Search results for "Economics"
showing 10 items of 14389 documents
Income inequality and famine mortality: Evidence from the Finnish famine of the 1860s
2021
This article examines whether economic inequality intensified the adverse effects of harvest, price, and income shocks during a famine. Using a parish-level longitudinal dataset from the Finnish famine of the 1860s, it shows that a substantial proportion of the excess mortality experienced during the famine resulted from a decline in agricultural production, a decline in incomes, and a surge in food prices. The findings indicate that the adverse effects of food output fluctuations were intensified by increasing income inequality and decreasing average income, while the market-transmitted shocks were weakened by a contraction of disposable income. The results are corroborated with multiple a…
E-Government Implementation: Transparency, Accessibility and Usability of Government Websites
2017
In several European countries decentralization has promoted the creation of Regional Governments (RGs) with high levels of competence and responsibilities, such as promoting good governance and sustainability. Information and communication technologies (ICTs), and hence, the adoption of e-government has contributed to the adoption and dissemination of government transparency in a usable and accessible way. In this chapter, we study the transparency, accessibility and usability of websites of Spanish RGs.
Reception of the quality assurance commitments of the Bologna process in Finnish higher education institutions
2016
AbstractThis article analyses Finnish higher education institutions’ reception of the implementation of the new quality assurance systems that governments participating in the Bologna Process have committed to establishing in the Berlin Communique of 2003. The data were collected using a web survey and the respondents were classified with a cluster analysis. The reception was more positive in the polytechnics than in the research universities and women were more positive than men. People working in managerial positions were most positive about, and committed to, quality assurance. Most critical were young researchers in research universities working in temporary jobs. Some opinions were so …
Social media adoption in Italian firms. Opportunities and challenges for lagging regions
2021
Social media are an important growth opportunity for firms, especially small‐sized ones operating in peripheral and lagging regions. In this paper, we investigate not only whether firms are able to take this opportunity, but also if they are able to face the challenge of adopting social media at a professional level to obtain a significant economic impact, measured in terms of exporting activities. Exploring the Italian case, our empirical study indicates that smaller firms in lagging areas are more likely to adopt social media but at the same time less likely to use them at a professional level. This reflects poor strategic targets of social media adoption and lower probabilities of enteri…
Assessing tolerance for wildlife: human-elephant conflict in Chimanimani, Mozambique
2020
Human–elephant conflict (HEC) is a common problem for rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa. Recent studies have shown that willingness to tolerate wildlife is largely a function of perceived risks and benefits, but most technical assessments are limited to the immediate cause of the conflict and neglect the broader socioeconomic and political contexts. Based on two sets of interviews, this article provides a socioeconomic analysis of HEC in the buffer zone of Chimanimani National Reserve in Mozambique. Although traditional methods to scare off elephants were found to have little effect, a beehive fence introduced in 2016 initially appeared to be successful. However, follow-up three years…
Land rent, production and land use
1986
Let us consider land rent as a monetary surplus generated by a productive activity. Land is allocated to the activity which yields the highest rent, as a result of a bidding process. This principle which THÜNEN (1826) and later LÖSCH (1940) applied to agricultural location, leads to the famous theory of concentric circles which is still at the heart of present day urban structure theories. These theories concentrate on utility and demand rather than on the conditions of production. In a different approach, the aim of this paper is to generalize some aspects of the allocation of land to productive activities. For different activities, we shall define different vectors of technical coefficien…
L'audience et l'influence d'une revue mesurée à travers Internet : une application à Finance Contrôle Stratégie
2009
This article aims to show the interest of statistics available on the Internet concerning consultations of abstracts, downloads and citations of articles to assess the attractiveness and influence of a scientific review. This interest is illustrated by the case of the review Finance Contrôle Stratégie on the basis of the statistics provided by Repec and Publish or Perish. Beyond the findings that confirm the good performance of FCS and the usefulness of these statistics for the management of a scientific review, the article also provides insights into the life cycle of an article and the choice of the language of publication.
Goals for the Decade of Childhood 2012-2022 Based on Ten Pillars of a Good Childhood : a Finnish perspective
2013
The Association for Childhood Education International (www.ACEI.org) , the mission of which is to promote and support the optimal education, development, and well-being of children worldwide, organized the Global Summit on Childhood in Washington, D.C., USA from 28 – 31 March, 2012, along with a number of other organizations such as the Alliance for Childhood. The Association for Childhood Education International (www.ACEI.org) , the mission of which is to promote and support the optimal education, development, and well-being of children worldwide, organized the Global Summit on Childhood in Washington, D.C., USA from 28 – 31 March, 2012, along with a number of other organizations such as t…
The Latent Factors Behind the Urban Travel Behaviour
2014
Abstract This research aims to explore the impact of latent variables, mirroring the users’ preferences, on the individual decision making process regarding the mode of transport. The paper describes the first results of an ongoing research activity, which derives from a pilot study carried out in Palermo. The authors have administered to a sample of travellers a questionnaire and they simulated the mode choice behaviour referring to the random utility theory. Then the transport demand over the entire area of Palermo has been studied in order to design the cordon pricing scenario with the application of an additional cost on private car dedicated to a selected area of the historic centre of…
Festigkeitsuntersuchungen an Gesteinen und an Gesteinsverbänden mit dem Prallhammer nach Schmidt
1985
The objective of this research program was to verify whether the rebound hammer SCHMIDT system is appropriate to furnish index-figures for the valuation of rock strength in situ.