Search results for "EXCITATION"

showing 10 items of 1290 documents

Small field motion detection in goldfish is red-green color blind and mediated by the M-cone type

2007

Large field motion detection in goldfish, measured in the optomotor response, is based on the L-cone type, and is therefore color-blind (Schaerer & Neumeyer, 1996). In experiments using a two-choice training procedure, we investigated now whether the same holds for the detection of a small moving object (size: 8 mm diameter; velocity: 7 cm/s). In initial experiments, we found that goldfish did not discriminate between a moving and a stationary stimulus, obviously not taking attention to the cue “moving.” Therefore, random dot patterns were used in which the stimulus was visible only when moving. Using black and white random dot patterns with variable contrast between 0.2 and 1, we found…

PhysicsCommunicationBehavior AnimalAdaptation OcularPhysiologybusiness.industryColor visionMotion PerceptionMotion detectionObject motionStimulus (physiology)Choice BehaviorSensory SystemsSmall fieldOpticsGreen colorGoldfishRetinal Cone Photoreceptor CellsOptomotor responseAnimalsbusinessColor PerceptionPhotic StimulationExcitationVisual Neuroscience
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Incoherent midinfrared charge excitation and the high-energy anomaly in the photoemission spectra of cuprates

2007

On the basis of a semi-phenomenological model, it is argued that the high energy anomaly observed in recent photoemission experiments on cuprates is caused by interaction with an overdamped bosonic mode in the mid-infrared region of the spectrum. Analysis of optical conductivity allows to connect this excitation to the incoherent charge response reported for the majority of high Tc materials and some other perovskites. We show that its large damping is an essential feature responsible for the "waterfall" dispersion and linewidth of the spectral weight.

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsInverse photoemission spectroscopyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsOptical conductivityhigh-temperature superconductorsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLaser linewidthCuprateAnomaly (physics)Excitation
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Thermally induced magnon accumulation in two-sublattice magnets

2016

We present a temperature-dependent study of the thermal excitation of a magnon accumulation in two-sublattice magnetic materials. Using atomistic spin model simulations, we study the local magnetization profiles sublattice-wise in the vicinity of a temperature step in antiferromagnets, as well as in ferrimagnets. It is shown that the strength of the magnon accumulation in these systems scales with the derivative of the magnetization with respect to the temperature. These results give an insight into the complex temperature dependence of the magnon accumulation by making a direct link to the macroscopic behavior of the magnetization.

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceSpin polarizationCondensed matter physicsMagnonMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMagnet0103 physical sciencesThermalSpin modelddc:530Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationDerivative (chemistry)Physical Review B
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Effective description of domain wall strings

2017

The analysis of domain wall dynamics is often simplified to one-dimensional physics. For domain walls in thin films, more realistic approaches require the description as two-dimensional objects. This includes the study of vortices and curvatures along the domain walls as well as the influence of boundary effects. Here we provide a theory in terms of soft modes that allows us to analytically study the physics of extended domain walls and their stability. By considering irregularly shaped skyrmions as closed domain walls, we analyze their plasticity and compare their dynamics with those of circular skyrmions. Our theory directly provides an analytical description of the excitation modes of ma…

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSkyrmionFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologySoft modesPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesStability (probability)Domain (software engineering)VortexDomain wall (string theory)Classical mechanics0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyScalingExcitation
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Nonlinear Dynamics of Topological Ferromagnetic Textures for Frequency Multiplication

2020

We propose that the non-linear radio-frequency dynamics and nanoscale size of topological magnetic structures associated to their well-defined internal modes advocate for their use as in-materio scalable frequency multipliers for spintronic systems. Frequency multipliers allow for frequency conversion between input and output frequencies, and thereby significantly increase the range of controllably accessible frequencies. In particular, we explore the excitation of eigenmodes of topological magnetic textures by fractions of the corresponding eigenfrequencies. We show via micromagnetic simulations that low-frequency perturbations to the system can efficiently excite bounded modes with a high…

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSpintronicsTexture (cosmology)SkyrmionFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTopology01 natural sciencesVortexNonlinear systemAmplitudeFerromagnetismMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review Applied
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Energy- and angle-dependent threshold photoemission magnetic circular dichroism from an ultrathin Co/Pt(111) film

