohdatut käännösongelmat analysoitiin hyödyntämällä Katarina Reissin ja Hans Vermeerin skoposteoriaa sekä Christiane Nordin funktionaalista lähestymistapaa käännösongelmiin. Kääntämisessä kohdatut ongelmat ratkaistiin teorian pohjalta, kääntä…
Translation of idioms in the Finnish version of Dan Brown's The Da Vinci Code
2006
Erratum: Mangas-Sanjuán, V.; et al. Assessment of the Inter-Batch Variability of Microstructure Parameters in Topical Semisolids and Impact on the De…
2020
Demonstration of similar microstructure is essential for demonstrating the equivalence of generic topical products since the microstructure of semisolids may affect the drug release. The objective of this study was to compare the microstructure-defining physical parameters of different batches of a reference ointment containing calcipotriol and betamethasone (Daivobet 50 µg/0.5 mg/g) in order to define the acceptance range that allows concluding equivalence between these batches. Being batches of the same reference product, they are expected to be clinically equivalent and possess similar microstructure. The 90% confidence intervals for the test/reference ratio of these physical parameters …
The measurement invariance of Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS) across three university student groups
2016
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to apply a multigroup confirmatory analysis to examine the measurement invariance (MI) of the adapted version of the Job Diagnosis Survey (JDS) as a measurement tool that analyses the relationship between the features of teaching methodologies with university students’ motivation and satisfaction across data collected on different degrees and academic years. Design/methodology/approach: Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using a multigroup structural equation model, using the program EQS 6.1 to test the invariance of the adapted version of JDS in a sample constituted by 535 student of a Spanish public university. The assessment of invaria…