Search results for "Eating Disorder"
showing 10 items of 305 documents
The spanish body image state scale: factor structure, reliability and validity in a colombian population
2019
ObjectiveBody image is a construct highly dependent on culture and ethnicity. Furthermore, recent studies reveal that body image is not only a trait, but also a momentary state subject to change in diverse situational contexts. However, cultural influences on momentary body image have not been sufficiently investigated. To assess the influence of Latin American culture on momentary body image and to enable its comparison to Western countries, the Spanish translation of an existing state body image scale such as the Body Image States Scale (BISS) is needed. In addition, the factor structure, reliability and general validity of the Spanish BISS (S-BISS) should be evaluated prior to its applic…
The 'Extreme Female Brain' : Increased Cognitive Empathy as a Dimension of Psychopathology
2016
Abstract Baron-Cohen's ‛extreme male brain' theory postulates that autism involves exaggerated male-typical psychology, with reduced empathizing (considered here as social–emotional interest, motivation and abilities) and increased systemizing (non-social, physical-world and rule-based interest, motivation and abilities), in association with its male-biased sex ratio. The concept of an ‘extreme female brain', involving some combination of increased empathizing and reduced systemizing, and its possible role in psychiatric conditions, has been considerably less well investigated. Female-biased sex ratios have been described in two conditions, depression and borderline personality disorder (BP…
Psychological and metabolic risk factors in older adults with a previous history of eating disorder: A cross-sectional study from the Predimed-Plus s…
2021
Goals To explore affective and cognitive status, later in life, in individuals with and without previous history of eating disorder (ED), and also its association with higher risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) symptomatology. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of 6756 adults, aged 55-75 years with overweight/obesity and MetS participating in the Predimed-Plus study was conducted. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires to examine lifetime history of ED, according to DSM-5 criteria, and other psychopathological and neurocognitive factors. Anthropometric and metabolic measurements were also collected. Results Of the whole sample, 24 individuals (0.35%) reported a previous history …
Power of Cognition: How Dysfunctional Cognitions and Schemas Influence Eating Behavior in Daily Life Among Individuals With Eating Disorders
2018
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by marked cognitive distortions and maladaptive schemas. Cognitive models of EDs highlight the direct impact of cognitive dysfunctions on eating-related disturbances, insofar as specific cognitive contents such as thoughts about diet rules and food or loss of control may trigger disturbed eating behavior. Moreover, early maladaptive schemas that reflect perfectionist standards and relate to achievement and performance seem to be associated with disturbed eating, e.g., via their impact on situation-specific appraisals. However, so far, no study has investigated these assumptions. Hence, the present study sought to demonstrate whether and how cognitive…
Orthorexic tendencies and healthy eating in university students: which association with eating disorders, psychopathology, and defense mechanisms?
2021
Orthorexic tendencies and healthy eating in university students: which association with eating disorders, psychopathology, and defense mechanisms? higher in some immature defenses (passive aggression and somatization) than healthy-eating individuals, while no differences were found in mature and neurotic defense styles. Conclusions. These results support the existence of significant differences between ON and other (non-problematic) healthy eating behaviors.
Impact of Phychicatric Disorder Bulimia Nervosa on Oral Health
2021
Bulīmija un bulīmiska rakstura uzvedība ir vieni no zināmākajiem ēšanas traucējumiem visā pasaulē jau kopš Viduslaikiem.54 Vispārējo zināšanu trūkums par bulīmijas klīniskajām pazīmēm, simptomiem un ārstēšanu bulīmijas pacientiem varētu būt par iemeslu tam, ka tikai neliels procents šo pacientu tiek atpazīti zobārsta kabinetā.58 Regulāra ierosinātā vemšana izraisa zobu erozijas, kas ir nozīmīga bulīmiskās aktivitātes pazīme, ko novēro 90% bulīmijas pacientu. Zobārstam jāprot diagnosticēt bulīmiju un pielietot pareizu mutes dobuma profilakses un ārstēšanas algoritmu šiem pacientiem. Darba mērķis ir izpētīt, kā bulīmija ietekmē mutes dobuma veselību – īpaši zobu veselību un bulīmijas radītās …
Compulsive exercise as a mediator between clinical perfectionism and eating pathology
2017
The aim of this study was to examine whether compulsive exercise mediates the relationship between clinical perfectionism and eating pathology, based on the cognitive behavioral model of compulsive exercise. Participants were 368 adults who participated regularly in sport/exercise and completed online measures of perfectionism, compulsive exercise and eating disorders. In support of the well-established link between perfectionism and eating disorders, clinical perfectionism predicted eating pathology both directly and indirectly mediated by compulsive exercise. In addition, there were also direct effects of clinical perfectionism on the avoidance/rule-driven behavior, weight control, and mo…
Dysfunction of the mesolimbic circuit to food odors in women with anorexia and bulimia nervosa: A fMRI study
2019
Brain reward dysfunction in eating disorders has been widely reported. However, whether the neural correlates of hedonic and motivational experiences related to food cues are differentially affected in anorexia nervosa of restrictive type (ANr), bulimia nervosa (BN), and healthy control (HC) participants remains unknown. Here, 39 women (14 ANr, 13 BN, and 12 HC) underwent fMRI while smelling food or non-food odors in hunger and satiety states during liking and wanting tasks. ANr and BN patients reported less desire to eat odor-cued food and odor-cued high energy-density food (EDF), respectively. ANr patients exhibited lower ventral tegmental area (VTA) activation than BN patients to food od…
Le funzioni metacognitive nei pazienti con disturbi del comportamento alimentare. Uno studio sul trattamento psicodinamico di gruppo
2009
A call to experimentally study acute affect-regulation mechanisms specific to driven exercise in eating disorders.
2020
Driven exercise (i.e., feeling compelled to exercise to control one's weight or shape, to obtain other positive consequences of exercising, or to avoid other negative consequences of not exercising) is a common phenomenon in individuals with eating disorders (EDs), typically associated with negative clinical outcomes. Current theoretical models of driven exercise highlight the short-term affect-regulating outcome of acute driven exercise, which is implicated to maintain this symptom either by positive or negative reinforcement. However, few studies have actually investigated cognitive, affective, and psychobiological mechanisms related to acute driven exercise. In particular, experimental s…