Search results for "Early detection"
showing 10 items of 222 documents
Prospective validation of a blood-based 9-miRNA profile for early detection of breast cancer in a cohort of women examined by clinical mammography
2016
Mammography is the predominant screening method for early detection of breast cancer, but has limitations and could be rendered more accurate by combination with a blood-based biomarker profile. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as strong biomarkers, and we previously developed a 9-miRNA profile using serum and LNA-based qPCR that effectively stratified patients with early stage breast cancer vs. healthy women. To further develop the test into routine clinical practice, we collected serum of women examined by clinical mammography (N = 197) according to standard operational procedures (SOPs) of the Danish Cancer Biobank. The performance of the circulating 9-miRNA pro…
Molecular landscape of esophageal cancer: implications for early detection and personalized therapy
2018
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most lethal cancers and a public health concern worldwide, owing to late diagnosis and lack of efficient treatment. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are main histopathological subtypes of EC that show striking differences in geographical distribution, possibly due to differences in exposure to risk factors and lifestyles. ESCC and EAC are distinct diseases in terms of cell of origin, epidemiology, and molecular architecture of tumor cells. Past efforts aimed at translating potential molecular candidates into clinical practice proved to be challenging, underscoring the need for identifying novel candidates for …
Serum and urine 1H NMR-based metabolomics in the diagnosis of selected thyroid diseases
2017
AbstractEarly detection of nodular thyroid diseases including thyroid cancer is still primarily based on invasive procedures such as fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Therefore, there is a strong need for development of new diagnostic methods that could provide clinically useful information regarding thyroid nodular lesions in a non-invasive way. In this study we investigated 1H NMR based metabolic profiles of paired urine and blood serum samples, that were obtained from healthy individuals and patients with nodular thyroid diseases. Estimation of predictive potential of metabolites was evaluated using chemometric methods and revealed that both urine and serum carry information sufficient to d…
A widely used sampling device in colorectal cancer screening programmes allows for large-scale microbiome studies.
2018
We read with interest the article by Passamonti et al ,1 reporting the performance of two different faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) highlighting the importance of standardisation and validation of screening methodologies. Conventionally, laboratory-based FIT is the preferred approach in testing for occult blood in faeces, which includes colorectal cancer screening programmes.2–4 The potential of preserving stable faecal samples in a widely used FIT buffer for microbiome research would enable prospective microbiome studies in generally healthy subjects undergoing colorectal cancer screening. For this purpose, we evaluated faecal sample stability in the commonly used OC-Sensor (Eiken Chemi…
Tracking zoonotic pathogens using blood-sucking flies as 'flying syringes'
2017
About 60% of emerging infectious diseases in humans are of zoonotic origin. Their increasing number requires the development of new methods for early detection and monitoring of infectious agents in wildlife. Here, we investigated whether blood meals from hematophagous flies could be used to identify the infectious agents circulating in wild vertebrates. To this aim, 1230 blood-engorged flies were caught in the forests of Gabon. Identified blood meals (30%) were from 20 vertebrate species including mammals, birds and reptiles. Among them, 9% were infected by different extant malaria parasites among which some belonged to known parasite species, others to new parasite species or to parasite …
Early detection of gastric cancer beyond endoscopy - new methods
2021
Early detection of gastric cancer is remaining a challenge. This review summarizes current knowledge on non-invasive methods that could be used for the purpose. The role of traditional cancer markers such as CEA, CA 72-4, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and CA 12-5 lies mainly in therapy monitoring than early detection. Most extensive studied biomarkers (pepsinogens, ABC method) are aiming at the detection of precancerous lesions with modest sensitivity for cancer. Tests based on the detection of cancer-specific methylation patterns (PanSeer), circulating proteins and mutations in circulating tumour DNA (CancerSEEK), as well as miRNA panels have demonstrated promising results bringing those closer to pra…
Management goals for type 1 Gaucher disease: An expert consensus document from the European working group on Gaucher disease
2018
Gaucher Disease type 1 (GD1) is a lysosomal disorder that affects many systems. Therapy improves the principal manifestations of the condition and, as a consequence, many patients show a modified phenotype which reflects manifestations of their disease that are refractory to treatment. More generally, it is increasingly recognised that information as to how a patient feels and functions [obtained by patient- reported outcome measurements (PROMs)] is critical to any comprehensive evaluation of treatment. A new set of management goals for GD1 in which both trends are reflected is needed. To this end, a modified Delphi procedure among 25 experts was performed. Based on a literature review and …
Cervical Cancer Screening: Comparison of Conventional Pap Smear Test, Liquid-Based Cytology, and Human Papillomavirus Testing as Stand-alone or Cotes…
2020
Abstract Background: Some countries have implemented stand-alone human papillomavirus (HPV) testing while others consider cotesting for cervical cancer screening. We compared both strategies within a population-based study. Methods: The MARZY cohort study was conducted in Germany. Randomly selected women from population registries aged ≥30 years (n = 5,275) were invited to screening with Pap smear, liquid-based cytology (LBC, ThinPrep), and HPV testing (Hybrid Capture2, HC2). Screen-positive participants [ASC-US+ or high-risk HC2 (hrHC2)] and a random 5% sample of screen-negatives were referred to colposcopy. Post hoc HPV genotyping was conducted by GP5+/6+ PCR-EIA with reverse line blottin…
Clinical utility of novel biosensing platform: Diagnosis of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 at point of care
2021
Early detection is the first step in the fight against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therefore, an efficient, rapid, selective, specific, and inexpensive SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic method is the need of the hour. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology is massively utilized to detect infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, scientists continue to strive to create enhanced technology while continually developing nanomaterial-enabled biosensing methods that can provide new methodologies, potentially fulfilling the present demand for rapid and early identification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Our review presents a summar…
Synthetic indicator of the impact of colorectal cancer screening programmes on incidence rates
2020
ObjectiveThe impact of a screening programme on colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in its target population depends on several variables, including coverage with invitations, participation rate, positivity rate of the screening test, compliance with an invitation to second-level assessment and endoscopists’ sensitivity. We propose a synthetic indicator that may account for all the variables influencing the potential impact of a screening programme on CRC incidence.DesignWe defined the ‘rate of advanced adenoma on the target population’ (AA-TAP) as the rate of patients who received a diagnosis of advanced adenoma within a screening programme, divided by the programme target population. We com…