Search results for "ESA"

showing 10 items of 11914 documents

Data mining, dashboards and statistics: a powerful framework for the chemical design of molecular nanomagnets

2021

Abstract Three decades of intensive research in molecular nanomagnets have brought the magnetic memory in molecules from liquid helium to liquid nitrogen temperature. The enhancement of this operational temperature relies on a wise choice of the magnetic ion and the coordination environment. However, serendipity, oversimplified theories and chemical intuition have played the main role. In order to establish a powerful framework for statistically driven chemical design, we collected chemical and physical data for lanthanide-based nanomagnets to create a catalogue of over 1400 published experiments, developed an interactive dashboard (SIMDAVIS) to visualise the dataset, and applied inferentia…

Arrhenius equationPhysicsMolecular nanomagnetsLiquid heliumDashboard (business)chemistry.chemical_elementNanomagnetlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakechemistrylawsymbolsDysprosiumMoleculeStatistical physicsChemical design
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Memory effects and coverage dependence of surface diffusion in a model adsorption system

1999

We study the coverage dependence of surface diffusion coefficients for a strongly interacting adsorption system O/W(110) via Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice-gas model. In particular, we consider the nature and emergence of memory effects as contained in the corresponding correlation factors in tracer and collective diffusion. We show that memory effects can be very pronounced deep inside the ordered phases and in regions close to first and second order phase transition boundaries. Particular attention is paid to the details of the time dependence of memory effects. The memory effect in tracer diffusion is found to decay following a power law after an initial transient period. This beha…

Arrhenius equationPhysicsSurface diffusionPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsPhysicsMonte Carlo method02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPower lawMonte Carlo simulationslattice-gas modelsymbols.namesakeExponential growth0103 physical sciencessymbolssurface diffusion coefficientsDiffusion (business)Exponential decay010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyadsorption systemsPhysical Review B
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Fragmentation of polycarbonate macroinitiators in solution and in the bulk state

1990

The diphenylethane initiator 3,4-diethyl-3,4-(p-methoxyphenyl)-hexane (T–OCH3) was synthesized. By cocondensation of bisphenol A or C and the bisphenol derivative (“T”) of T–OCH3 with phosgene, polycarbonate macroinitiators PC(TxA1-x) and PC(TxC1-x) with different compositions x were made. The thermal fragmentation of T–OCH3 and the copolycarbonates was investigated with and without a radical scavenger both in solution and in the bulk state. The primary dissociation of T–OCH3 is a monomolecular Arrhenius process with a characteristic temperature of T* (τ = 1h) = 140°C (τ: average life time of the intact molecule). When the radicals are not intercepted, the dissociation is excessively revert…

Arrhenius equationPolymers and PlasticsChemistryRadicalActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsDissociation (chemistry)symbols.namesakeFragmentation (mass spectrometry)visual_artPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumsymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolycarbonateRadical disproportionationGlass transitionJournal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
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Numerical Studies of the Diffusion Processes and First Step Oxidation in Nickel-Oxygen Systems by Variable Charge Molecular Dynamics

2010

Variable charge molecular dynamic simulations have been performed to study the diffusion mechanisms of oxygen atoms (O) in nickel (Ni) in the temperature range 950-1600 K and the very first steps of oxidation of monocrystalline nickel surfaces at 300 K and 950 K. The oxygen diffusivity can be well described by an Arrhenius law over the temperature range considered. The oxygen diffusion coefficient has been analysed and values of Ea = 1.99 eV for the activation energy and D0 = 39 cm2.s-1 for the pre-exponential factor were obtained. The first steps growth of the oxide layer show that after the dissociative chemisorption of the oxygen molecules on nickel surface, the oxidation leads to an isl…

Arrhenius equationRadiationDiffusionOxideThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeIsland growthCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygensymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundNickelchemistrysymbolsPhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceDefect and Diffusion Forum
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A theoreticalab initiostudy on the H2NO + O3reaction

2003

The deviation of the NH2 pseudo-first-order decay Arrhenius plots of the NH2 + O3 reaction at high ozone pressures measured by experimentalists, has been attributed to the regeneration of NH2 radicals due to the subsequent reactions of the products of this reaction with ozone. Although these products have not yet been characterized experimentally, the radical H2NO has been postulated, because it can regenerate NH2 radicals through the reactions: H2NO + O3 NH2 + O2 and H2NO + O3 HNO + OH + O2. With the purpose of providing a reasonable explanation from a theoretical point of view to the kinetic observed behaviour of the NH2 + O3 system, we have carried ab initio electronic structure calculat…

