Search results for "Econometric"
showing 10 items of 3780 documents
Determinants of elimination decisions in the activity scheduling process
2016
[EN] This paper presents an analysis on the determinants related to a particular rescheduling decision in the activity-travel scheduling process: elimination decisions, which consist in the non-execution of pre-planned activity-travel episodes. Data used come from an in-depth computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) follow up survey carried out during the implementation of the first wave of an activity scheduling process panel survey. Open-ended answers related to the reasons associated to changes between pre-planned and executed agenda are studied. First, an interpretative qualitative method based on analytic induction (AI) is used to cope with the complex nature of the rescheduling de…
Candidate localness and voter choice in the 2015 General Election in England
2017
Previous research has demonstrated a significant relationship between the geographical distance from a voter to a candidate and the likelihood of the voter choosing that candidate. However, models of this relationship may be mis- or under-specified, by not taking into account voters’ perceptions of distance or not controlling for other possible factors related to a candidate’s ‘localness’ which may influence vote choice. Using a two-wave panel survey carried out during the 2015 UK General Election, this article tests a more fully specified alternative-specific multinomial probit model of candidate-voter distance. We show that, although the effect size is smaller than in previous tests, cand…
Growth in a time of external imbalances
2019
Abstract Globalization and financial integration have increased in the last three decades giving rise to cumulated large external imbalances. The question we address in this paper is whether economic growth can be affected by these external imbalances. We estimate an augmented growth equation with the external stock position of the countries measured by the net foreign asset position. Unlike previous literature, we use non-parametric methods that capture non-linearities and heterogeneity, and apply them to a sample that includes 106 developed and developing countries for the period 1983-2011. Contrary to the neoclassical theory, we find that improvements in the external position foster grow…
Pushing Through or Slacking Off? Heterogeneity in the Reaction to Rank Feedback
2018
This paper studies heterogeneity in the reaction to rank feedback. In a laboratory experiment, individuals take part in a series of dynamic real-effort contests with intermediate feedback. To solve the identification problem in estimating the causal effect of rank feedback on subsequent effort provision we implement a random multiplier in the first round of each contest. The realization of this multiplier then serves as a valid instrument for rank feedback. While rank feedback has a robust effect on subsequent effort provision on average, an explicit analysis of between-subject heterogeneity reveals that a substantial fraction of participants in fact react entirely opposite than the aggrega…
Identity in First and Second Generation Migrants Belonging to a Tunisian Community in Mazara del Vallo (Sicily)
2015
In Sicily, the increasing presence of immigrants has given the society an important challenge which has also required the adoption of an intercultural view and intervention designed to deepen the needs of migrants. Immigrants living in Sicily are distributed above all in coastal areas. The most numerous migrant communities come from Romania, Tunisia and Morocco. In the province of Trapani, the presence of foreigners reflects the regional distribution with migrants from Romania, Tunisia and Morocco. However, a different distribution of the population has been recorded in Mazara del Vallo, a small town in the province of Trapani, where a Tunisian community justifies the prevalence of Tunisian…
NAUTILUS framework : towards trade-off-free interaction in multiobjective optimization
2016
In this paper, we present a framework of different interactive NAUTILUS methods for multiobjective optimization. In interactive methods, the decision maker iteratively sees solution alternatives and provides one’s preferences in order to find the most preferred solution. We question the widely used setting that the solutions shown to the decision maker should all be Pareto optimal which implies that improvement in any objective function necessitates allowing impairment in some others. Instead, in NAUTILUS we enable the decision maker to make a free search without having to trade-off by starting from an inferior solution and iteratively approaching the Pareto optimal set by allowing all obje…
Agglomeration and dispersion of economic activities in and around Paris: An exploratory spatial data analysis
2010
The agglomeration patterns of twenty-six manufacturing and service sectors in and around Paris in 1999 are analysed. The method used measures the intensity of spatial agglomeration and identifies the location patterns of economic sectors. First the locational Gini coefficient and Moran’s I statistics of global spatial autocorrelation are computed. These provide different but complementary information about the spatial agglomeration of the sectors under study. Then exploratory spatial data analysis tools are applied. Moran scatterplots and local indicators of spatial association statistics reveal great diversity in location patterns across sectors.
Public Transport Passenger Count Forecasting in Pandemic Scenarios Using Regression Tsetlin Machine. Case Study of Agder, Norway
2021
Challenged by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, public transport is suffering from low ridership and staggering economic losses. One of the factors which triggered such losses was the lack of preparedness among governments and public transport providers. The losses can be minimized if the passenger count can be predicted with a higher accuracy and the public transport provision adapted to the demand in real time. The present paper explores the use of a novel machine learning algorithm, namely Regression Tsetlin Machine, in using historical passenger transport data from the current COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic period, combined with a calendar of pandemic-related events (e.g. daily …
Pattern formation driven by cross–diffusion in a 2D domain
2012
Abstract In this work we investigate the process of pattern formation in a two dimensional domain for a reaction–diffusion system with nonlinear diffusion terms and the competitive Lotka–Volterra kinetics. The linear stability analysis shows that cross-diffusion, through Turing bifurcation, is the key mechanism for the formation of spatial patterns. We show that the bifurcation can be regular, degenerate non-resonant and resonant. We use multiple scales expansions to derive the amplitude equations appropriate for each case and show that the system supports patterns like rolls, squares, mixed-mode patterns, supersquares, and hexagonal patterns.
Individual information for pension contributors: Recommendations for Spain based on international experience
2012
The aim of this article is to establish basic guidelines to support the possible design of an information letter to be sent to individuals who contribute to the Spanish state pension system, should a decision ever be taken to adopt such an instrument. Basing our work on international experience and published research in the field, we look into the concept of “individual pension information” and identify its most relevant features. We then give detailed descriptions of two models for the provision of individual pension information (the United States and Sweden), looking in particular at how these are structured, what aspects could be improved and their limitations. Finally, we offer recommen…