Search results for "Edge"
showing 10 items of 3866 documents
Atomistic simulations of the FeK-edge EXAFS in FeF3using molecular dynamics and reverse Monte Carlo methods
2016
Atomistic simulations of the experimental Fe K-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) of rhombohedral (space group ) FeF3 at T = 300 K were performed using classical molecular dynamics and reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) methods. The use of two complementary theoretical approaches allowed us to account accurately for thermal disorder effects in EXAFS and to validate the developed force-field model, which was constructed as a sum of two-body Buckingham-type (Fe–F and F–F), three-body harmonic (Fe–F–Fe) and Coulomb potentials. We found that the shape of the Fe K-edge EXAFS spectrum of FeF3 is a more sensitive probe for the determination of potential parameters than the values of stru…
Defects at the TiO2(100) surface probed by resonant photoelectron diffraction.
2006
We report photoelectron diffraction (PED) experiments of weakly sub-stoichiometric TiO 2 (100) rutile surfaces. Apart from standard core-level PED from the Ti-2p3/2 line, we have studied valence band PED from the defect induced Ti-3d states in the insulating band gap. For maximum yield, the latter were resonantly excited at the Ti-2p absorption edge. The PED patterns have been analyzed within the forward scattering approximation as well as by comparison with simulated PED patterns obtained in multiple scattering calculations. The analysis shows that the defect induced Ti-3d charge is mainly located on the second layer Ti atoms. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Cation Distribution in a Titanium Ferrite Fe2.75Ti0.25O4Measured byin-SituAnomalous Powder Diffraction Using Rietveld Refinement
1998
Many ferrites contain different cations with various valence states and location in the spinel structure. In compounds such as these, only a combination of different techniques such as Mussbauer spectroscopy, IR analysis, and thermogravimetry allows the distribution of cations to be obtained. For very complicated distributions, the mathematical decomposition of derivative thermogravimetric curves (DTG) leading to quantitative distribution is uncertain. In this paper, we present an alternative technique based on resonant diffraction. The anomalous scattering of each cation in the crystalline material is used to determine its amount and position by Rietveld refinement. Since the energy for su…
Contours of diffusion of electronic data interchange in Finland
1998
Abstract Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)—despite its basic simplicity—forms a complex and inter-organizational innovation. This necessitates multiple points of observation and the use of multiple theoretical frames in accounting EDI diffusion processes. Based on field study data we deliver a multi-level account of EDI diffusion in Finland. The study clarifies how factors located on three levels of analysis can be applied to understand the unfolding of EDI adoption in different organizational constellations, here called diffusion patterns. We examine three families of diffusion patterns: local dyadic patterns; industry-wide networks; and national initiatives. Overall we discern five distin…
Are tools all we need? Digital Humanities in the time of its institutionalisation
2011
Three key features of the Digital Humanities today are its quantitative growth, its institutionalisation and its definition as a discipline. In the first part of this article (2. Institutional models) I shall pinpoint some models of institutionalisation that are emerging in the international scenario. Against this background, I shall then discuss (3. Tools) some concepts central to Digital Humanities’ self-definition, such as those of practice, ‘building’, centre, project, product and tools, particularly questioning the opinion that the creation of friendly digital tools is the key issue in the future of the field. I shall finally suggest that ‘instrumentalism’, ‘project fever’ and an exces…
Co-simulated Digital Twin on the Network Edge: the case of platooning
2022
This paper presents an approach to create high fidelity Digital-Twin models for distributed multi-agent cyber-physical systems based on the combination of simulating components, generated from different modeling languages, each tailored for the specific domain of the subsystem. The approach specifically addresses the wireless communication domain, exploiting a Python module as a simulating component to evaluate the impact of network delay among the distributed elements of the system under analysis. A case study with a platoon of four vehicles following a leading car, all modeled in Simulink, is used to show the applicability of the approach, allowing the comparison between a Vehicle-to-Vehi…
Delphi study for the design and validation of a questionnaire about digital competences in higher education
2016
The study of digital competence remains an issue of interest for both the scientific community and the supranational political agenda. This study uses the Delphi method to validate the design of a questionnaire to determine the perceived importance of digital competence in higher education. The questionnaire was constructed from different framework documents in digital competence standards (NETS, ACLR, UNESCO). The triangulation of non-parametric techniques made it possible to consolidate the results obtained through the Delphi panel, the suitability of which was highlighted through the expert competence index (K). The resulting questionnaire emerges as a good tool for undertaking future na…
Industry 4.0 transition: a systematic literature review combining the absorptive capacity theory and the data–information–knowledge hierarchy
2021
Purpose The effect of the transition toward digital technologies on today’s businesses (i.e. Industry 4.0 transition) is becoming increasingly relevant, and the number of studies that have examined this phenomenon has grown rapidly. However, systematizing the existing findings is still a challenge, from both a theoretical and a managerial point of view. In such a setting, the knowledge management (KM) discipline can provide guidance to address such a gap. Indeed, the implementation of fundamental digital technologies is reshaping how firms manage knowledge. Thus, this study aims to critically review the existing literature on Industry 4.0 from a KM perspective. Design/methodology/approach …
Past, ongoing, and future debate on the interplay between internationalization and digitalization
2020
AbstractThe interplay between internationalization and digitalization (IDI) is a relatively young research domain that is finding its way into numerous academic journals, which motivates us to systematically portray the proceedings and evolutions of this interplay over time, analyze its methodological and theoretical background and, more importantly, provide insights to guide future research on these phenomena. Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, we analyze 68 peer-reviewed international business and management papers to explore the structure of knowledge production and identify the emerging trends. Our research reveals four key stages of the debate: (a) how IDI influencesint…
Decision Support for Disaster Risk Management: Integrating Vulnerabilities into Early-Warning Systems
2014
International audience; Despite the potential of new technologies and the improvements of early-warning systems since the 2004 Tsunami, damage and harm caused by disasters do not stop to increase. There is a clear need for better integrating the fragmented landscape of researchers and practitioners working on different aspects of decision support for disaster risk reduction and response. To demonstrate and discuss the advantages of integrated systems, we will focus in this paper on vulnerabilities and early-warning systems. While vulnerabilities are mostly used to allocate risk management resources (preparedness), early-warning systems are designed to initiate the response phase. Indicator …