Arrhenius equationReaction mechanismChemistryRadicalAb initioGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureKinetic energyComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryAtmospheric chemistrysymbolsJournal of Computational Chemistry
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Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Hydrogen Surface Self-Diffusion on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Support

2008

International audience; Quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements have been performed to investigate the surface selfdiffusion of hydrogen molecules. A monolayer of molecular hydrogen was adsorbed on a carbon material commonly used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, called XC-72. QENS spectra were recorded at the time-of-flight spectrometer IN5 at Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble at 40, 50, 60, and 70 K. By using the Chudley & Elliott model for jump diffusion, we found the diffusion coefficient at each temperature. The logarithm of the diffusion coefficient was plotted versus the inverse of the temperature to give the coefficient in the Arrhenius equation. From t…

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionHydrogenChemistryDiffusionJump diffusionAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrolyteNeutron scattering7. Clean energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbols.namesake[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryGeneral EnergyMonolayer[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Self-diffusion of silicon in molybdenum disilicide

2004

The self-diffusion of silicon in single crystal MoSi2 was studied by means of a radiotracer technique using the short-lived radioisotope 31Si (half-life ), which was produced and implanted into the samples at the ion-guide isotope separator on-line device at the University of Jyvaskyla in Finland. Diffusion annealing and subsequent serial sectioning of the specimens were performed immediately after the radiotracer implantation. In the entire temperature region investigated (835–1124 K), the 31Si diffusivities in both principal directions of the tetragonal MoSi2 crystals obey Arrhenius laws, where the diffusion perpendicular to the tetragonal axis is faster than parallel to it. In previous s…

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionSiliconAnnealing (metallurgy)Molybdenum disilicideAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal diffusivitysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundTetragonal crystal systemchemistrysymbolsSingle crystalNuclear chemistryPhilosophical Magazine
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Modeling polyethylene with the bond fluctuation model

1997

This work presents an application of recently developed ideas about how to map real polymer systems onto abstract models. In our case the abstract model is the bond fluctuation model with a Monte Carlo dynamics. We study the temperature dependence of chain dimensions and of the self-diffusion behavior in the melt from high temperatures down to 200 K. The chain conformations are equilibrated over the whole temperature range, which is possible for the abstract type of model we use. The size of the chains as measured by the characteristic ratio is within 25% of experimental data. The simulated values of the chain self-diffusion coefficient have to be matched to experimental information at one …

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionWork (thermodynamics)ChemistryMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangesymbols.namesakeViscositysymbolsStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryScaling
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Temperature dependance of the generation and decay of E’ centers induced in silica by 4.7eV laser radiation

2009

We report a study of the generation of silicon dangling bonds (E' centers) induced in fused silica by 4.7 eV laser irradiation in the 10 200 K the induced defects undergo a post-irradiation decay due to their reaction with mobile H(2). The interplay between generation and annealing gives rise to a bell-shaped temperature dependence of the concentration of induced E' centers, peaking at 250 K

Arrhenius equationSiliconChemistryAnnealing (metallurgy)Dangling bondchemistry.chemical_elementsilica point defectsActivation energyRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonancelawMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositessymbolsIrradiationSilica laser effects annealing
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Ligand Design for Heterobimetallic Single-Chain Magnets: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of MIICuII (M=Mn, Co) Chains with Ste…

2006

Two new series of neutral ox-amato-bridged heterobimetallic chains of general formula [MCu(L x ) 2 ]- m DMSO (m=0-4) (L 1 =N-2-methyl-phenyloxamate, M=Mn (1a) and Co (1 b); L2 = N-2,6-dimethylphenyloxamate, M=Mn (2a) and Co (2b); L 3 = N-2,4,6-trimethylphenyloxamate, M= Mn (3a) and Co (3b)) have been prepared by reaction between the corresponding anionic oxamatocopper(II) complexes [Cu(L x ) 2 ] 2- with Mn 2+ or Co 2+ cations in DMSO. The crystal structures of [CoCu(L 2 ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] (2b') and [CoCu(L 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]·4H 2 O (3b') have been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Compounds 2b' and 3b' adopt zigzag and linear chain structures, respectively. The intrachain Cu··…

Arrhenius equationSteric effectsStereochemistryLigandOrganic ChemistrySubstituentGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetizationsymbols.namesakeMagnetic anisotropyCrystallographychemistryFerrimagnetismsymbolsChemistry - A European Journal
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