Search results for "ESTIMATION"

European Common Transport Policy and Short‐Sea Shipping: Empirical Evidence Based on Modal Choice Models

2009

Abstract This article aims to find the determinants of mode choice decisions for Spanish full lorry and full container loads shipments to the rest of Europe in four productive sectors: agroindustry, ceramic tiles, motor vehicle parts and household appliances. To this end exhaustive fieldwork was carried out and a database constructed, including 507 observations collected from transport decision‐makers. A binary logit is used to estimate a modal choice model where the two modes considered are road transport and Short‐Sea Shipping. The estimation of the model stresses the importance of a politico‐economic evaluation of how to modify the modal split, paying particular attention to the role tha…

Missing Value Estimation for Microarray Data by Bayesian Principal Component Analysis and Iterative Local Least Squares

2013

Published version of an article from the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Also available from Hindawi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/162938 Missing values are prevalent in microarray data, they course negative influence on downstream microarray analyses, and thus they should be estimated from known values. We propose a BPCA-iLLS method, which is an integration of two commonly used missing value estimation methods-Bayesian principal component analysis (BPCA) and local least squares (LLS). The inferior row-average procedure in LLS is replaced with BPCA, and the least squares method is put into an iterative framework. Comparative result shows that the proposed method has obtaine…

Corruption, political discretion and entrepreneurship

2018

Purpose While common sense suggests that corruption will likely have a negative impact on the economy as it raises the cost of doing business, research on the topic showed inconsistent results (positive, negative and neutral). This paper aims to verify whether corruption has a “grease” or “sand” effect on the wheels of entrepreneurial rates and under which conditions corruption will have stronger or weaker effects. Design/methodology/approach Using institutional theory as the basis for the hypotheses, generalized least squares estimation is conducted to empirically examine the role of corruption and political discretion in entrepreneurship in a sample of 93 countries. Findings Countries wi…

Feasibility Studies for Water Reuse Projects: Economic Valuation of Environmental Benefits

2010

Water reuse is emerging as a promising alternative because it enables water resources to be increased and lowers pollution levels by reducing wastewater. In recent decades, significant technological progress has been made in the field of wastewater regeneration; and project feasibility is now mostly subject to just economic assessment. However, the economic aspect is the least addressed aspect of research into water reuse. This is because private costs are generally considered while the external effects are relegated to a series of statements about the advantages of water reuse. Methodologies used to analyze the economic feasibility of these projects usually focus on internal costs. As a re…

Estimación de la temperatura superficial del mar desde datos satelitales NOAA-AVHRR: validación de algoritmos aplicados a la costa norte de Chile

2011

Se aplicaron y compararon tres algoritmos del tipo Split-Window (SW), que permitieron estimar la temperatura superficial del mar desde datos aportados por el sensor Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), a bordo de la serie de satélites de la National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). La validación de los algoritmos fue lograda por comparación con mediciones in situ de temperatura del mar provenientes de una boya hidrográfica, ubicada frente a la costa norte de Chile (21°21'S, 70°6'W; Región de Tarapacá), a 3 km de la costa aproximadamente. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron por aplicación del algoritmo propuesto por Sobrino & Raissouni (2000). En efecto, diferenci…

Estrategias para la elaboración de modelos estadísticos de regresión

2011

Multivariable regression models are widely used in health science research, mainly for two purposes: prediction and effect estimation. Various strategies have been recommended when building a regression model: a) use the right statistical method that matches the structure of the data; b) ensure an appropriate sample size by limiting the number of variables according to the number of events; c) prevent or correct for model overfitting; d) be aware of the problems associated with automatic variable selection procedures (such as stepwise), and e) always assess the performance of the final model in regard to calibration and discrimination measures. If resources allow, validate the prediction mo…

On the Estimation of the Radial Distance of a Moving Person in Indoor Environments from the Demodulated Response of LFMCW Radars

2021

smatr 3 - an R package for estimation and inference about allometric lines

2011

Summary 1. The Standardised Major Axis Tests and Routines (SMATR) software provides tools for estimation and inference about allometric lines, currently widely used in ecology and evolution. 2. This paper describes some significant improvements to the functionality of the package, now available on R in smatr version 3. 3. New inclusions in the package include sma and ma functions that accept formula input and perform the key inference tasks; multiple comparisons; graphical methods for visualising data and checking (S)MA assumptions; robust (S)MA estimation and inference tools.

The impact of embassies and consulates on tourism

2007

Abstract This paper estimates the effect of embassies and consulates on tourist flows from the G-7 countries. The results indicate that embassies and consulates have a positive and significant effect on tourism that ranges between 15% and 30% depending on the estimation technique. Moreover, the impact is larger for the sample of developing countries. The disaggregated analysis shows that, after controlling for both origin and destination fixed effects, a significant impact is found in the seven origin countries.

The effect of non-participation on the estimation of smoking trends

2015

Background Smoking trends in Finland have been declining among men and increasing among women. These trends are based on data collected through population surveys. At the same time, survey participation rates have declined. It has also been shown that survey non-participation is not random, i.e. survey participants and non-participants differ from each other in their socio-economic status, health behaviours and health …