Search results for "EXCHANGE"
showing 10 items of 2035 documents
Who are maximizers? Future oriented and highly numerate individuals
2015
Two studies investigated cognitive mechanisms that may be associated with people's tendency to maximize. Maximizers are individuals who are spending a great amount of effort in order to find the very best option in a decision situation, rather than stopping the decision process when they encounter a satisfying option. These studies show that maximizers are more future oriented than other people, which may motivate them to invest the extra energy into optimal choices. Maximizers also have higher numerical skills, possibly facilitating the cognitive processes involved with decision trade-offs.
Complexes of organometallic compounds
1966
Abstract The compounds (C2H5)2PbCl2, (C2H5)3PbCl and PbCl2 were studied by paper electrophoresis in aqueous LiCl solutions of various molarities. Determination was made of the formation of chloride complexes in which the electric charge was a function of ligand concentration in the solution. From the results of these experiments, and from a comparative examination of anion exchange data obtained in previous researches, useful information is obtained for determining the ligand concentrations relative to the preponderance of cationic, neutral and anionic complexes in the aqueous solutions. From this information it is possible to assume (C2H5)2PbCl42− and (C2H5)3PbCl32− as the fully coordinate…
Preparation and characterization of sodium iron titanate ion exchanger and its application in heavy metal removal from waste waters.
2006
Abstract The ion exchange properties of sodium iron titanates, namely, NaFeTiO4, Na2Fe2Ti6O16 and iron-doped sodium nonatitanate were investigated. Conventional solid state and sol–gel methods were used in the synthesis of the sodium iron titanates. Structural characterization of the materials was performed with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Based on TG analyses, the novel iron-doped sodium nonatitanate was proven to be a member of the layered titanate family. The different sodium iron titanates were compa…
A Lightweight Network Discovery Algorithm for Resource-constrained IoT Devices
2019
Although quite simple, existing protocols for the IoT suffer from the inflexibility of centralized infrastructures and require several configuration stages. The implementation of these protocols is often prohibitive on resource-constrained devices. In this work, we propose a distributed lightweight implementation of network discovery for simple IoT devices. Our approach is based on the exchange of symbolic executable code among nodes. Based on this abstraction, we propose an algorithm that makes even IoT resource-constrained nodes able to construct the network topology graph incrementally and without any a priori information about device positioning and presence. The minimal set of executab…
Response of Vertisols, Andosols, and Alisols to paddy management
2016
Abstract Interchanging submergence and drainage in paddy soils induce alternating redox conditions. It is known that this causes changes in organic carbon stocks, in amounts and crystallinity of Fe oxides as well as transformation of clay minerals and subsequent changes in cation exchange capacity (CEC). However, the influence of the initial soil type on the extent of these changes is not yet well understood. Therefore, we studied paddy soils that derived from three different soil types (Vertisols, Andosols, Alisols) on volcanic parent material in Java (Indonesia). To account for the variability in parent materials, we additionally sampled sandstone-derived Alisols in China. Adjacent non-pa…
Blood Component Therapy and Coagulopathy in Trauma: A Systematic Review of the Literature from the Trauma Update Group
2016
Background Traumatic coagulopathy is thought to increase mortality and its treatment to reduce preventable deaths. However, there is still uncertainty in this field, and available literature results may have been overestimated. Methods We searched the MEDLINE database using the PubMed platform. We formulated four queries investigating the prognostic weight of traumatic coagulopathy defined according to conventional laboratory testing, and the effectiveness in reducing mortality of three different treatments aimed at contrasting coagulopathy (high fresh frozen plasma/packed red blood cells ratios, fibrinogen, and tranexamic acid administration). Randomized controlled trials were selected alo…
The introduction of the Euro and its effects on portfolio decisions
2010
Abstract Examining investment behavior related to the Euro introduction, we address the relevance of different investment determinants. With the advent of the currency union two potential sources of portfolio reallocation can be distinguished: First, the diminishment of exchange rate risk and transaction costs within the EMU. Second, the increase of correlation of EMU returns so that diversification benefits decreased. We test for structural breaks in the holdings of German investors and estimate a market model to account for the two effects. A significant decrease in national and an increase in EMU and rest-of-the-world investments can be observed. Comparing the observed holdings with benc…
Have IFRS Changed How Stock Prices Associate with Earnings and Book Values? Evidence from Norway
2012
Firms listed on European, Australian and an increasing number of other stock exchanges are required to report according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). We use a Norwegian sample to examine whether the adoption of IFRS in 2005 has changed the value relevance of earnings relative to book values. IFRS are balance sheet-oriented and emphasize measurement at fair value. In contrast, Norwegian GAAP (NGAAP) are earnings-oriented and focus on measurement at transactional (historical) cost. IFRS also differ by recognizing more intangible assets, which further contributes to making IFRS less conservative than NGAAP. We find that more fair value accounting increases the value re…
THE DURATION OF FIRM-DESTINATION EXPORT RELATIONSHIPS: EVIDENCE FROM SPAIN, 1997-2006
2012
I. INTRODUCTION The traditional trade literature that investigates aggregate trade flows emphasizes the sizeable increase in trade relationships since World War II and the remarkable persistence of trade flows. However, recent microlevel studies point out that under the stable aggregate trade flows there is a rich dynamics at firm- and/or product-level with a high turnover. In fact, international-market presence is often a transitory and an uncommon phenomenon. At any period, only a small percentage of home-based firms participate in trade and exporting firms are different from non-exporters (larger, more productive, etc.). Moreover, there is much persistence in exporting status; being an e…
Political risk and export promotion: evidence from Germany
2008
Political risk represents an important hidden transaction cost that reduces international trade. This paper investigates the claim that German public export credit guarantees (Hermes guarantees) mitigate this friction to trade flows and hence promote exports. We employ an empirical trade gravity model, where we explicitly control for political risk in the importing country in order to evaluate the effect of export guarantees. The idea behind export promotion through public export credit agencies (ECAs) is that the private market is unable to provide adequate insurance for all risks associated with exports. As a consequence, firms' export activities are limited in the absence of insurance pr…