2010

Threshold photoemission magnetic circular dichroism (TPMCD) in one-photon photoemission (1PPE) and two-photon photoemission (2PPE) is measured at an ultrathin Co film grown on Pt(111). Energy-dependent measurements reveal maximum asymmetries directly at the photoemission threshold (1.90% for 1PPE and 11.7% for 2PPE) which weakly decrease with increasing photon energy. The measured TPMCD asymmetries are discussed in two excitation models on the basis of spin-resolved band-structure calculations. For the model of direct band-to-band transitions in other k directions than the direction of observation (Gamma-L) ab initio calculations for 1PPE and 2PPE are performed. The theory is in reasonable …

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetic circular dichroismAngle of incidence (optics)Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsInverse photoemission spectroscopyAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyFresnel equationsPhoton energyAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsExcitationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysical Review B
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Signatures of superfluidity for Feshbach-resonant Fermi gases

2004

We consider atomic Fermi gases where Feshbach resonances can be used to continuously tune the system from weak to strong interaction regime, allowing to scan the whole BCS-BEC crossover. We show how a probing field transferring atoms out of the superfluid can be used to detect the onset of the superfluid transition in the high-$T_c$ and BCS regimes. The number of transferred atoms, as a function of the energy given by the probing field, peaks at the gap energy. The shape of the peak is asymmetric due to the single particle excitation gap. Since the excitation gap includes also a pseudogap contribution, the asymmetry alone is not a signature of superfluidity. Incoherent nature of the non-con…

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter::Othermedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesBCS theoryAsymmetrylaw.inventionSuperfluidityCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronslawPseudogapFeshbach resonanceFermi gasExcitationBose–Einstein condensatemedia_common
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Minimum instances of topological matter in an optical plaquette

2007

We propose experimental schemes to create and probe minimum forms of different topologically ordered states in a plaquette of an optical lattice: Resonating Valence Bond, Laughlin and string-net condensed states. We show how to create anyonic excitations on top of these liquids and detect their fractional statistics. In addition, we propose a way to design a plaquette ring-exchange interaction, the building block Hamiltonian of a lattice topological theory. Our preparation and detection schemes combine different techniques already demonstrated in experiments with atoms in optical superlattices.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeValence (chemistry)High Energy Physics::LatticeFOS: Physical sciencesTopological quantum computerAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed Mattersymbols.namesakeLattice (order)Quantum mechanicssymbolsValence bond theoryMatter waveHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)ExcitationOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Exciton, biexciton and trion recombination dynamics in a single quantum dot under selective optical pumping

2008

Continuous wave- and time-resolved micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy has been performed on single InAs self-assembled quantum dots grown on GaAs. The presence of residual impurities (donors and acceptors) in samples with low dot density opens the possibility to switch from trion to neutral exciton states inside quantum dots by selective optical pumping. We propose a microstate model to describe the recombination dynamics of all the excitonic especies (neutral exciton, positive/negative trion and biexciton) under the considered optical pumping conditions when increasing the excitation power. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhotoluminescenceCondensed Matter::OtherExcitonPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectOptical switchAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssemiconductor quantum dotsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptical pumpingCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencemicro-photoluminescenceQuantum dotTrionAtomic physicsBiexcitonExcitation
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Nonlinear interaction of light with Bose-Einstein condensate: new methods to generate subpoissonian light

2004

We consider $\Lambda$-type model of the Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms interacting with the light. Coefficients of the Kerr-nonlinearity in the condensate can achieve large and negative values providing the possibility for effective control of group velocity and dispersion of the probe pulse. We find a regime when the observation of the "slow" and "fast" light propagating without absorption becomes achievable due to strong nonlinearity. An effective two-level quantum model of the system is derived and studied based on the su(2) polynomial deformation approach. We propose an efficient way for generation of subpoissonian fields in the Bose-Einstein condensate at time-scales much sho…

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPolynomialQuantum PhysicsKerr effectNonlinear opticsFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionNonlinear systemlawQuantum mechanicsGroup velocityQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumBose–Einstein condensateExcitation
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