Search results for "ESBL"
showing 10 items of 34 documents
Paplašināta spektra beta laktamāžu noteikšana enterobacteriaceae dzimtas baktērijās
2020
Enterobacteriaceae dzimta ir plaši pārstāvēta mikroorganismu dzimta, kuru veido medicīniski nozīmīgas gramnegatīvas nūjiņas. Šīs dzimtas pārstāvji izraisa infekciju saslimšanas gan vispārējā populācijā, gan medicīnas iestādēs (nozokomiālas infekcijas), skarot kā veselus cilvēkus, tā cilvēkus jau ar esošu saslimšanu. Tās pārstāvji- E.coli un K.pneumoniae, ir vieni no biežākajamiem smagu nozokomiālu infekciju izraisītājiem pasaulē. Arvien pieaug Enterobacteriaceae rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem, tai skaitā pret paplašināta spektra beta laktāmu antibiotikām. Tas būtiski palielina hospitalizācijas ilgumu, finansiālo slogu kā pacientiem, tā valstij un dēļ tā pieaug pacientu mirstī…
Klebsiella ģints baktēriju rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem
2017
K.pneumoniae ir viena no biežākajām nozokomiālo infekciju izraisītājām visā pasaulē. Visbiežāk tā ierosina infekcijas intensīvās terapijas pacientiem, pacientiem pēc apdegumiem, transplantācijām un jaundzimušajiem. K.pneumoniae ir cilvēka normālās mikrofloras sastāvā, tā bieži ierosina infekcijas pacientiem ar imūnsupresiju. Arvien pieaug arī K.pneumoniae rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem, kas būtiski palielina hospitalizācijas laiku un finansiālos izdevumus, kā arī pacientu mirstību visā pasaulē. Diplomdarba tēma ir: Klebsiella ģints baktēriju rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem. Darba mērķis ir izdalīt, identificēt un noteikt Klebsiella pneumoniae rezistenci pret ant…
No ķirurģiskā materiāla izdalīto Klebsiella spp. baktēriju β-laktamāžu producēšanas noteikšana
2021
Klebsiella pneumoniae un Klebsiella oxytoca ir Gram-negatīvas nosacīti patogēnas baktērijas, kas izraisa urīnceļu, plaušu u.c. orgānu infekcijas. Klebsiella spp. raksturo plaša rezistence pret β-laktāmu antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem, kur klīniski nozīmīgāka ir paplašināta darbības spektra β-laktamāze (ESBL). Darbā apkopota literatūra par Klebsiella spp. morfoloģiju, infekcijām, antibakteriālu terapiju un tās rezistences mehānismiem. Praktiskajā daļā tika iegūti Klebsiella spp. antibakteriālas jutības dati, pamatojoties uz disku difūzijas testiem (DDT), E-testiem, un arī lietojot molekulārbioloģiskās izmeklēšanas metodes: DNA STRIP® tehnoloģiju. Pētījums tika veikts Rīgas Traumatoloģijas un …
Midbiotics: conjugative plasmids for genetic engineering of natural gut flora.
2019
ABSTRACT The possibility to modify gut bacterial flora has become an important goal, and various approaches are used to achieve desirable communities. However, the genetic engineering of existing microbes in the gut, which are already compatible with the rest of the community and host immune system, has not received much attention. Here, we discuss and experimentally evaluate the possibility to use modified and mobilizable CRISPR-Cas9-endocing plasmid as a tool to induce changes in bacterial communities. This plasmid system (briefly midbiotic) is delivered from bacterial vector into target bacteria via conjugation. Compared to, for example, bacteriophage-based applications, the benefits of …
Prevalence, genetic diversity of and factors associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales carriage in residents of French nursing homes
2019
Summary Objective To determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBLE) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in nursing homes (NHs) in a French region. Risk factors associated with their carriage were also investigated. Methods A point-prevalence survey was proposed from November 2017 to June 2018 to NHs in the study region. Volunteer residents were screened for ESBLE and CPE carriage. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were genotyped using multi-locus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and phylogrouping (for E. coli alone). Collective and individual data were analyse…
Consequences of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Awaiting Li…
2020
Infections in patients with cirrhosis are associated with liver-related complications (LRCs), especially in patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase colonization on infections and LRCs for patients on the wait list and on infections after LT. We retrospectively included 250 of 483 patients with cirrhosis who were placed on the wait list for LT from December 2015 to January 2018. These patients were screened for MRSA or extended spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) at the time of wait-list placement and after LT. Of the patie…
Drug Resistance in Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium Bloodstream Infection, Malawi
2014
To the Editor: Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is one of the most common causes of bloodstream infection in sub-Saharan Africa (1). Among adults, the principal risk factor for invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease is advanced HIV infection; up to 44% of HIV-infected patients experience bacteremic recurrence through recrudescence of the original infection (2,3). Epidemics of iNTS disease in sub-Saharan Africa have been associated with a novel genotype of S. enterica ser. Typhimurium of multilocus sequence type (ST) 313 that is rarely seen outside the region and is associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) to chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, and ampicillin (4,5). As a conse…
Outbreak of colonizations by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli sequence type 131 in a neonatal intensive care unit, Italy
2013
Abstract Background Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) often associated with resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones have recently emerged in community-associated Escherichia coli. The worldwide clonal dissemination of E. coli sequence type (ST)131 is playing a prominent role. We describe an outbreak of colonizations by ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL-E. coli) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the University Hospital, Palermo, Italy. Methods An epidemiological investigation was conducted with the support of molecular typing. All children admitted to the NICU and colonized by ESBL-E. coli between January and June 2012, were included in the study. Cases were defined as…
On-Demand Isolation of Bacteriophages Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria for Personalized Phage Therapy
2015
Bacteriophages are bacterial viruses, capable of killing even multi-drug resistant bacterial cells. For this reason, therapeutic use of phages is considered as a possible alternative to conventional antibiotics. However, phages are very host specific in comparison to wide-spectrum antibiotics and thus preparation of phage-cocktails beforehand against pathogens can be difficult. In this study, we evaluate whether it may be possible to isolate phages on-demand from environmental reservoir. We attempted to enrich infectious bacteriophages from sewage against nosocomial drug-resistant bacterial strains of different medically important species in order to evaluate the probability of discovering …
Dissemination of CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli in Freshwater Fishes From a French Watershed (Burgundy)
2019
International audience; The burden of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec), has increased over several decades. Freshwater ecosystems are suspected to play an important ecological and evolutionary role in driving the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of our study was to decipher the occurrence of ESBL-Ec in a small watershed (Ouche river, Burgundy, France), targeting environmental matrices and fishes. Among cefotaxime resistant E. coli (ctxR Ec) isolates, we detected and characterized 36 ESBL-Ec from water, biofilm and fish guts. ctxR Ec and ESBL-Ec were found in samples from sites near the first small town, located downstream from the wate…